Postür Bozukluğu Olan Hastalarda Aletli Pilatesin Denge, Yorgunluk, Postür ve Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri
Year 2025,
Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 711 - 721, 31.10.2025
Ergün Kılınç
,
Sanem Şener
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, postür bozukluğu olan bireylerde Aletli Pilates egzersizlerinin denge, yorgunluk, postür ve yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya, fizyoterapist eşliğinde haftada iki kez aletli Pilates egzersizlerine katılan 30 gönüllü birey dahil edilmiştir. Egzersiz programı 10 hafta sürmüştür. Katılımcıların yaşam kaliteleri SF-36 formu ile, denge durumları Berg Denge Skalası ile, yorgunluk düzeyleri Yorgunluk Şiddeti Skalası (FSS) ile ve postürleri PostureScreen Mobile® uygulaması ile egzersiz öncesi ve sonrası değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Aletli Pilates egzersizleri sonrasında katılımcıların denge değerlerinde ve yaşam kalitesinin tüm alt boyutlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı artış gözlenmiştir (p<0.05). Yorgunluk düzeylerinde anlamlı bir azalma saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Postür analizinde, omuzun anterior değerlendirmesi hariç tüm parametrelerde anlamlı iyileşme elde edilmiştir (p<0.05). Sonuç: Haftada iki gün uygulanan aletli Pilates egzersizlerinin, postür bozukluğu olan bireylerde denge, yorgunluk, postür ve yaşam kalitesi üzerinde olumlu etkileri olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Ethical Statement
Çalışma, İstanbul Arel Üniversitesi Etik Kurulu’ndan 26.02.2020 tarih ve 69396709-050:01.04 sayılı onay alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca, çalışma Dünya Tıp Birliği Helsinki Bildirgesi’ne uygun olarak yürütülmüş ve tüm katılımcılardan yazılı ve sözlü onam alınmıştır.
References
-
Abonie, U. S., Ackah, M., & Kelly, M. (2025). Effectiveness of Pilates on fatigue in persons with chronic conditions: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Disability and Rehabilitation, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2025.2512406
-
Aibar-Almazán, A., Hita-Contreras, F., Cruz-Díaz, D., De La Torre-Cruz, M., Jiménez-García, J. D., & Martínez-Amat, A. (2019). Effects of Pilates training on sleep quality, anxiety, depression and fatigue in postmenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial. Maturitas, 124, 62–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.03.019
-
Arik, M. I., Kiloatar, H., & Saracoglu, I. (2022). Do Pilates exercises improve balance in patients with multiple sclerosis? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, 57, 103410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2021.103410
-
Armutlu, K., Korkmaz, N. C., Keser, I., Sumbuloglu, V., Akbiyik, D. I., Guney, Z., & Karabudak, R. (2007). The validity and reliability of the Fatigue Severity Scale in Turkish multiple sclerosis patients. International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptation, 30(1), 81–85. https://doi.org/10.1097/MRR.0b013e3280146ec4
-
Berg, K. O., Maki, B. E., & Williams, K. I. (1992). Clinical and laboratory measures of postural balance in an elderly population. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 73, 1073–1080.
-
Boland, D. M., Neufeld, E. V., Ruddell, J., Dolezal, B. A., & Cooper, C. B. (2016). Inter- and intra-rater agreement of static posture analysis using a mobile application. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 28(12), 3398–3402. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.3398
-
Bullo, V., Bergamin, M., Gobbo, S., Sieverdes, J. C., Zaccaria, M., Neunhaeuserer, D., & Ermolao, A. (2015). The effects of Pilates exercise training on physical fitness and wellbeing in the elderly: A systematic review for future exercise prescription. Preventive Medicine, 75, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.03.002
-
Çağlayan, B. Ç., Aras, B., Aras, Ö., & Süt, N. (2021). Effects of clinical Pilates exercises in individuals with fibromyalgia: A randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Rheumatology, 8(1), 32–37. https://doi.org/10.5152/eurjrheum.2020.20037
-
Centemeri, R., Riva, M. A., Belingheri, M., Paladino, M. E., D'Orso, M. I., & Intra, J. (2024). The clinical challenge of identifying postural changes associated with musculoskeletal disorders in a population of adolescents: The evaluation of a diagnostic approach. Biomedicines, 12(10), 2168. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12102168
-
Cruz-Ferreira, A., Fernandes, J., Kuo, Y.-L., Bernardo, L. M., Fernandes, O., Laranjo, L., & Silva, A. (2013). Does Pilates-based exercise improve postural alignment in adult women? Women & Health, 53(6),597-611. https://doi.org/10.1080/03630242.2013.817505
-
Çoban, O. (2021). Denge yetisinin incelenmesi. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(3), 58–80.
