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Psychosocial Problems and Coping Methods Experienced by the Nurses Working in Pandemic Clinics

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 505 - 515, 25.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1462909

Abstract

Objective: This study was designed as a descriptive study using the "in-depth interview technique" to determine psychosocial problems and coping methods experienced by nurses working in Covid 19 pandemic clinics. Materials and Methods: The universe of the study consisted of 871 nurses working in pandemic clinics of a city hospital in the western part of Turkey between September 2021 and October 2021; and the sample consisted of 21 nurses working in pandemic clinics. "Personal Information Form" and "Psychosocial Health Evaluation Form in Nurses" were used as data collection tools in the study. Data were analyzed by using content analysis. Results: Mean age of the nurses participated in the study was 31.85 years old; and 76.20% were women. A total of five main themes and subthemes for each theme were identified at the end of data analysis. Five main themes identified were “Emotional Problems”, “Behavioral Problems”, “Coping Strategies”, “Occupational Changes” and “An Isolated Life”. Conclusion: Nurses experienced various psychosocial problems in their working environment during the pandemic. It is suggested to plan preventive psychosocial interventions in order to decrease and prevent psychosocial problems experienced by the nurses under challenging conditions.

References

  • Bagcchi, S. (2020). Stigma during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(7), 782.
  • Bai, Y., Lin, C. C., Lin, C. Y., Chen, J. Y., Chue, C. M., & Chou, P. (2004). Survey of stress reactions among health care workers involved with the SARS outbreak. Psychiatric Services, 55(9), 1055-1057. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.55.9.1055
  • Bana, P. E. (2020). Covıd-19 salgını sürecinde sağlık çalışanlarının sosyal damgalanma algısının değerlendirilmesi. PressAcademia Procedia, 11(1), 115-120. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2020.1251
  • Bayülgen, M. Y., Bayülgen, A., Yeşil, F. H., & Türksever, H. A. (2021). COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde çalışan hemşirelerin anksiyete ve umutsuzluk düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Dergisi, 3(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.48071/sbuhemsirelik.839229
  • Cai, H., Tu, B., Ma, J., Chen, L., Fu, L., Jiang, Y., & Zhuang, Q. (2020). Psychological impact and coping strategies of frontline medical staff in Hunan between January and March 2020 during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hubei, China. Medical science monitor: international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 26, e924171-doi.org/10.12659/MSM.924171
  • Cui, J., Li, F., & Shi, Z. L. (2019). Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 17(3), 181-192.
  • Çini, M. A., Erdirençelebi, M., & Ertürk, E. (2021). COVID-19 pandemi döneminde iş stresinin işte kalma niyetine etkisinde iş tatmininin aracılık etkisi. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 13(3), 2356-2375.
  • De los Santos, J. A. A., & Labrague, L. J. (2021). The impact of fear of COVID-19 on job stress, and turnover intentions of frontline nurses in the community: a cross-sectional study in the Philippines. Traumatology, 27(1), 52. https://doi.org/10.1037/trm0000294
  • Denning, M., Goh, E. T., Tan, B., Kanneganti, A., Almonte, M., Scott, A., ... & Kinross, J. (2021). Determinants of burnout and other aspects of psychological well-being in healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic: A multinational cross-sectional study. Plos one,16(4),e0238666. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.16.20155622
  • Fernandez, R., Lord, H., Halcomb, E., Moxham, L., Middleton, R., Alananzeh, I., & Ellwood, L. (2020). Implications for COVID-19: A systematic review of nurses’ experiences of working in acute care hospital settings during a respiratory pandemic. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 111, 103637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103637
  • Fırat, M., Kanbay, Y., Utkan, M., Gökmen, B. D., & Okanlı, A. (2021). COVID-19 pandemisinde hizmet veren sağlık çalışanlarının psikososyal zorlanmaları: Türkiyeden nitel bir çalışma. Gevher Nesıbe Journal of Medıcal and Health Scıences, 6(13), 74-80. https://doi.org/10.46648/gnj.240
  • Hiçdurmaz, D., Üzar-Özçetin, Y.S. (2020). COVID-19 pandemisinde ön safta çalışan hemşirelerin ruhsal sağlığının korunması ve ruhsal travmanın önlenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi, 7 (Özel Sayı), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.31125/hunhemsire.775531
