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Dental Students’ Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Electronic Cigarettes: A Cross-Sectional Study from Türkiye

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 689 - 695, 31.10.2025

Abstract

Objective Dental students are expected to play a pivotal role in raising public awareness about tobacco-related products, including electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). This study aimed to assess the habits, knowledge, and attitudes of dental students toward e-cigarettes, and to examine differences between clinical and preclinical students as well as across genders. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, paper-based survey consisting of 12 items covering demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and e-cigarette use was administered to undergraduate dental students at Uşak University, Turkey. Participants were categorized as preclinical (1st–3rd year) or clinical (4th–5th year) students. Results:A total of 502 students participated (mean age: 22.1±1.8 years; 184 males, 318 females). Overall, 27.8% reported smoking cigarettes and 8.7% reported e-cigarette use. Male students had significantly higher cigarette smoking rates compared with females (43.0% vs. 19.0%, p<0.001), whereas e-cigarette use did not differ significantly by gender (12.3% vs. 6.2%, p=0.052). E-cigarette use was significantly more common among clinical students compared with preclinical students (12.3% vs. 5.2%, p=0.021). Notably, 58.8% of students reported not feeling knowledgeable about e-cigarettes, 79.2% felt unprepared to counsel patients, and 86.2% stated they had never received formal education on this subject. Conclusion: Dental students in Turkey exhibit relatively high rates of cigarette and e-cigarette use but lack adequate knowledge and confidence to counsel patients. These findings underscore the urgent need to integrate structured, evidence-based modules on tobacco and e-cigarettes into dental curricula to strengthen the role of future dentists in public health.

Ethical Statement

Yukarıda bilgileri verilen başvuru dosyası ile ilgili belgeler araştırmanın/çalışmanın gerekçe, amaç, yaklaşım ve yöntemleri dikkate alınarak incelenmiş ve uygun bulunmuş olup araştırmanın/çalışmanın başvuru dosyasında belirtilen merkezlerde gerçekleştirilmesinde etik ve bilimsel sakınca bulunmadığına toplantıya katılan etik kurul üye tam sayısının salt çoğunluğu ile karar verilmiştir.

Supporting Institution

UŞAK ÜNİVERSİTESİ GİRİŞİMSEL OLMAYAN KLİNİK ARAŞTIRMALAR ETİK KURULU

Project Number

593-593-06

References

  • Abbott, A.J., Reibel, Y.G., Arnett, M. C., Marka, N., & Drake, M.A. (2023). Journal of Dental Hygiene (Online), 97(4), 21-35.
  • Bansal, V., Hashemi, B., Raza, N., Kim, K. H., Raza, W., Kumar, P., & Brown, R. J. (2020). Review of the analytical methods for and clinical impact of additives and flavors used in electronic cigarettes. Exposure and Health, 12, 593-615. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12403-019-00331-x
  • Bhalerao, A., Sivandzade, F., Archie, S. R., & Cucullo, L. (2019). Public health policies on e-cigarettes. Current cardiology reports, 21, 1-6. 2019;21:1-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-019-1204-y
  • Börekçi, Ş., Bilir, N., & Karlıkaya, C. (2015). A New Area to Fight: Electronic Cigarette. Eurasian Journal of Pulmonology, 17(2). DOI: 10.5152/ejp.2015.65375
  • Camenga, D. R., Krishnan-Sarin, S., Davis, D. R., Bold, K. W., Kong, G., & Morean, M. E. (2022). Curiosity, use, and perceptions of “tobacco-free nicotine” E-cigarettes among US young adults. Preventive medicine, 164, 107296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107296
  • da Silva Leonel, A. C. L., Bonan, P. R. F., de Castro, J. F. L., dos Anjos Pontual, A., de Moraes Ramos-Perez, F. M., Feitosa, D. S., & da Cruz Perez, D. E. (2021). Tobacco use, attitudes, knowledge, and perception about smoking cessation counseling among Brazilian dental students: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Cancer Education, 36, 143-151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-019-01610-6
  • Ebrahimi Kalan, M., McKelvey, K., Ibrahimou, B., Trucco, E. M., & Ben Taleb, Z. (2020). The road to vaping: e-cigarette susceptibility and curiosity among US adolescents susceptible and nonsusceptible to cigarette smoking. Health Education & Behavior, 47(5), 696-705. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198120943166
  • Fang, J., Ren, J., Ren, L., Max, W., Yao, T., & Zhao, F. (2022). Electronic cigarette knowledge, attitudes and use among students at a university in Hangzhou, China. Tobacco induced diseases, 20, 09. https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/144230
  • Figueredo, C. A., Abdelhay, N., Figueredo, C. M., Catunda, R., & Gibson, M. P. (2021). The impact of vaping on periodontitis: A systematic review. Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, 7(3), 376-384. https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.360
  • Györkös, Á. I., Kulcsár, N., Hermann, P., & Kispélyi, B. (2022). The oral effects of e-cigarettes–a literature review. Stoma Edu J, 9(3-4), 109-114. https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2022.9(3-4).art.5
  • Martín Carreras‐Presas, C., Naeim, M., Hsiou, D., Somacarrera Pérez, M. L., & Messadi, D. V. (2018). The need to educate future dental professionals on E‐cigarette effects. European Journal of Dental Education, 22(4), e751-e758. https://doi.org/10.1111/eje.12390
  • Menezes, I.L., Targino, M.Ld.M., Silva, B.Ld., & Marinho, S.A. (2023) Knowledge and Habits of Brazilian Dental Students about Electronic Cigarettes. Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research. 35(23):215-28.
  • Natto, Z. S. (2020). Dental students’ knowledge and attitudes about electronic cigarettes: a cross‐sectional study at one Saudi university. Journal of dental education, 84(1), 27-33. https://doi.org/10.21815/JDE.019.162
  • Nor, N. A. M., Ismail, N., Ibrahim, F., Razak, I. A., & Ab-Murat, N. (2018). Tobacco use and attitudes towards tobacco control activities of Malaysian dental students. Archives of Orofacial Science, 13(1).
  • Obisesan, O. H., Osei, A. D., Uddin, S. I., Dzaye, O., Mirbolouk, M., Stokes, A., & Blaha, M. J. (2020). Trends in e-cigarette use in adults in the United States, 2016-2018. JAMA internal medicine, 180(10), 1394-1398.. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2817
  • O’Brien, D., Long, J., Quigley, J., Lee, C., McCarthy, A., & Kavanagh, P. (2021). Association between electronic cigarette use and tobacco cigarette smoking initiation in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 21(1), 954. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10935-1
  • Rodakowska, E., Mazur, M., Baginska, J., Sierpinska, T., La Torre, G., Ottolenghi, L., ... & Guerra, F. (2020). Smoking prevalence, attitudes and behavior among dental students in Poland and Italy. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(20), 7451. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207451
  • Rouabhia, M. (2020). Impact of electronic cigarettes on oral health: a review. J Can Dent Assoc, 86(7), 1-8. Sapru, S., Vardhan, M., Li, Q., Guo, Y., Li, X., & Saxena, D. (2020). E-cigarettes use in the United States: reasons for use, perceptions, and effects on health. Public Health, 20, 1-10.. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09572-x
  • Satpathy, N., Jena, P. K., Sahoo, M., Agarwal, S. J., Raut, K., Sahu, M., ... & Patel, A. (2024). Changes in Smoking Patterns in Turkey Before and After the Ban on Loose Cigarettes: An Ecological Perspective From Global Tobacco Surveillance Data. Cureus, 16(9). DOI: 10.7759/cureus.69657
  • Smolana, A., Loster, Z., & Loster, J. (2022). Assessment of stress burden among dental students: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of data. Dental and Medical Problems, 59(2), 301-307. doi: 10.17219/dmp/133955
  • Tong, E. K., Wolf, T., Cooke, D. T., Fairman, N., & Chen Jr, M. S. (2020). The emergence of a sustainable tobacco treatment program across the cancer care continuum: a systems approach for implementation at the University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 3241. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093241
  • Villarroel, M. A., Cha, A. E., & Vahratian, A. (2020). Electronic cigarette use among US adults, 2018. Wang, R. J., Bhadriraju, S., & Glantz, S. A. (2021). E-cigarette use and adult cigarette smoking cessation: a meta-analysis. American journal of public health, 111(2), 230-246. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305999
  • World Health Organization [WHO]. (1948, April). WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic 2017: Monitoring tobacco use and prevention policies. 2017