-
Długosz-Boś, M., Filar-Mierzwa, K., Stawarz, R., Ścisłowska-Czarnecka, A., Jankowicz-Szymańska, A., & Bac, A. (2021). Effect of three months Pilates training on balance and fall risk in older women. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7), 3663. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073663
-
Emery, K., De Serres, S. J., McMillan, A., & Côté, J. N. (2010). The effects of a Pilates training program on arm-trunk posture and movement. Clinical Biomechanics (Bristol, Avon), 25(2), 124–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2009.10.003
-
Eroğlu, A., Erden, Z., & Tekindal, M. A. (2013). The effects of Pilates exercises on posture, flexibility and musculoskeletal symptoms in sedentary women. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 17(3), 273–281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2013.03.006
-
Feldman, R., Schreiber, S., Pick, C. G., & Been, E. (2020). Gait, balance and posture in major mental illnesses: Depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia. Austin Medical Sciences, 5(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.32508/amj.v5i1.1384
Fleming, K. M., Coote, S. B., & Herring, M. P. (2021). Home-based Pilates for symptoms of anxiety, depression and fatigue among persons with multiple sclerosis: An 8-week randomized controlled trial. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 27(14), 2267–2279. https://doi.org/10.1177/135245852110092
-
García-Soidán, J. L., Giraldez, V. A., Cachón Zagalaz, J., & Lara-Sánchez, A. J. (2014). Does Pilates exercise increase physical activity, quality of life, latency, and sleep quantity in middle-aged people?. Perceptual and motor skills, 119(3), 838–850. https://doi.org/10.2466/29.25.PMS.119c30z9
-
Hopkins, B. B., Vehrs, P. R., Fellingham, G. W., George, J. D., Hager, R., & Ridge, S. T. (2019). Validity and reliability of standing posture measurements using a mobile application. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 42(2), 132–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2019.02.003
-
Jobe, C. M., Phipatanakul, W. P., & Coen, M. J. (2009). Gross anatomy of the shoulder. In C. A. Rockwood Jr., F. A. Matsen III, M. A. Wirth, & S. L. Burkhead (Eds.), The shoulder (4th ed., Vol. 1, pp. 213, 233). Saunders Elsevier.
Katayıfçı, N., Düger, T., & Ünal, E. (2016). Sağlıklı bireylerde klinik Pilates egzersizlerinin fiziksel uygunluk üzerine etkisi. Journal of Exercise Therapy and Rehabilitation, 1, 17–21.
-
Koçyiğit, H. (1999). Turkish validity and reliability of the Short Form-36. İlaç ve Tedavi Dergisi, 12, 102–106.
Kibar, S., Yardımcı, B., Tetik, S., & Aksoy, S. (2017). Clinical Pilates exercises influence on postural alignment, pain and quality of life in office workers. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 33(6), 483–489. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593985.2017.1289578
-
Kisner, C., Colby, L. A., & Borstad, J. (2017). Therapeutic exercise: Foundations and techniques (7th ed.). F.A. Davis.
