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The Relationship of Traumatic Birth Experiences and Perceptions with Breastfeeding Attitudes in Primiparous Mothers in the Early Postpartum Period ABSTRACT

Year 2022, , 227 - 234, 14.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.991269

Abstract

Objective: To determine the relationship of the traumatic birth experience and perception with breastfeeding attitudes in primiparous mothers who gave birth vaginally. Materials and Methods: The research was designed as cross-sectional and correlational. The study was carried out in Family Health Centers (FHCs) of a province in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey between February 2020 and 2021. Responses from a total of 270 mothers who were in postpartum 4-8 weeks were analyzed. Data were collected using a multidimensional questionnaire, Traumatic Childbirth Perception, and Breastfeeding Attitude Evaluation Scale. Results: Complications/difficulties at birth (p = 0.037), use of vacuum or forceps (p = 0.010), development of postpartum hemorrhage (p = 0.018), lack of midwife support during labor (p = 0.020), and perception of traumatic birth (p < 0.001) were found to be related factors that may negatively affect breastfeeding attitudes at the rate of 32% (F = 19,433, p < 0.001). It was determined that 32.6% of the mothers had moderate, 33.3% high, and 7.8% very high prevalence of traumatic birth perception. Conclusion: Breastfeeding attitudes are adversely affected in mothers who experience complications/difficulties in the early postpartum period, who use vacuum or forceps, who develop postpartum hemorrhage, who do not receive midwife support during delivery, and who have a high perception of traumatic birth.

Project Number

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References

  • Adams, E. D., & Bianchi, A. L. (2008). A practical approach to labor support. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 37(1), 106-115.
  • Aktaş, S. (2018). Multigravidas’ perceptions of traumatic childbirth: Its relation to some factors, the effect of previous type of birth and experience. Medicine Sience, 7(1), 203-209.
  • Alcorn, K. L., O'Donovan, A., Patrick, J. C., Creedy, D., & Devilly, G. J. (2010). A prospective longitudinal study of the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder resulting from childbirth events. Psychological medicine, 40(11), 1849-1859.
  • American Psychiatric Association (2013). American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®). Washington, DC:. Erişim tarihi 7 Haziran. 2021 https://dhss.delaware.gov/dsamh/files/si2013_dsm5foraddictionsmhandcriminaljustice.pdf.
  • American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (2000). (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author text rev.
  • Andersen, L. B., Melvaer, L. B., Videbech, P., Lamont, R. F., & Joergensen, J. S. (2012). Risk factors for developing post‐traumatic stress disorder following childbirth: a systematic review. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 91(11), 1261-1272.
  • Arslan, H. (1999). Emzirme tutumunu değerlendirme ölçeği geliştirme. Hemşirelik Forumu, 2(3), 132-136.
  • Aydın, N., & Yıldız, H. (2018). Effects of traumatic birth experience and transmission intergenerational Travmatik doğum deneyiminin etkileri ve nesiller arası aktarımı. Journal of Human Sciences, 15(1), 604-618.
  • Ayers, S., Bond, R., Bertullies, S., & Wijma, K. (2016). The aetiology of post-traumatic stress following childbirth: a meta-analysis and theoretical framework. Psychological medicine, 46(6), 1121-1134.
  • Banack, H, Da Costa, D., Marchand, A., Verreault, N., Ireland, K., Dritsa, M., & Khalifé, S. (2012). PTSD following childbirth: a prospective study of incidence and risk factors in Canadian women. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 73(4), 257-263.
  • Beck, C. T., & Watson, S. (2008). Impact of birth trauma on breast-feeding: a tale of two pathways. Nursing research, 57(4), 228-236.
  • Beck, C. T., Gable, R. K., Sakala, C., & Declercq, E. R. (2011). Posttraumatic stress disorder in new mothers: Results from a two‐stage US national survey. Birth, 38(3), 216-227. Begley, C. M. (1990). The effect of ergometrine on breast feeding. Midwifery, 6(2), 60-72.
  • Brown, A., & Jordan, S. (2013). Impact of birth complications on breastfeeding duration: an internet survey. Journal of advanced nursing, 69(4), 828-839.
  • Cook, N., Ayers, S., & Horsch, A. (2018). Maternal posttraumatic stress disorder during the perinatal period and child outcomes: A systematic review. Journal of affective disorders, 225, 18-31.
  • de Mola, C. L., Horta, B. L., Gonçalves, H., de Avila Quevedo, L., Pinheiro, R., Gigante, D. P., ... & Barros, F. C. (2016). Breastfeeding and mental health in adulthood: A birth cohort study in Brazil. Journal of affective disorders, 202, 115-119.
  • Dewey, K. G., Nommsen-Rivers, L. A., Heinig, M. J., & Cohen, R. J. (2003). Risk factors for suboptimal infant breastfeeding behavior, delayed onset of lactation, and excess neonatal weight loss. Pediatrics, 112(3), 607-619.
  • Dilcen, H. Y., & Ekti, Rabia (2019). Travmatik doğumun önlenmesinde ebenin rolü. Life Sciences, 14(3), 64-73.
  • Elmir, R., Schmied, V., Wilkes, L., & Jackson, D. (2010). Women’s perceptions and experiences of a traumatic birth: A meta‐ethnography. Journal of advanced nursing, 66(10), 2142-2153.
  • Fasola, A. O., Obiechina, A. E., & Arotiba, J. T. (2003). Incidence and pattern of maxillofacial fractures in the elderly. International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery, 32(2), 206-208.
  • Gagnon, A. J., & Waghorn, K. (1999). One‐to‐One Nurse Labor Support of Nullipurous Women Stimuluted With Oxytocin. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing, 28(4), 371-376.
  • Gagnon, A. J., Waghorn, K., & Covell, C. (1997). A randomized trial of one‐to‐one nurse support of women in labor. Birth, 24(2), 71-77.
  • Garthus‐Niegel, S., Horsch, A., Ayers, S., Junge‐Hoffmeister, J., Weidner, K., & Eberhard‐Gran, M. (2018). The influence of postpartum PTSD on breastfeeding: A longitudinal population‐based study. Birth, 45(2), 193-201.
  • Ghanbari-Homayi, S., Fardiazar, Z., Meedya, S., Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, S., Asghari-Jafarabadi, M., Mohammadi, E., & Mirghafourvand, M. (2019). Predictors of traumatic birth experience among a group of Iranian primipara women: a cross sectional study. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 19(1), 1-9.
  • Grekin, R., & O'Hara, M. W. (2014). Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis. Clinical psychology review, 34(5), 389-401.
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması (TNSA) (2018) Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, TC Cumhurbaşkanlığı Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı ve TÜBITAK, Ankara, Türkiye.http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2018/rapor/TNSA2018_ana_Rapor.pdf
  • Halperin, O., Sarid, O., & Cwikel, J. (2015). The influence of childbirth experiences on women׳ s postpartum traumatic stress symptoms: A comparison between Israeli Jewish and Arab women. Midwifery, 31(6), 625-632.
  • Hodnett, E. D., Gates, S., Hofmeyr, G. J., & Sakala, C. (2013). Continuous support for women during childbirth. Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (7).
  • Horta, B. L., Loret de Mola, C., & Victora, C. G. (2015). Long-term consequences of breastfeeding on cholesterol, obesity, systolic blood pressure and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta paediatrica, 104, 30-37.
  • Jonas, W., Johansson, L. M., Nissen, E., Ejdebäck, M., Ransjö-Arvidson, A. B., & Uvnäs-Moberg, K. (2009). Effects of intrapartum oxytocin administration and epidural analgesia on the concentration of plasma oxytocin and prolactin, in response to suckling during the second day postpartum. Breastfeeding Medicine, 4(2), 71-82.
  • Jordan, S., Emery, S., Watkins, A., Evans, J. D., Storey, M., & Morgan, G. (2009). Associations of drugs routinely given in labour with breastfeeding at 48 hours: analysis of the Cardiff Births Survey. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 116(12), 1622-1632.
  • Kashanian, M., Javadi, F., & Haghighi, M. M. (2010). Effect of continuous support during labor on duration of labor and rate of cesarean delivery. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 109(3), 198-200.
  • Smith LJ. Impact of Birthing Practices on Breastfeeding, 2nd edn. Jones & Bartlett, Sudbury, MA, 2010.
  • Smith, L. J. (2007). Impact of birthing practices on the breastfeeding dyad. Journal of midwifery & women's health, 52(6), 621-630.
  • Srkalović Imširagić, A., Begić, D., Sarajlić Vuković, I., Rojnić Palavra, I., & Orban, M. (2016). Predictor Of Exclusıve Breastfeedıng 6-9 Weeks After Delıvery: A Prospectıve Cohort Study Public Mental Health Perspective. Psychiatria Danubina, 28(4), 395-403.
  • Tabachnick, B. G. (2013). BG Tabachnick, LS Fidell using multivariate statistics.
  • Türkmen, H., Yalniz Dilcen, H., & Akin, B. (2020). The effect of labor comfort on traumatic childbirth perception, post-traumatic stress disorder, and breastfeeding. Breastfeeding Medicine, 15(12), 779-788.
  • Türkmen, H., Yalniz Dİlcen, H., & Özçoban, F. A. (2021). Traumatic childbirth perception during pregnancy and the postpartum period and its postnatal mental health outcomes: a prospective longitudinal study. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 39(4), 422-434.
  • Uludağ, E., & Mete, S. (2014). Doğum eyleminde destekleyici bakim. Cumhuriyet Hemşirelik Dergisi, Erişim adresi: http://dergipark. gov. tr/download/article-file/48789 Erişim Tarihi, 10, 2018.
  • Wall, V., & Glass, R. (2006). Mandibular asymmetry and breastfeeding problems: experience from 11 cases. Journal of Human Lactation, 22(3), 328-334.
  • Webb, R., & Ayers, S. (2015). Cognitive biases in processing infant emotion by women with depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder in pregnancy or after birth: A systematic review. Cognition and Emotion, 29(7), 1278-1294.
  • World Health Organization. (2017). Guideline: protecting, promoting and supporting breastfeeding in facilities providing maternity and newborn services. World Health Organization.
  • Yalnız, H., Canan, F., Genç, R. E., Kuloğlu, M. A., & Geçici, Ö. (2016). Development of a scale of traumatic childbirth perception. Turk Med J, 8(3), 81-88.

Postpartum Erken Dönemde Primipar Annelerin Travmatik Doğum Deneyimlerinin ve Algısının, Emzirme Tutumu ile İlişkisi

Year 2022, , 227 - 234, 14.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.991269

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma vajinal doğum yapan primipar annelerin travmatik doğum deneyiminin ve algısının emzirme tutumu ile ilişkisini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel ve ilişki arayıcı tipte dizayn edilmiştir. Çalışma Şubat 2020 ile 2021 tarihleri arasında Türkiyenin Orta Anadolu Bölgesinde bulunan bir ilin Aile Sağlığı Merkezlerinde (ASM) gerçekleştirildi. Doğum sonu ilk 4-8 haftalar arasında olan toplam 270 anneden alınan cevaplar analiz edildi. Veriler çok boyutlu soru formu, Travmatik Doğum Algısı Ölçeği (TCPS), Emzirme Tutumunu Değerlendirme Ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı. Bulgular: Doğumda komplikasyon veya zorluk gelişmesi (p = 0.037), vakum veya forseps kullanımı (p = 0.010), doğum sonu kanama gelişmesi (p = 0.018), doğum sürecinde ebe desteğinin olmaması (p = 0.020), ve travmatik doğum algısı (p < 0.001) yüksek olan annelerin %32 oranında (F = 19,433, p < 0.001) emzirme tutumlarını olumsuz etkileyebilecek ilişkili faktörler olarak bulundu. Annelerin %32.6’nın orta, %33.3 yüksek, %7.8 çok yüksek travmatik doğum algısı prevelansına sahip olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç: Postpartum erken dönemde, doğumda komplikasyon veya zorluk gelişen, vakum veya forseps kullanılan, doğum sonu kanama gelişen, doğum sürecinde ebe desteği almayan ve yüksek travmatik doğum algısına sahip olan annelerin emzirme tutumu olumsuz etkilenmektedir.

Supporting Institution

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Project Number

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Thanks

Bu çalışmanın bir parçası oldukları için tüm katılımcılara teşekkür ederiz.