  • Horesh, D., & Brown, A. D. (2020). Traumatic stress in the age of COVID-19: A call to close critical gaps and adapt to new realities. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 12(4), 331.
  • Hoşgör, D. G., Tanyel, T. Ç., Saadet, C. İ. N., & Demirsoy, S. B. (2021). COVID-19 pandemisi döneminde sağlik çalişanlarinda tükenmişlik: İstanbul ili örneği. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(2), 372-386. International Council of Nurses (2020). www.icn.ch/news/nursing-world-health-icn-announces-theme-international-nurses-day-2020, Erişim tarihi:16.05.2024).
  • Kang, Y. J. (2020). Mortality rate of infection with COVID-19 in Korea from the perspective of underlying disease. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness, 14(3), 384-386. https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2020.60
  • Lai, J., Ma, S., Wang, Y., Cai, Z., Hu, J., Wei, N., ... & Hu, S. (2020). Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA network open, 3(3), e203976-e203976. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976
  • Munawar, K., & Choudhry, F. R. (2021). Exploring stress coping strategies of frontline emergency health workers dealing Covid-19 in Pakistan: A qualitative inquiry. American journal of infection control, 49(3), 286-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.06.214
  • Otu, A., Charles, CH., Yaya, S. (2020). Mental health and psychosocial well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: The invisible elephant in the room. Int J Ment Health Syst, 14, 38. doi.org/10.1186/s13033-020-00371
  • Özaydın, Ö., & Güdük, Ö. (2021). COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Sağlık Çalışanlarının Yaşadıkları Mental Sorunlar. Yüksek İhtisas Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2, 83-90. https://doi.org/10.51261/yiu.2021.00035
  • Sandelowski, M. (2010). What's in a name? Qualitative description revisited. Research in nursing & health, 33(1), 77-84. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.20362
  • Saricam, M. (2020). COVID-19-Related anxiety in nurses working on front lines in Turkey. Nursing and Midwifery Studies, 9(3), 178-178.
  • Sertöz, Ö., Kuman Tunçel, Ö., Sertöz, N., Hepdurgun, C., İşman Haznedaroğlu, D., Bor C (2021). Üçüncü basamak bir üniversite hastanesinde covid-19 pandemisinde sağlık çalışanlarında tükenmişlik: psikolojik destek ihtiyacının değerlendirilmesi. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 32(2), 75-86. https://doi.org/10.5080/u25964
  • Simione, L., & Gnagnarella, C. (2020). Differences between health workers and general population in risk perception, behaviors, and psychological distress related to COVID-19 spread in Italy. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 2166.
  • Tuncay, F. E., Koyuncu, E., & Özel, Ş. (2020). Pandemilerde sağlık çalışanlarının psikososyal sağlığını etkileyen koruyucu ve risk faktörlerine ilişkin bir derleme. Ankara Medical Journal, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.5505/amj.2020.02418
  • Wang, H., Feng, J., Shao, L., Wei, J., Wang, X., Xu, X., ... & Liang, T. (2020). Contingency management strategies of the Nursing Department in centralized rescue of patients with coronavirus disease 2019.
  • International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 7(2), 139-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.04.001 Willard-Grace, R., Knox, M., Huang, B., Hammer, H., Kivlahan, C., & Grumbach, K. (2019). Burnout and health care workforce turnover. The Annals of Family Medicine, 17(1), 36-41. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.2338
  • World Health Organization. (2021). Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Erişim Adresi: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-COVID-19-final-report.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 17 Kasım 2021.
  • Xiong, Y., & Peng, L. (2020). Focusing on health-care providers' experiences in the COVID-19 crisis. The Lancet Global Health, 8(6), e740-e741. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30214-X
  • Yiğit, D., & Açıkgöz, A. (2021). Anxiety and death anxiety levels of nurses in the COVID-19 pandemic and affecting factors. Journal of Education & Research in Nursing/Hemşirelikte Eğitim ve Araştırma Dergisi, 18. https://doi.org/10.5152/jern.2021.35683

Pandemi Kliniklerinde Çalışan Hemşirelerin Yaşadıkları Psikososyal Sorunlar ve Başa Çıkma Yöntemleri

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 505 - 515, 25.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1462909