-
Kloubec, J. A. (2010). Pilates for improvement of muscle endurance, flexibility, balance, and posture. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(3), 661–667. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c277a6
-
Lee, S. M., Lee, C. H., O'Sullivan, D., Jung, J. H., & Park, J. J. (2016). Clinical effectiveness of a Pilates treatment for forward head posture. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 28(7), 2009–2013. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.2009
-
Lim, E. J., & Park, J. E. (2019). The effects of Pilates and yoga participants on engagement in functional movement and individual health level. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 15(4), 553–559. https://doi.org/10.12965/jer.1938280.140
-
Marshall, P. W., Schabrun, S., & Knox, M. F. (2017). Physical activity and the mediating effect of fear, depression, anxiety, and catastrophizing on pain related disability in people with chronic low back pain. PLOS ONE, 12(7), e0180788. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180788
-
Mazzarino, M., Kerr, D., Wajswelner, H., & Morris, M. E. (2015). Pilates Method for Women's Health: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 96(12), 2231–2242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2015.04.005
-
Meikis, L., Wicker, P., & Donath, L. (2021). Effects of Pilates training on physiological and psychological health parameters in healthy older adults and in older adults with clinical conditions over 55 years: A meta-analytical review. Frontiers in Neurology, 12, 724218. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.724218
-
Michener, L. A., McClure, P. W., & Karduna, A. R. (2003). Anatomical And Biomechanical Mechanisms of Subacromial Impingement Syndrome. Clinical Biomechanics, 18(5), 369-379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2003.04.003
-
Mirzaei, E., Kouhnavard, B., Daneshmandi, H., Seif, M., & Zamanian, Z. (2024). Determining the effect of environmental factors, work postures and mental workload on musculoskeletal disorders in rescue workers and accidents of one of the water and sewage companies in Iran. Work, 78(4), 969–981. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-230250
-
Natour, J., Cazotti, L.deA., Ribeiro, L. H., Baptista, A. S., & Jones, A. (2015). Pilates improves pain, function and quality of life in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Clinical rehabilitation, 29(1), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215514538981
-
Oliveira, L. C. de, Oliveira, R. G. de, & Pires-Oliveira, D. A. A. (2015). Effects of Pilates on muscle strength, postural balance and quality of life of older adults: A randomized, controlled, clinical trial. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 27(3), 871–876. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.871
-
Razak, N. A., Azhar, Z. I., Ismail, Z., Azman, Z. A. M., Manap, S. A. A., Ramli, N., & Mun, C. C. (2024). Impact of Pilates exercise on quality of life, functional capacity, cancer-related fatigue, depression and salivary cortisol of colorectal cancer survivors: A quasi-experimental study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 25(8), 2895–2902. https://doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.8.2895
-
Roller, M., Kachingwe, A., Beling, J., Ickes, D. M., Cabot, A., & Shrier, G. (2018). Pilates Reformer Exercises For Fall Risk Reduction in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 22(4), 983-998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.09.004
-
Ruas, C. V., & Vieira, E. R. (2017). Do muscle strength imbalances and low flexibility levels lead to low back pain? A brief review. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 21(4), 857–861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.04.007
-
Sahin, F., Yilmaz, F., Ozmaden, A., Kotevolu, N., Sahin, T., & Kuran, B. (2008). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Berg Balance Scale. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 31(1), 32–37. https://doi.org/10.1519/00139143-200831010-00006
-
Segal, N. A., Hein, J., & Basford, J. R. (2004). The effects of Pilates training on flexibility and body composition: An observational study. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 85(12), 1977–1981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2004.01.036
-
Sekendiz, B., Altun, Ö., Korkusuz, F., & Aktop, A. (2007). Effects of Pilates exercise on trunk strength, endurance and flexibility in sedentary adult females. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 11(4), 318–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2006.12.002
-
Uzun, M. (2017). Omuz-boyun postür problemi olan yetişkin hastalarda klinik Pilates egzersizlerinin postüre etkisinin belirlenmesi (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi, Gaziantep.
-
Valachi, B., & Valachi, K. (2003). Mechanisms leading to musculoskeletal disorders in dentistry. Journal of the American Dental Association (1939), 134(10), 1344–1350. https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.2003.0048
-
Vieira, F. T., Faria, L. M., Wittmann, J. I., Teixeira, W., & Nogueira, L. A. (2013). The influence of Pilates method in quality of life of practitioners. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 17(4), 483–487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2013.03.006
-
Warburton, D. E., & Bredin, S. S. (2016). Reflections on physical activity and health: what should we recommend?. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 32(4), 495-504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2016.01.024
The Effects of Instrument Pilates on Balance, Fatigue, Posture and Quality of Life in Patients with Postural Disorder
Year 2025,
Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 711 - 721, 31.10.2025
Ergün Kılınç
,
Sanem Şener
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of instrumental Pilates training on balance, fatigue, posture, and quality of life in individuals with postural disorders. Materials and Methods: The study involved 30 volunteer participants who engaged in instrumental Pilates exercises twice a week under the guidance of a physiotherapist for 10 weeks. The participants' quality of life was assessed using the SF-36, balance using the Berg Balance Scale, fatigue using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and posture using the PostureScreen Mobile® application before and after the intervention. Results: Statistically significant improvements were observed in participants’ balance and all sub-dimensions of quality of life following the Instrumental Pilates training (p < 0.05). Fatigue levels significantly decreased (p<0.05), and significant improvements were found in all posture parameters except anterior shoulder alignment (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Instrumental Pilates exercises performed twice a week had positive effects on balance, fatigue, posture, and quality of life in individuals with postural disorders.
Ethical Statement
The study was conducted with the approval of the Ethics Committee of Istanbul Arel University, dated 26.02.2020 and numbered 69396709-050:01.04. Furthermore, the study was carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association, and written and verbal consent was obtained from all participants.
Supporting Institution
No financial support has been received
References
-
Abonie, U. S., Ackah, M., & Kelly, M. (2025). Effectiveness of Pilates on fatigue in persons with chronic conditions: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Disability and Rehabilitation, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2025.2512406
-
Aibar-Almazán, A., Hita-Contreras, F., Cruz-Díaz, D., De La Torre-Cruz, M., Jiménez-García, J. D., & Martínez-Amat, A. (2019). Effects of Pilates training on sleep quality, anxiety, depression and fatigue in postmenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial. Maturitas, 124, 62–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.03.019
-
Arik, M. I., Kiloatar, H., & Saracoglu, I. (2022). Do Pilates exercises improve balance in patients with multiple sclerosis? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, 57, 103410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2021.103410
-
Armutlu, K., Korkmaz, N. C., Keser, I., Sumbuloglu, V., Akbiyik, D. I., Guney, Z., & Karabudak, R. (2007). The validity and reliability of the Fatigue Severity Scale in Turkish multiple sclerosis patients. International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptation, 30(1), 81–85. https://doi.org/10.1097/MRR.0b013e3280146ec4
-
Berg, K. O., Maki, B. E., & Williams, K. I. (1992). Clinical and laboratory measures of postural balance in an elderly population. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 73, 1073–1080.
-
Boland, D. M., Neufeld, E. V., Ruddell, J., Dolezal, B. A., & Cooper, C. B. (2016). Inter- and intra-rater agreement of static posture analysis using a mobile application. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 28(12), 3398–3402. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.3398
-
Bullo, V., Bergamin, M., Gobbo, S., Sieverdes, J. C., Zaccaria, M., Neunhaeuserer, D., & Ermolao, A. (2015). The effects of Pilates exercise training on physical fitness and wellbeing in the elderly: A systematic review for future exercise prescription. Preventive Medicine, 75, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.03.002
-
Çağlayan, B. Ç., Aras, B., Aras, Ö., & Süt, N. (2021). Effects of clinical Pilates exercises in individuals with fibromyalgia: A randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Rheumatology, 8(1), 32–37. https://doi.org/10.5152/eurjrheum.2020.20037
-
Centemeri, R., Riva, M. A., Belingheri, M., Paladino, M. E., D'Orso, M. I., & Intra, J. (2024). The clinical challenge of identifying postural changes associated with musculoskeletal disorders in a population of adolescents: The evaluation of a diagnostic approach. Biomedicines, 12(10), 2168. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12102168
-
Cruz-Ferreira, A., Fernandes, J., Kuo, Y.-L., Bernardo, L. M., Fernandes, O., Laranjo, L., & Silva, A. (2013). Does Pilates-based exercise improve postural alignment in adult women? Women & Health, 53(6),597-611. https://doi.org/10.1080/03630242.2013.817505
-
Çoban, O. (2021). Denge yetisinin incelenmesi. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(3), 58–80.
-
Długosz-Boś, M., Filar-Mierzwa, K., Stawarz, R., Ścisłowska-Czarnecka, A., Jankowicz-Szymańska, A., & Bac, A. (2021). Effect of three months Pilates training on balance and fall risk in older women. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7), 3663. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073663
-
Emery, K., De Serres, S. J., McMillan, A., & Côté, J. N. (2010). The effects of a Pilates training program on arm-trunk posture and movement. Clinical Biomechanics (Bristol, Avon), 25(2), 124–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2009.10.003
-
Eroğlu, A., Erden, Z., & Tekindal, M. A. (2013). The effects of Pilates exercises on posture, flexibility and musculoskeletal symptoms in sedentary women. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 17(3), 273–281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2013.03.006
-
Feldman, R., Schreiber, S., Pick, C. G., & Been, E. (2020). Gait, balance and posture in major mental illnesses: Depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia. Austin Medical Sciences, 5(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.32508/amj.v5i1.1384
Fleming, K. M., Coote, S. B., & Herring, M. P. (2021). Home-based Pilates for symptoms of anxiety, depression and fatigue among persons with multiple sclerosis: An 8-week randomized controlled trial. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 27(14), 2267–2279. https://doi.org/10.1177/135245852110092
-
García-Soidán, J. L., Giraldez, V. A., Cachón Zagalaz, J., & Lara-Sánchez, A. J. (2014). Does Pilates exercise increase physical activity, quality of life, latency, and sleep quantity in middle-aged people?. Perceptual and motor skills, 119(3), 838–850. https://doi.org/10.2466/29.25.PMS.119c30z9
-
Hopkins, B. B., Vehrs, P. R., Fellingham, G. W., George, J. D., Hager, R., & Ridge, S. T. (2019). Validity and reliability of standing posture measurements using a mobile application. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 42(2), 132–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2019.02.003
-
Jobe, C. M., Phipatanakul, W. P., & Coen, M. J. (2009). Gross anatomy of the shoulder. In C. A. Rockwood Jr., F. A. Matsen III, M. A. Wirth, & S. L. Burkhead (Eds.), The shoulder (4th ed., Vol. 1, pp. 213, 233). Saunders Elsevier.
Katayıfçı, N., Düger, T., & Ünal, E. (2016). Sağlıklı bireylerde klinik Pilates egzersizlerinin fiziksel uygunluk üzerine etkisi. Journal of Exercise Therapy and Rehabilitation, 1, 17–21.
-
Koçyiğit, H. (1999). Turkish validity and reliability of the Short Form-36. İlaç ve Tedavi Dergisi, 12, 102–106.
Kibar, S., Yardımcı, B., Tetik, S., & Aksoy, S. (2017). Clinical Pilates exercises influence on postural alignment, pain and quality of life in office workers. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 33(6), 483–489. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593985.2017.1289578
-
Kisner, C., Colby, L. A., & Borstad, J. (2017). Therapeutic exercise: Foundations and techniques (7th ed.). F.A. Davis.
