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DNA ONARIM MEKANİZMALARI

Year 2015, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 169 - 177, 31.12.2015

Abstract


İnsan genomik DNA’sının bütünlüğü, endojen ve ekzojen faktörlerin etkisiyle sürekli olarak tehdit altındadır. Bir memeli genomunda her gün yaklaşık olarak 104’ten daha fazla DNA hasarının ortaya çıktığı tahmin edilmektedir. Hasarın yoğunluğuna ve tipine bağlı olarak; hücre döngüsünün durdurulması, gen ifadesinin değişmesi, DNA tamirinin uyarılması, programlı hücre ölümü, kanser ya da yaşlanma gibi olaylar meydana gelebilmektedir. Hücreler genomik bütünlüğü korumak amacıyla karmaşık bir dizi DNA onarım mekanizmalarına sahiplerdir. Bu derlemede, DNA onarım mekanizmaları tartışılmıştır.


References

  • 1. Hoeijmakers JH. DNA damage, aging, and cancer. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(19):1914.
  • 2. Iyama T, Wilson DM. DNA repair mechanisms in dividing and non-dividing cells. DNA Repair. 2013;12(8):620-36.
  • 3. De Bont R, van Larebeke N. Endogenous DNA damage in humans: a review of quantitative data. Mutagenesis. 2004;19(3):169-85.
  • 4. Ciccia, A, Elledge SJ. The DNA damage response: making it safe to play with knives. Mol Cell. 2010;40(2):179-204.
  • 5. Jeppesen DK, Bohr VA, Stevnsner T. DNA repair deficiency in neurodegeneration. Prog Neurobiol. 2011;94(2):166-200.
  • 6. Slupphaug G, Kavli B, Krokan HE. The interacting pathways for prevention and repair of oxidative DNA damage. Mutat Res. 2003;531(1-2):231-51.
  • 7. Sancar A, Lindsey-Boltz LA, Unsal-Kaçmaz K, Linn S. Molecular mechanisms of mammalian DNA repair and the DNA damage checkpoints. Annu Rev Biochem. 2004;73:39-85.
  • 8. Sherman MH, Bassing CH, Teitell MA. Regulation of cell differentiation by the DNA damage response. Trends Cell Biol. 2011;21(5):312-9.
  • 9. Morita R, Nakane S, Shimada A, et al: Molecular Mechanisms of the Whole DNA Repair System: A Comparison of Bacterial and Eukaryotic Systems. J Nucleic Acids. 2010;2010:179594.
  • 10. Sameer AS, Nissar S, Fatima K. Mismatch repair pathway: molecules, functions, and role in colorectal carcinogenesis. European Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2014;23(4):246-57.
  • 11. Hansen RJ, Ludeman SM, Paikoff SJ, Pegg AE, Dolan ME. Role of MGMT in protecting against cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity in cells and animals. DNA Repair (Amst). 2007;6(8):1145-54.
  • 12. Kaina B, Margison GP, Christmann M. Targeting O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase with specific inhibitors as a strategy in cancer therapy. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2010;67(21):3663-81.