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, Covid-19 pandemi kliniklerinde çalışan hemşirelerin yaşadıkları psikososyal sorunların ve baş etme yöntemlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla “derinlemesine görüşme tekniği” nin kullanıldığı tanımlayıcı bir çalışma olarak tasarlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmanın evrenini Türkiye’nin batısında bir şehir hastanesi’nde Eylül 2021- Ekim 2021 tarihleri arasında pandemi kliniklerinde çalışan 871 hemşire, örneklemi ise pandemi kliniklerinde çalışan 21 hemşire oluşturmuştur. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak "Kişisel Bilgi Formu" ve “Hemşirelerde Psikososyal Sağlığı Değerlendirme Formu” kullanılmıştır. Veriler, içerik analizi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin yaş ortalaması 31,85 ve %76,20’si kadındır. Verilerin analizi sonucunda toplam beş ana tema ve her bir tema için alt temalar belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen beş ana tema; “duygusal sorunlar”, “davranış sorunları”, “başa çıkma stratejileri”, “mesleki değişiklikler” ve “izole bir yaşam”dır. Sonuç: Pandemi döneminde hemşireler çalışma ortamlarında çeşitli psikososyal sorunlar yaşamışlardır. Hemşirelerin zorlu şartlarda psikososyal sorunlarını azaltmak ve önlemek için koruyucu psikososyal müdahalelerin planlanması önerilmektedir.