-
Kloubec, J. A. (2010). Pilates for improvement of muscle endurance, flexibility, balance, and posture. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(3), 661–667. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c277a6
-
Lee, S. M., Lee, C. H., O'Sullivan, D., Jung, J. H., & Park, J. J. (2016). Clinical effectiveness of a Pilates treatment for forward head posture. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 28(7), 2009–2013. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.2009
-
Lim, E. J., & Park, J. E. (2019). The effects of Pilates and yoga participants on engagement in functional movement and individual health level. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 15(4), 553–559. https://doi.org/10.12965/jer.1938280.140
-
Marshall, P. W., Schabrun, S., & Knox, M. F. (2017). Physical activity and the mediating effect of fear, depression, anxiety, and catastrophizing on pain related disability in people with chronic low back pain. PLOS ONE, 12(7), e0180788. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180788
-
Mazzarino, M., Kerr, D., Wajswelner, H., & Morris, M. E. (2015). Pilates Method for Women's Health: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 96(12), 2231–2242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2015.04.005
-
Meikis, L., Wicker, P., & Donath, L. (2021). Effects of Pilates training on physiological and psychological health parameters in healthy older adults and in older adults with clinical conditions over 55 years: A meta-analytical review. Frontiers in Neurology, 12, 724218. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.724218
-
Michener, L. A., McClure, P. W., & Karduna, A. R. (2003). Anatomical And Biomechanical Mechanisms of Subacromial Impingement Syndrome. Clinical Biomechanics, 18(5), 369-379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2003.04.003
-
Mirzaei, E., Kouhnavard, B., Daneshmandi, H., Seif, M., & Zamanian, Z. (2024). Determining the effect of environmental factors, work postures and mental workload on musculoskeletal disorders in rescue workers and accidents of one of the water and sewage companies in Iran. Work, 78(4), 969–981. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-230250
-
Natour, J., Cazotti, L.deA., Ribeiro, L. H., Baptista, A. S., & Jones, A. (2015). Pilates improves pain, function and quality of life in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Clinical rehabilitation, 29(1), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215514538981
-
Oliveira, L. C. de, Oliveira, R. G. de, & Pires-Oliveira, D. A. A. (2015). Effects of Pilates on muscle strength, postural balance and quality of life of older adults: A randomized, controlled, clinical trial. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 27(3), 871–876. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.871
-
Razak, N. A., Azhar, Z. I., Ismail, Z., Azman, Z. A. M., Manap, S. A. A., Ramli, N., & Mun, C. C. (2024). Impact of Pilates exercise on quality of life, functional capacity, cancer-related fatigue, depression and salivary cortisol of colorectal cancer survivors: A quasi-experimental study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 25(8), 2895–2902. https://doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.8.2895
-
Roller, M., Kachingwe, A., Beling, J., Ickes, D. M., Cabot, A., & Shrier, G. (2018). Pilates Reformer Exercises For Fall Risk Reduction in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 22(4), 983-998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.09.004
-
Ruas, C. V., & Vieira, E. R. (2017). Do muscle strength imbalances and low flexibility levels lead to low back pain? A brief review. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 21(4), 857–861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.04.007
-
Sahin, F., Yilmaz, F., Ozmaden, A., Kotevolu, N., Sahin, T., & Kuran, B. (2008). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Berg Balance Scale. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 31(1), 32–37. https://doi.org/10.1519/00139143-200831010-00006
-
Segal, N. A., Hein, J., & Basford, J. R. (2004). The effects of Pilates training on flexibility and body composition: An observational study. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 85(12), 1977–1981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2004.01.036
-
Sekendiz, B., Altun, Ö., Korkusuz, F., & Aktop, A. (2007). Effects of Pilates exercise on trunk strength, endurance and flexibility in sedentary adult females. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 11(4), 318–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2006.12.002
-
Uzun, M. (2017). Omuz-boyun postür problemi olan yetişkin hastalarda klinik Pilates egzersizlerinin postüre etkisinin belirlenmesi (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi, Gaziantep.
-
Valachi, B., & Valachi, K. (2003). Mechanisms leading to musculoskeletal disorders in dentistry. Journal of the American Dental Association (1939), 134(10), 1344–1350. https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.2003.0048
-
Vieira, F. T., Faria, L. M., Wittmann, J. I., Teixeira, W., & Nogueira, L. A. (2013). The influence of Pilates method in quality of life of practitioners. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 17(4), 483–487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2013.03.006
-
Warburton, D. E., & Bredin, S. S. (2016). Reflections on physical activity and health: what should we recommend?. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 32(4), 495-504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2016.01.024