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Developmental Status of Thoracic Limb Bones of 40-Day-Old Watchdog Hybrid Fetus

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 653 - 656, 25.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1530341

Abstract

Objective: In this study, the developmental status of the thoracic Limb bones of a 40-day-old watchdog hybrid fetus was studied. Materials and Methods: Bones of 40-day-old animals were dyed with Inouye technique. Dissections of the bones stored in appropriate solutions were performed. Photographs were taken with a stereomicroscope and a digital camera. Measurements were taken from the dissected legs with a 150 mm Mitutoyo brand caliper. Results: It was observed that some of the thoracic limb bones of a 40-day-old watchdog hybrid had a primary ossification center (POC), while some bones did not have a primary and secondary ossification center (SOC). Primary ossification centers were observed in the bodies of the bones of the scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, and ossa metacarpus of the fore limb, but no ossification centers were observed in the proximal and distal ends. Furthermore, ossification centers were not observed in the carpal bones and ossa digitorum manus. Conclusion: The formation status and dimensions of POC seen in the bones of the forelimbs of a 40-day-old guard dog hybrid fetus were determined. The ossification centers in guard dog hybrid fetuses were consistent with studies conducted in a large number of domestic animals. As a result, it should mark the ossification in various features such as hormones, environmental factors, and individual variations.

References

  • Atalgın, H., Kürtül, I., & Bozkurt, E. U. (2007). Postnatal osteological development of hyoid bone in the New Zealand White Rabbit. Veterinary Research Communications, 31, 653-660. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-007-3475-9.
  • Atalgın, Ş. H., & Çakır, A. (2006). Yeni Zelanda Tavşanında Os Coxae ve Femur’un Postnatal Osteolojik Gelişimi. Ankara Üniversitesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 53, 155-159. https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000000093
  • Atalgın, Ş. H., & Kürtül, I. (2009). A morphological study of skeletal development in Turkey during the prehatching stage. Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia, 38, 23-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-264.2008.00887.x
  • Ateş, S., Atalgın, Ş. H., Kürtül, İ., & Takçı, L. (2017). 80 günlük yaban domuzu fötüslerinde ön ve arka extremitelerin kemikleşme ve gelişimleri. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 64-69. https://doi.org/10.5505/bsbd.2017.48802
  • Barone, R. (1986). Anatomie comparée des mammifères domestiques: Ostéologie. Paris: Vigot Frères, 461-521. Chapman, W. L. (1965). Appearance of ossification centers and epiphysial closures as determined by radiographic techniques. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 147, 138-141.
  • Doguer, S., & Erencin, Z. (1962). Evcil hayvanların komparativ osteolojisi (pp. 251-282). Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi.
  • Dyce, K. M., Sack, W. O., & Wensing, C. J. G. (1987). Textbook of veterinary anatomy (pp. 67-76). London: W.B. Saunders Company.
  • Evans, H. E., & Sack, W. O. (1973). Prenatal development of domestic and laboratory mammals: growth curves, external features and selected references. 2: 11-45.
  • Getty, R. (1975). The Anatomy of The Domestic Animals (pp. 271-296). London: W.B. Saunders Company. Govindarajan, V., & Overbeek, P. A. (n.d.). (2006). FGF9 can induce endochondral ossification in cranial mesenchyme. BMC. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-213X-6-7
  • Hare, W. C. D. (1961). The ages at which the centers of ossification appear roentgenographically in the limb bones of the dog. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 90, 825-835.
  • Olgun, M. (1978). Ankara keçisi iskelet kemiklerinde postnatal kemiklerin anatomik yönden araştırılması (Doctoral dissertation). Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Patton, J. T., & Kaufman, M. H. (1995). The timing of ossification of the limb bones, and growth rates of various long bones of the fore and hind limbs of the prenatal and early postnatal laboratory mouse. Journal of Anatomy, 186, 175-185.
  • Paul, C., & Hodges, J. R. (1953). Ossification in the fetal pig: A radiographic study. Anatomical Record, 116, 315-325. https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091160308
  • Williams, P. L., & Dyson, M. (1989). Gray’s anatomy (pp. 279-322). London: The Both Press.
  • Zhang X, Siclari VA, Lan S, Zhu J, Koyama E, Dupuis HL, Iwamoto ME, Beier F, Qin L. (2011). The Critical Role of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Endochondral Ossification. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 26 (11): 2622–2633. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.502

40 Günlük Bekçi Köpeği Melezi Ön Ekstremite Gelişme Durumu

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 653 - 656, 25.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1530341