References

  • Bagcchi, S. (2020). Stigma during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(7), 782.
  • Bai, Y., Lin, C. C., Lin, C. Y., Chen, J. Y., Chue, C. M., & Chou, P. (2004). Survey of stress reactions among health care workers involved with the SARS outbreak. Psychiatric Services, 55(9), 1055-1057. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.55.9.1055
  • Bana, P. E. (2020). Covıd-19 salgını sürecinde sağlık çalışanlarının sosyal damgalanma algısının değerlendirilmesi. PressAcademia Procedia, 11(1), 115-120. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2020.1251
  • Bayülgen, M. Y., Bayülgen, A., Yeşil, F. H., & Türksever, H. A. (2021). COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde çalışan hemşirelerin anksiyete ve umutsuzluk düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Dergisi, 3(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.48071/sbuhemsirelik.839229
  • Cai, H., Tu, B., Ma, J., Chen, L., Fu, L., Jiang, Y., & Zhuang, Q. (2020). Psychological impact and coping strategies of frontline medical staff in Hunan between January and March 2020 during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hubei, China. Medical science monitor: international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 26, e924171-doi.org/10.12659/MSM.924171
  • Cui, J., Li, F., & Shi, Z. L. (2019). Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 17(3), 181-192.
  • Çini, M. A., Erdirençelebi, M., & Ertürk, E. (2021). COVID-19 pandemi döneminde iş stresinin işte kalma niyetine etkisinde iş tatmininin aracılık etkisi. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 13(3), 2356-2375.
  • De los Santos, J. A. A., & Labrague, L. J. (2021). The impact of fear of COVID-19 on job stress, and turnover intentions of frontline nurses in the community: a cross-sectional study in the Philippines. Traumatology, 27(1), 52. https://doi.org/10.1037/trm0000294
  • Denning, M., Goh, E. T., Tan, B., Kanneganti, A., Almonte, M., Scott, A., ... & Kinross, J. (2021). Determinants of burnout and other aspects of psychological well-being in healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic: A multinational cross-sectional study. Plos one,16(4),e0238666. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.16.20155622
  • Fernandez, R., Lord, H., Halcomb, E., Moxham, L., Middleton, R., Alananzeh, I., & Ellwood, L. (2020). Implications for COVID-19: A systematic review of nurses’ experiences of working in acute care hospital settings during a respiratory pandemic. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 111, 103637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103637
  • Fırat, M., Kanbay, Y., Utkan, M., Gökmen, B. D., & Okanlı, A. (2021). COVID-19 pandemisinde hizmet veren sağlık çalışanlarının psikososyal zorlanmaları: Türkiyeden nitel bir çalışma. Gevher Nesıbe Journal of Medıcal and Health Scıences, 6(13), 74-80. https://doi.org/10.46648/gnj.240
  • Hiçdurmaz, D., Üzar-Özçetin, Y.S. (2020). COVID-19 pandemisinde ön safta çalışan hemşirelerin ruhsal sağlığının korunması ve ruhsal travmanın önlenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi, 7 (Özel Sayı), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.31125/hunhemsire.775531
  • Horesh, D., & Brown, A. D. (2020). Traumatic stress in the age of COVID-19: A call to close critical gaps and adapt to new realities. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 12(4), 331.
  • Hoşgör, D. G., Tanyel, T. Ç., Saadet, C. İ. N., & Demirsoy, S. B. (2021). COVID-19 pandemisi döneminde sağlik çalişanlarinda tükenmişlik: İstanbul ili örneği. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(2), 372-386. International Council of Nurses (2020). www.icn.ch/news/nursing-world-health-icn-announces-theme-international-nurses-day-2020, Erişim tarihi:16.05.2024).
  • Kang, Y. J. (2020). Mortality rate of infection with COVID-19 in Korea from the perspective of underlying disease. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness, 14(3), 384-386. https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2020.60
  • Lai, J., Ma, S., Wang, Y., Cai, Z., Hu, J., Wei, N., ... & Hu, S. (2020). Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA network open, 3(3), e203976-e203976. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976
  • Munawar, K., & Choudhry, F. R. (2021). Exploring stress coping strategies of frontline emergency health workers dealing Covid-19 in Pakistan: A qualitative inquiry. American journal of infection control, 49(3), 286-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.06.214
  • Otu, A., Charles, CH., Yaya, S. (2020). Mental health and psychosocial well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: The invisible elephant in the room. Int J Ment Health Syst, 14, 38. doi.org/10.1186/s13033-020-00371
  • Özaydın, Ö., & Güdük, Ö. (2021). COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Sağlık Çalışanlarının Yaşadıkları Mental Sorunlar. Yüksek İhtisas Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2, 83-90. https://doi.org/10.51261/yiu.2021.00035
  • Sandelowski, M. (2010). What's in a name? Qualitative description revisited. Research in nursing & health, 33(1), 77-84. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.20362
  • Saricam, M. (2020). COVID-19-Related anxiety in nurses working on front lines in Turkey. Nursing and Midwifery Studies, 9(3), 178-178.
  • Sertöz, Ö., Kuman Tunçel, Ö., Sertöz, N., Hepdurgun, C., İşman Haznedaroğlu, D., Bor C (2021). Üçüncü basamak bir üniversite hastanesinde covid-19 pandemisinde sağlık çalışanlarında tükenmişlik: psikolojik destek ihtiyacının değerlendirilmesi. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 32(2), 75-86. https://doi.org/10.5080/u25964
  • Simione, L., & Gnagnarella, C. (2020). Differences between health workers and general population in risk perception, behaviors, and psychological distress related to COVID-19 spread in Italy. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 2166.
  • Tuncay, F. E., Koyuncu, E., & Özel, Ş. (2020). Pandemilerde sağlık çalışanlarının psikososyal sağlığını etkileyen koruyucu ve risk faktörlerine ilişkin bir derleme. Ankara Medical Journal, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.5505/amj.2020.02418
  • Wang, H., Feng, J., Shao, L., Wei, J., Wang, X., Xu, X., ... & Liang, T. (2020). Contingency management strategies of the Nursing Department in centralized rescue of patients with coronavirus disease 2019.
  • International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 7(2), 139-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.04.001 Willard-Grace, R., Knox, M., Huang, B., Hammer, H., Kivlahan, C., & Grumbach, K. (2019). Burnout and health care workforce turnover. The Annals of Family Medicine, 17(1), 36-41. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.2338
  • World Health Organization. (2021). Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Erişim Adresi: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-COVID-19-final-report.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 17 Kasım 2021.
  • Xiong, Y., & Peng, L. (2020). Focusing on health-care providers' experiences in the COVID-19 crisis. The Lancet Global Health, 8(6), e740-e741. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30214-X
  • Yiğit, D., & Açıkgöz, A. (2021). Anxiety and death anxiety levels of nurses in the COVID-19 pandemic and affecting factors. Journal of Education & Research in Nursing/Hemşirelikte Eğitim ve Araştırma Dergisi, 18. https://doi.org/10.5152/jern.2021.35683
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Mental Health Nursing
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Esin Görgün Dolap 0000-0003-4507-0726

Aysel Karaca 0009-0008-2704-750X

Publication Date December 25, 2024
Submission Date April 1, 2024
Acceptance Date June 11, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 13 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Görgün Dolap, E., & Karaca, A. (2024). Psychosocial Problems and Coping Methods Experienced by the Nurses Working in Pandemic Clinics. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(3), 505-515. https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1462909

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