References

  • Adams, E. D., & Bianchi, A. L. (2008). A practical approach to labor support. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 37(1), 106-115.
  • Aktaş, S. (2018). Multigravidas’ perceptions of traumatic childbirth: Its relation to some factors, the effect of previous type of birth and experience. Medicine Sience, 7(1), 203-209.
  • Alcorn, K. L., O'Donovan, A., Patrick, J. C., Creedy, D., & Devilly, G. J. (2010). A prospective longitudinal study of the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder resulting from childbirth events. Psychological medicine, 40(11), 1849-1859.
  • American Psychiatric Association (2013). American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®). Washington, DC:. Erişim tarihi 7 Haziran. 2021 https://dhss.delaware.gov/dsamh/files/si2013_dsm5foraddictionsmhandcriminaljustice.pdf.
  • American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (2000). (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author text rev.
  • Andersen, L. B., Melvaer, L. B., Videbech, P., Lamont, R. F., & Joergensen, J. S. (2012). Risk factors for developing post‐traumatic stress disorder following childbirth: a systematic review. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 91(11), 1261-1272.
  • Arslan, H. (1999). Emzirme tutumunu değerlendirme ölçeği geliştirme. Hemşirelik Forumu, 2(3), 132-136.
  • Aydın, N., & Yıldız, H. (2018). Effects of traumatic birth experience and transmission intergenerational Travmatik doğum deneyiminin etkileri ve nesiller arası aktarımı. Journal of Human Sciences, 15(1), 604-618.
  • Ayers, S., Bond, R., Bertullies, S., & Wijma, K. (2016). The aetiology of post-traumatic stress following childbirth: a meta-analysis and theoretical framework. Psychological medicine, 46(6), 1121-1134.
  • Banack, H, Da Costa, D., Marchand, A., Verreault, N., Ireland, K., Dritsa, M., & Khalifé, S. (2012). PTSD following childbirth: a prospective study of incidence and risk factors in Canadian women. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 73(4), 257-263.
  • Beck, C. T., & Watson, S. (2008). Impact of birth trauma on breast-feeding: a tale of two pathways. Nursing research, 57(4), 228-236.
  • Beck, C. T., Gable, R. K., Sakala, C., & Declercq, E. R. (2011). Posttraumatic stress disorder in new mothers: Results from a two‐stage US national survey. Birth, 38(3), 216-227. Begley, C. M. (1990). The effect of ergometrine on breast feeding. Midwifery, 6(2), 60-72.
  • Brown, A., & Jordan, S. (2013). Impact of birth complications on breastfeeding duration: an internet survey. Journal of advanced nursing, 69(4), 828-839.
  • Cook, N., Ayers, S., & Horsch, A. (2018). Maternal posttraumatic stress disorder during the perinatal period and child outcomes: A systematic review. Journal of affective disorders, 225, 18-31.
  • de Mola, C. L., Horta, B. L., Gonçalves, H., de Avila Quevedo, L., Pinheiro, R., Gigante, D. P., ... & Barros, F. C. (2016). Breastfeeding and mental health in adulthood: A birth cohort study in Brazil. Journal of affective disorders, 202, 115-119.
  • Dewey, K. G., Nommsen-Rivers, L. A., Heinig, M. J., & Cohen, R. J. (2003). Risk factors for suboptimal infant breastfeeding behavior, delayed onset of lactation, and excess neonatal weight loss. Pediatrics, 112(3), 607-619.
  • Dilcen, H. Y., & Ekti, Rabia (2019). Travmatik doğumun önlenmesinde ebenin rolü. Life Sciences, 14(3), 64-73.
  • Elmir, R., Schmied, V., Wilkes, L., & Jackson, D. (2010). Women’s perceptions and experiences of a traumatic birth: A meta‐ethnography. Journal of advanced nursing, 66(10), 2142-2153.
  • Fasola, A. O., Obiechina, A. E., & Arotiba, J. T. (2003). Incidence and pattern of maxillofacial fractures in the elderly. International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery, 32(2), 206-208.
  • Gagnon, A. J., & Waghorn, K. (1999). One‐to‐One Nurse Labor Support of Nullipurous Women Stimuluted With Oxytocin. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing, 28(4), 371-376.
  • Gagnon, A. J., Waghorn, K., & Covell, C. (1997). A randomized trial of one‐to‐one nurse support of women in labor. Birth, 24(2), 71-77.
  • Garthus‐Niegel, S., Horsch, A., Ayers, S., Junge‐Hoffmeister, J., Weidner, K., & Eberhard‐Gran, M. (2018). The influence of postpartum PTSD on breastfeeding: A longitudinal population‐based study. Birth, 45(2), 193-201.
  • Ghanbari-Homayi, S., Fardiazar, Z., Meedya, S., Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, S., Asghari-Jafarabadi, M., Mohammadi, E., & Mirghafourvand, M. (2019). Predictors of traumatic birth experience among a group of Iranian primipara women: a cross sectional study. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 19(1), 1-9.