  • 13. Kaina B, Christmann M, Naumann S, Roos WP. MGMT: Key node in the battle against genotoxicity, carcinogenicity and apoptosis induced by alkylating agents. DNA Repair (Amst). 2007;6(8):1079-99.
  • 14. Christmann M, Verbeek B, Roos WP, Kaina B. O6-Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in normal tissues and tumors: Enzyme activity, promoter methylation and immunohistochemistry. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011;1816(2):179-90.
  • 15. Liu L, Gerson SL. Targeted Modulation of MGMT: Clinical Implications. Clin Cancer Res. 2006;12(2):328-31.
  • 16. Riemenschneider MJ, Hegi ME, Reifenberger G. MGMT promoter methylation in malignant gliomas. Target Oncol. 2010;5(3):161-5.
  • 17. Buttarelli FR, Massimino M, Antonelli M, et al: Evaluation status and prognostic significance of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation in pediatric high grade gliomas. Childs Nerv Syst. 2010;26(8):1051-6.
  • 18. Weissman L, de Souza-Pinto NC, Stevnsner T, Bohr VA. DNA repair, mitochondria, and neurodegeneration. Neuroscience. 2007;145(4):1318-29.
  • 19. Robertson AB, Klungland A, Rognes T, Leiros I. Base excision repair: the long and short of it. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2009;66(6):981-93.
  • 20. Fousteri M, Mullenders LH. Transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair in mammalian cells: molecular mechanisms and biological effects. Cell Res. 2008;18(1):73-84.
  • 21. Shuck SC, Short EA, Turchi JJ. Eukaryotic nucleotide excision repair, from understanding mechanisms to influencing biology. Cell Res. 2008;18(1):64-72.
  • 22. Mitchell JR, Hoeijmakers JH, Niedernhofer LJ. Divide and conquer: nucleotide excision repair battles cancer and ageing. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2003;15(2):232-40.
  • 23. Melis JP, van Steeg H, Luijten M. Oxidative DNA damage and nucleotide excision repair. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2013;18(18):2409-19.
  • 24. Jekimovs C, Bolderson E, Suraweera A, Adams M, O'Byrne KJ, Richard DJ. Chemotherapeutic compounds targeting the DNA double-strand break repair pathways: thegood, the bad, and the promising. Front Oncol. 2014;4:86.
  • 25. Martin SA, Lord CJ, Ashworth A. Therapeutic Targeting of the DNA Mismatch Repair Pathway. Clin Cancer Res. 2010;16(21):5107-13.
  • 26. Conde-Pérezprina JC, León-Galván MÁ, Konigsberg M. DNA Mismatch Repair System: Repercussions in Cellular Homeostasis and Relationship with Aging. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2012;2012:728430.
  • 27. Li GM. Mechanisms and functions of DNA mismatch repair. Cell Res. 2008;18(1):85-98.
  • 28. Peltomäki P. DNA mismatch repair and cancer. Mutat Res. 2001;488(1):77-85.
  • 29. Modrich P. Mechanisms in eukaryotic mismatch repair. J Biol Chem. 2006;281(41):30305-9.