Diş Hekimliği Öğrencilerinin Elektronik Sigara Konusundaki Bilgi ve Tutumları: Türkiye’den Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 689 - 695, 31.10.2025

Abstract

Amaç: Diş hekimliği öğrencileri, tütün ürünleri ve elektronik sigaralar konusunda toplumun farkındalığını artırmada önemli bir rol üstlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, öğrencilerin elektronik sigaralara ilişkin bilgi, tutum ve alışkanlıklarının yanı sıra preklinik ve klinik gruplar ile cinsiyetler arasındaki farklılıkların değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Uşak Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi öğrencilerine 12 sorudan oluşan ve öğrencilerin demografik bilgilerinin, bilgi düzeylerinin, tutumlarının ve elektronik sigara kullanımlarının sorgulandığı kesitsel ve anket bazlı bir çalışma uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılar preklinik (1.–3. sınıf) ve klinik (4.–5. sınıf) öğrenciler olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 502 (184 erkek, 318 kadın) öğrenci (yaş ort. 22.1±1.8) katılmıştır. Katılımcıların %27.8’i sigara, %8.7’si elektronik sigara kullandığını bildirmiştir. Erkek öğrencilerde sigara kullanımı kadınlara göre anlamlı derecede yüksektir (erkek %43; kadın %19; p<0.001). Elektronik sigara kullanımı açısından ise erkekler (%12.3) ile kadınlar (%6.2) arasında fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır (p=0.052). Klinik öğrencilerde elektronik sigara kullanımı (%12.3), preklinik öğrencilere (%5.2) göre anlamlı derecede daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p=0.021). Öğrencilerin %58.8’i elektronik sigaralar hakkında bilgili olmadığını, %79.2’si hastalarını bilgilendirmede kendini yetersiz gördüğünü, %86.2’si ise bu konuda hiçbir eğitim almadığını belirtmiştir. Sonuç: Diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin sigara ve elektronik sigara kullanım oranları yüksek olmasına rağmen, bilgi düzeyleri ve hasta bilgilendirme konusundaki özgüvenleri yetersizdir. Bu bulgular, elektronik sigara konusunun diş hekimliği müfredatına kanıta dayalı ve yapılandırılmış dersler aracılığıyla entegre edilmesi ve böylelikle geleceğin diş hekimlerinin halk sağlığı alanındaki rolünün güçlendirilmesi gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Project Number

593-593-06

References

  • Abbott, A.J., Reibel, Y.G., Arnett, M. C., Marka, N., & Drake, M.A. (2023). Journal of Dental Hygiene (Online), 97(4), 21-35.
  • Bansal, V., