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Determining the Relationship Between Body Image, Genital Self-Image and Self-Esteem in Postpartum Women

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 304 - 310, 23.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1144493

Abstract

Introduction: The study was conducted to determine the relationship between body image, genital self-image and self-esteem in the postpartum period. Materials and Method: The study was carried out with 145 women in the postpartum period. The data of the study were collected using the Personal Information Form, Body Cathexis Scale (BCS), Female Genital Self-Image Scale (FGSIS) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Results: It was determined that the mean BCS total score of the women was 143.56±26.82, the total mean score of the FGSIS was 17.23±4.97, and the total mean of the RSES score was 20.23±4.52. It has been determined that as the genital self-image and body perception level of women increase in the postpartum period, their self-esteem also increases. Conclusion: Health professionals should inform women about body changes that may occur in the postpartum period, warn them not to be deceived by media images, and emphasize the importance of realistic postpartum expectations.

References

  • Referans1 Amos, N., & McCabe, M. (2016). Positive perceptions of genital appearance and feeling sexually attractive: is it a matter of sexual esteem? Arch Sex Behav, 45:1249-1258.
  • Referans2 Bomba, I.Y.J., Lesmana, C.B.J., Diniari, N.K.S., Aryani, L.N., Wahyuni, A.A.S., Setyawati, L., Ariani, N.K.P., Wardani, I.A.K., & Ardani, I.G.A.I. (2021). The relationship between self-esteem and husband support with body image perception in post-vaginal delivery primiparous mother in independent Delima midwife practice in Denpasar. Bali Medical Journal, 10(1): 21-25. DOI: 10.15562/bmj.v10i1.2069.
  • Referans3 Brown, A., Rance, J., & Warren, L. (2015). Body image concerns during pregnancy are associated with a shorter breast feeding duration. Midwifery, 31: 80-89.
  • Referans4 Clark, A., Skouteris, H., Wertheim, E.H., Paxton, S.J., & Milgrom, J. (2009) The relationship between depression and body dissatisfaction across pregnancy and the postpartum: a prospective study. J Health Psychol, 14(1):27-35. doi: 10.1177/1359105308097940.
  • Referans5 Çuhadaroğlu, F. (1986). Adölesanlarda benlik saygısı, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı Yayımlanmamış Uzmanlık Tezi, Ankara.
  • Referans6 Eryılmaz, S. (2017). Gebelikte beden imajı ve depresif davranışlar arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniveristesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Ebelik Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Eskişehir.
  • Referans7 Gjerdingen, D., Crow, S., McGovern, P., Miner, M., & Center, C. (2009) Postpartum depression screening at well-child visits: Validity of the two-question screen and PHQ-9. Ann Fam Medi, 7: 63–70.
  • Referans8 Gümüş, A.B., Çevik, N., Hyusni, A.S., Biçen, Ş., Keskin, G., & Malak, A.T. (2011) Gebelikte benlik saygısı ve beden imajı ile ilişkili özellikler. Anatol J Clin Investig, 5(1):7-14.
  • Referans9 Herbenick, D., & Reece, M. (2010). Outcomes assessment: development and validation of the female genital self‐ image scale. The journal of sexual medicine, 7(5):1822-30.
  • Referans10 Hovardaoğlu, S. (1993). Vücut algısı ölçeği. Psikiyatri, Psikoloji, Psikofarmakoloji (3P) Dergisi, 1 (1): 26-27, Testler özel eki.
  • Referans11 Hutchinson, J., & Cassidy, T. (2021). Well-being, self-esteem and body satisfaction in new mothers. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology; 20:1-15. DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2021.1916452
  • Referans12 Karadeniz, Z.C. (2019). Kadın Genital benlik imajı ölçeğinin uyarlanması ve psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Hemşirelik Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Antalya.
  • Referans13 Lazarus, K., & Rossouw, P.J. (2015). Mother’s expectations of parenthood: the impact of prenatal expectations on self-esteem, depression, anxiety, and stress post-birth. IJNPT, 3(2). p102-123.
  • Referans14 Liu, X., Wang, S., & Wang, G. (2021). Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum depression in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Nurs, 00:1–13. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16121
  • Referans15 Meireles, J.F.F., Neves, C.M., Amaral, A.C.S., Morgado, F.F.R., & Ferreira, M.E.C. (2022). Body appreciation, depressive symptoms, and self-esteem in pregnant and postpartum Brazilian women. Front Glob Womens Health, 17;3:834040. doi: 10.3389/fgwh.2022.834040.
  • Referans16 Nagl, M., Jepsen, L., Linde, & K., Kersting, A. (2021). Social media use and postpartum body image dissatisfaction: The role of appearance-related social comparisons and thin-ideal internalization. Midwifery, Volume 100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2021.103038
  • Referans17 Nasiri, S., Kordi, M., & Gharavi, M.M. (2015). A comparative study of the effects of problem-solving skills training and relaxation on the score of self-esteem in women with postpartum depression. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 20(1), 105. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4325401/
  • Referans18 Olsson, A., Lundqvist, M., & Faxelid, E. (2005). Women's thoughts about sexual life after childbirth: focus group discussions with women after childbirth. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 19(4), 381-7.
  • Referans19 Pop, C. (2016). Self-Esteem and body image perception in a sample of university students. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research , 64, 31-44 http://dx.doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2016.64.2
  • Referans20 Rallis, S., Skouteris, H., Wertheim, E.H., & Paxton, S.J. (2007). Predictors of body image during the first year postpartum:a prospective study. Women Health, 45: 87-104. https://doi.org/10.1300/J013v45n01_06
  • Referans21 Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. New Jersey: Princeton University Press
  • Referans22 Sayılan, A.A., Ak, E.A., İnan, E., & Kavasoğlu, A. (2020). Sezaryen sonrası benlik saygısı ve vücut algısı. CBU-SBED, 7(1):18-24.
  • Referans23 Secord, P.F., & Jourard, S.M. (1953). The appraisal of body-cathexis: body cathexis and the self. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 17, 343-347.
  • Referans24 Tabachnick, B.G, & Fidell LS. (2013) Using multivariate statistics. Boston, Pearson
  • Referans25 Walker, L.O., Gao, J., & Xie, B. (2015). Postpartum psychosocial and behavioral health: a systematic review of self-administered scales validated for postpartum women in the United States. Women Health Issues, 25:586–600. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2015.05.006

Doğum Sonu Dönemdeki Kadınlarda Vücut Algısı, Genital Benlik İmajı ve Benlik Saygısı Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 304 - 310, 23.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1144493

Abstract

Giriş: Araştırma, doğum sonu dönemde vücut algısı, genital benlik imajı ve benlik saygısı arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek için yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma, doğum sonu dönemdeki 145 kadın ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Vücut Algısı Ölçeği (VAÖ), Kadın Genital Benlik İmajı Ölçeği (KGBİÖ) ve Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği (RBSÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Kadınların VAÖ toplam puan ortalamasının 143.56±26.82, toplam KGBİÖ puan ortalamasının 17.23±4.97, toplam RBSÖ puan ortalamasının 20.23±4.52 olduğu saptanmıştır. Doğum sonu dönemde kadınların genital benlik imajı ve vücut algı düzeyi arttıkça benlik saygısının da arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Sağlık çalışanları doğum sonrası dönemde meydana gelebilecek vücut değişiklikleri konusunda kadınları bilgilendirmeli, medya görüntülerine aldanmamaları konusunda uyarmalı ve doğum sonrası gerçekçi beklentilerin önemini vurgulamalıdır.

References

  • Referans1 Amos, N., & McCabe, M. (2016). Positive perceptions of genital appearance and feeling sexually attractive: is it a matter of sexual esteem? Arch Sex Behav, 45:1249-1258.
  • Referans2 Bomba, I.Y.J., Lesmana, C.B.J., Diniari, N.K.S., Aryani, L.N., Wahyuni, A.A.S., Setyawati, L., Ariani, N.K.P., Wardani, I.A.K., & Ardani, I.G.A.I. (2021). The relationship between self-esteem and husband support with body image perception in post-vaginal delivery primiparous mother in independent Delima midwife practice in Denpasar. Bali Medical Journal, 10(1): 21-25. DOI: 10.15562/bmj.v10i1.2069.
  • Referans3 Brown, A., Rance, J., & Warren, L. (2015). Body image concerns during pregnancy are associated with a shorter breast feeding duration. Midwifery, 31: 80-89.
  • Referans4 Clark, A., Skouteris, H., Wertheim, E.H., Paxton, S.J., & Milgrom, J. (2009) The relationship between depression and body dissatisfaction across pregnancy and the postpartum: a prospective study. J Health Psychol, 14(1):27-35. doi: 10.1177/1359105308097940.
  • Referans5 Çuhadaroğlu, F. (1986). Adölesanlarda benlik saygısı, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı Yayımlanmamış Uzmanlık Tezi, Ankara.
  • Referans6 Eryılmaz, S. (2017). Gebelikte beden imajı ve depresif davranışlar arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniveristesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Ebelik Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Eskişehir.
  • Referans7 Gjerdingen, D., Crow, S., McGovern, P., Miner, M., & Center, C. (2009) Postpartum depression screening at well-child visits: Validity of the two-question screen and PHQ-9. Ann Fam Medi, 7: 63–70.
  • Referans8 Gümüş, A.B., Çevik, N., Hyusni, A.S., Biçen, Ş., Keskin, G., & Malak, A.T. (2011) Gebelikte benlik saygısı ve beden imajı ile ilişkili özellikler. Anatol J Clin Investig, 5(1):7-14.
  • Referans9 Herbenick, D., & Reece, M. (2010). Outcomes assessment: development and validation of the female genital self‐ image scale. The journal of sexual medicine, 7(5):1822-30.
  • Referans10 Hovardaoğlu, S. (1993). Vücut algısı ölçeği. Psikiyatri, Psikoloji, Psikofarmakoloji (3P) Dergisi, 1 (1): 26-27, Testler özel eki.
  • Referans11 Hutchinson, J., & Cassidy, T. (2021). Well-being, self-esteem and body satisfaction in new mothers. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology; 20:1-15. DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2021.1916452