  • Grekin, R., & O'Hara, M. W. (2014). Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis. Clinical psychology review, 34(5), 389-401.
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması (TNSA) (2018) Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, TC Cumhurbaşkanlığı Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı ve TÜBITAK, Ankara, Türkiye.http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2018/rapor/TNSA2018_ana_Rapor.pdf
  • Halperin, O., Sarid, O., & Cwikel, J. (2015). The influence of childbirth experiences on women׳ s postpartum traumatic stress symptoms: A comparison between Israeli Jewish and Arab women. Midwifery, 31(6), 625-632.
  • Hodnett, E. D., Gates, S., Hofmeyr, G. J., & Sakala, C. (2013). Continuous support for women during childbirth. Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (7).
  • Horta, B. L., Loret de Mola, C., & Victora, C. G. (2015). Long-term consequences of breastfeeding on cholesterol, obesity, systolic blood pressure and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta paediatrica, 104, 30-37.
  • Jonas, W., Johansson, L. M., Nissen, E., Ejdebäck, M., Ransjö-Arvidson, A. B., & Uvnäs-Moberg, K. (2009). Effects of intrapartum oxytocin administration and epidural analgesia on the concentration of plasma oxytocin and prolactin, in response to suckling during the second day postpartum. Breastfeeding Medicine, 4(2), 71-82.
  • Jordan, S., Emery, S., Watkins, A., Evans, J. D., Storey, M., & Morgan, G. (2009). Associations of drugs routinely given in labour with breastfeeding at 48 hours: analysis of the Cardiff Births Survey. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 116(12), 1622-1632.
  • Kashanian, M., Javadi, F., & Haghighi, M. M. (2010). Effect of continuous support during labor on duration of labor and rate of cesarean delivery. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 109(3), 198-200.
  • Smith LJ. Impact of Birthing Practices on Breastfeeding, 2nd edn. Jones & Bartlett, Sudbury, MA, 2010.
  • Smith, L. J. (2007). Impact of birthing practices on the breastfeeding dyad. Journal of midwifery & women's health, 52(6), 621-630.
  • Srkalović Imširagić, A., Begić, D., Sarajlić Vuković, I., Rojnić Palavra, I., & Orban, M. (2016). Predictor Of Exclusıve Breastfeedıng 6-9 Weeks After Delıvery: A Prospectıve Cohort Study Public Mental Health Perspective. Psychiatria Danubina, 28(4), 395-403.
  • Tabachnick, B. G. (2013). BG Tabachnick, LS Fidell using multivariate statistics.
  • Türkmen, H., Yalniz Dilcen, H., & Akin, B. (2020). The effect of labor comfort on traumatic childbirth perception, post-traumatic stress disorder, and breastfeeding. Breastfeeding Medicine, 15(12), 779-788.
  • Türkmen, H., Yalniz Dİlcen, H., & Özçoban, F. A. (2021). Traumatic childbirth perception during pregnancy and the postpartum period and its postnatal mental health outcomes: a prospective longitudinal study. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 39(4), 422-434.
  • Uludağ, E., & Mete, S. (2014). Doğum eyleminde destekleyici bakim. Cumhuriyet Hemşirelik Dergisi, Erişim adresi: http://dergipark. gov. tr/download/article-file/48789 Erişim Tarihi, 10, 2018.
  • Wall, V., & Glass, R. (2006). Mandibular asymmetry and breastfeeding problems: experience from 11 cases. Journal of Human Lactation, 22(3), 328-334.
  • Webb, R., & Ayers, S. (2015). Cognitive biases in processing infant emotion by women with depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder in pregnancy or after birth: A systematic review. Cognition and Emotion, 29(7), 1278-1294.
  • World Health Organization. (2017). Guideline: protecting, promoting and supporting breastfeeding in facilities providing maternity and newborn services. World Health Organization.
  • Yalnız, H., Canan, F., Genç, R. E., Kuloğlu, M. A., & Geçici, Ö. (2016). Development of a scale of traumatic childbirth perception. Turk Med J, 8(3), 81-88.
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Seyhan Çankaya 0000-0003-0433-2515

Cevriye Ocaktan 0000-0001-7004-1439

Project Number -
Publication Date July 14, 2022
Submission Date September 4, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

APA Çankaya, S., & Ocaktan, C. (2022). Postpartum Erken Dönemde Primipar Annelerin Travmatik Doğum Deneyimlerinin ve Algısının, Emzirme Tutumu ile İlişkisi. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(2), 227-234. https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.991269

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