DNA REPAIR MECHANISMS

Year 2015, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 169 - 177, 31.12.2015

Abstract


The integrity of human genomic DNA are constantly threatened by the action of endogenous and exogenous factors. It is estimated that more than 104 DNA lesions are occur in each mammalian cell each day. Depending on the intensity and type of the damage; cell cycle arrest, change in gene expression, stimulation of DNA repair, programmed cell death, cancer or cellular aging events may occur. To protect genomic integrity, cells have a complex network of DNA repair mechanisms. In this review, DNA repair mechanisms are discussed in general.


References

  • 1. Hoeijmakers JH. DNA damage, aging, and cancer. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(19):1914.
  • 2. Iyama T, Wilson DM. DNA repair mechanisms in dividing and non-dividing cells. DNA Repair. 2013;12(8):620-36.
  • 3. De Bont R, van Larebeke N. Endogenous DNA damage in humans: a review of quantitative data. Mutagenesis. 2004;19(3):169-85.
  • 4. Ciccia, A, Elledge SJ. The DNA damage response: making it safe to play with knives. Mol Cell. 2010;40(2):179-204.
  • 5. Jeppesen DK, Bohr VA, Stevnsner T. DNA repair deficiency in neurodegeneration. Prog Neurobiol. 2011;94(2):166-200.
  • 6. Slupphaug G, Kavli B, Krokan HE. The interacting pathways for prevention and repair of oxidative DNA damage. Mutat Res. 2003;531(1-2):231-51.
  • 7. Sancar A, Lindsey-Boltz LA, Unsal-Kaçmaz K, Linn S. Molecular mechanisms of mammalian DNA repair and the DNA damage checkpoints. Annu Rev Biochem. 2004;73:39-85.
  • 8. Sherman MH, Bassing CH, Teitell MA. Regulation of cell differentiation by the DNA damage response. Trends Cell Biol. 2011;21(5):312-9.
  • 9. Morita R, Nakane S, Shimada A, et al: Molecular Mechanisms of the Whole DNA Repair System: A Comparison of Bacterial and Eukaryotic Systems. J Nucleic Acids. 2010;2010:179594.
  • 10. Sameer AS, Nissar S, Fatima K. Mismatch repair pathway: molecules, functions, and role in colorectal carcinogenesis. European Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2014;23(4):246-57.
  • 11. Hansen RJ, Ludeman SM, Paikoff SJ, Pegg AE, Dolan ME. Role of MGMT in protecting against cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity in cells and animals. DNA Repair (Amst). 2007;6(8):1145-54.
  • 12. Kaina B, Margison GP, Christmann M. Targeting O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase with specific inhibitors as a strategy in cancer therapy. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2010;67(21):3663-81.
  • 13. Kaina B, Christmann M, Naumann S, Roos WP. MGMT: Key node in the battle against genotoxicity, carcinogenicity and apoptosis induced by alkylating agents. DNA Repair (Amst). 2007;6(8):1079-99.
  • 14. Christmann M, Verbeek B, Roos WP, Kaina B. O6-Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in normal tissues and tumors: Enzyme activity, promoter methylation and immunohistochemistry. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011;1816(2):179-90.
  • 15. Liu L, Gerson SL. Targeted Modulation of MGMT: Clinical Implications. Clin Cancer Res. 2006;12(2):328-31.
  • 16. Riemenschneider MJ, Hegi ME, Reifenberger G. MGMT promoter methylation in malignant gliomas. Target Oncol. 2010;5(3):161-5.
  • 17. Buttarelli FR, Massimino M, Antonelli M, et al: Evaluation status and prognostic significance of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation in pediatric high grade gliomas. Childs Nerv Syst. 2010;26(8):1051-6.
  • 18. Weissman L, de Souza-Pinto NC, Stevnsner T, Bohr VA. DNA repair, mitochondria, and neurodegeneration. Neuroscience. 2007;145(4):1318-29.
  • 19. Robertson AB, Klungland A, Rognes T, Leiros I. Base excision repair: the long and short of it. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2009;66(6):981-93.
  • 20. Fousteri M, Mullenders LH. Transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair in mammalian cells: molecular mechanisms and biological effects. Cell Res. 2008;18(1):73-84.
  • 21. Shuck SC, Short EA, Turchi JJ. Eukaryotic nucleotide excision repair, from understanding mechanisms to influencing biology. Cell Res. 2008;18(1):64-72.
  • 22. Mitchell JR, Hoeijmakers JH, Niedernhofer LJ. Divide and conquer: nucleotide excision repair battles cancer and ageing. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2003;15(2):232-40.
  • 23. Melis JP, van Steeg H, Luijten M. Oxidative DNA damage and nucleotide excision repair. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2013;18(18):2409-19.
  • 24. Jekimovs C, Bolderson E, Suraweera A, Adams M, O'Byrne KJ, Richard DJ. Chemotherapeutic compounds targeting the DNA double-strand break repair pathways: thegood, the bad, and the promising. Front Oncol. 2014;4:86.
  • 25. Martin SA, Lord CJ, Ashworth A. Therapeutic Targeting of the DNA Mismatch Repair Pathway. Clin Cancer Res. 2010;16(21):5107-13.
  • 26. Conde-Pérezprina JC, León-Galván MÁ, Konigsberg M. DNA Mismatch Repair System: Repercussions in Cellular Homeostasis and Relationship with Aging. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2012;2012:728430.
  • 27. Li GM. Mechanisms and functions of DNA mismatch repair. Cell Res. 2008;18(1):85-98.
  • 28. Peltomäki P. DNA mismatch repair and cancer. Mutat Res. 2001;488(1):77-85.
  • 29. Modrich P. Mechanisms in eukaryotic mismatch repair. J Biol Chem. 2006;281(41):30305-9.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Derlemeler
Authors

Elçin Latife Kurtoğlu This is me

İbrahim Tekedereli This is me

Publication Date December 31, 2015
Submission Date January 12, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 4 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kurtoğlu, E. L., & Tekedereli, İ. (2015). DNA ONARIM MEKANİZMALARI. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(3), 169-177.

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