  • Referans12 Karadeniz, Z.C. (2019). Kadın Genital benlik imajı ölçeğinin uyarlanması ve psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Hemşirelik Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Antalya.
  • Referans13 Lazarus, K., & Rossouw, P.J. (2015). Mother’s expectations of parenthood: the impact of prenatal expectations on self-esteem, depression, anxiety, and stress post-birth. IJNPT, 3(2). p102-123.
  • Referans14 Liu, X., Wang, S., & Wang, G. (2021). Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum depression in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Nurs, 00:1–13. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16121
  • Referans15 Meireles, J.F.F., Neves, C.M., Amaral, A.C.S., Morgado, F.F.R., & Ferreira, M.E.C. (2022). Body appreciation, depressive symptoms, and self-esteem in pregnant and postpartum Brazilian women. Front Glob Womens Health, 17;3:834040. doi: 10.3389/fgwh.2022.834040.
  • Referans16 Nagl, M., Jepsen, L., Linde, & K., Kersting, A. (2021). Social media use and postpartum body image dissatisfaction: The role of appearance-related social comparisons and thin-ideal internalization. Midwifery, Volume 100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2021.103038
  • Referans17 Nasiri, S., Kordi, M., & Gharavi, M.M. (2015). A comparative study of the effects of problem-solving skills training and relaxation on the score of self-esteem in women with postpartum depression. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 20(1), 105. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4325401/
  • Referans18 Olsson, A., Lundqvist, M., & Faxelid, E. (2005). Women's thoughts about sexual life after childbirth: focus group discussions with women after childbirth. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 19(4), 381-7.
  • Referans19 Pop, C. (2016). Self-Esteem and body image perception in a sample of university students. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research , 64, 31-44 http://dx.doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2016.64.2
  • Referans20 Rallis, S., Skouteris, H., Wertheim, E.H., & Paxton, S.J. (2007). Predictors of body image during the first year postpartum:a prospective study. Women Health, 45: 87-104. https://doi.org/10.1300/J013v45n01_06
  • Referans21 Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. New Jersey: Princeton University Press
  • Referans22 Sayılan, A.A., Ak, E.A., İnan, E., & Kavasoğlu, A. (2020). Sezaryen sonrası benlik saygısı ve vücut algısı. CBU-SBED, 7(1):18-24.
  • Referans23 Secord, P.F., & Jourard, S.M. (1953). The appraisal of body-cathexis: body cathexis and the self. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 17, 343-347.
  • Referans24 Tabachnick, B.G, & Fidell LS. (2013) Using multivariate statistics. Boston, Pearson
  • Referans25 Walker, L.O., Gao, J., & Xie, B. (2015). Postpartum psychosocial and behavioral health: a systematic review of self-administered scales validated for postpartum women in the United States. Women Health Issues, 25:586–600. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2015.05.006
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Habibe Bay 0000-0001-5786-4385

Bihter Akın 0000-0002-3591-3630

Publication Date June 23, 2023
Submission Date July 16, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 12 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Bay, H., & Akın, B. (2023). Doğum Sonu Dönemdeki Kadınlarda Vücut Algısı, Genital Benlik İmajı ve Benlik Saygısı Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(2), 304-310. https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1144493

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