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırmada 40 günlük bekçi köpeği melezinin ön extremite gelişim durumu üzerinde çalışılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Inouye tekniğine göre alizarin red ve alcian blue ile 40 günlük hayvanlara ait kemikler boyandı. Uygun solüsyonlarda saklanan kemiklerin diseksiyonları yapıldı. Stereomikroskop ve dijital kamera ile fotoğrafları çekildi. Diseke edilen bacaklardan 150 mm'lik mitutoyo marka kumpas ile ölçümler alındı. Bulgular: 40 günlük bekçi köpeği melezinin ön extremite kemiklerinin bazılarında primer ossifikasyon merkezine sahipken bazı kemikler primer ve sekonder ossifikasyon merkezine sahip olmadıkları gözlendi. Ön extremite kemiklerinden scapula, humerus, radius, ulna ve ossa metacarpus’a ait kemiklerin corpus’larında primer ossifikasyon merkezi gözlenirken proximal ve distal uçlarında ossifikasyon merkezi gözlemlenmedi. Ayrıca karpal kemikler ve ossa digitorum manus’ta ossifikasyon merkezlerini gözlemlenmedi. Sonuç: Yapılan çalışmada, 40 günlük bir bekçi köpeği melez fetüsünün ön ayaklarının kemik gelişiminde görülen POC (primary ossification center)'un oluşum durumu ve boyutları belirlendi. Bekçi köpeği melez fetüslerindeki kemikleşme merkezleri çoğunlukla evcil hayvanlarda yapılan çalışmalarla uyuşuyordu. Sonuç olarak, beslenme alışkanlıkları, hormonlar, çevresel faktörler ve kişisel farklılıklar gibi çeşitli faktörlerin kemikleşmeyi etkilediğini belirtmek gerekir.

References

  • Atalgın, H., Kürtül, I., & Bozkurt, E. U. (2007). Postnatal osteological development of hyoid bone in the New Zealand White Rabbit. Veterinary Research Communications, 31, 653-660. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-007-3475-9.
  • Atalgın, Ş. H., & Çakır, A. (2006). Yeni Zelanda Tavşanında Os Coxae ve Femur’un Postnatal Osteolojik Gelişimi. Ankara Üniversitesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 53, 155-159. https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000000093
  • Atalgın, Ş. H., & Kürtül, I. (2009). A morphological study of skeletal development in Turkey during the prehatching stage. Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia, 38, 23-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-264.2008.00887.x
  • Ateş, S., Atalgın, Ş. H., Kürtül, İ., & Takçı, L. (2017). 80 günlük yaban domuzu fötüslerinde ön ve arka extremitelerin kemikleşme ve gelişimleri. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 64-69. https://doi.org/10.5505/bsbd.2017.48802
  • Barone, R. (1986). Anatomie comparée des mammifères domestiques: Ostéologie. Paris: Vigot Frères, 461-521. Chapman, W. L. (1965). Appearance of ossification centers and epiphysial closures as determined by radiographic techniques. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 147, 138-141.
  • Doguer, S., & Erencin, Z. (1962). Evcil hayvanların komparativ osteolojisi (pp. 251-282). Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi.
  • Dyce, K. M., Sack, W. O., & Wensing, C. J. G. (1987). Textbook of veterinary anatomy (pp. 67-76). London: W.B. Saunders Company.
  • Evans, H. E., & Sack, W. O. (1973). Prenatal development of domestic and laboratory mammals: growth curves, external features and selected references. 2: 11-45.
  • Getty, R. (1975). The Anatomy of The Domestic Animals (pp. 271-296). London: W.B. Saunders Company. Govindarajan, V., & Overbeek, P. A. (n.d.). (2006). FGF9 can induce endochondral ossification in cranial mesenchyme. BMC. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-213X-6-7
  • Hare, W. C. D. (1961). The ages at which the centers of ossification appear roentgenographically in the limb bones of the dog. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 90, 825-835.
  • Olgun, M. (1978). Ankara keçisi iskelet kemiklerinde postnatal kemiklerin anatomik yönden araştırılması (Doctoral dissertation). Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Patton, J. T., & Kaufman, M. H. (1995). The timing of ossification of the limb bones, and growth rates of various long bones of the fore and hind limbs of the prenatal and early postnatal laboratory mouse. Journal of Anatomy, 186, 175-185.
  • Paul, C., & Hodges, J. R. (1953). Ossification in the fetal pig: A radiographic study. Anatomical Record, 116, 315-325. https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091160308
  • Williams, P. L., & Dyson, M. (1989). Gray’s anatomy (pp. 279-322). London: The Both Press.
  • Zhang X, Siclari VA, Lan S, Zhu J, Koyama E, Dupuis HL, Iwamoto ME, Beier F, Qin L. (2011). The Critical Role of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Endochondral Ossification. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 26 (11): 2622–2633. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.502
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Şükrü Hakan Atalgın 0000-0001-9436-6270

Mustafa Korkmaz 0000-0002-4493-0643

Semih Yilmaz 0009-0008-1933-9350

Publication Date December 25, 2024
Submission Date August 8, 2024
Acceptance Date November 4, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 13 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Atalgın, Ş. H., Korkmaz, M., & Yilmaz, S. (2024). Developmental Status of Thoracic Limb Bones of 40-Day-Old Watchdog Hybrid Fetus. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(3), 653-656. https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1530341

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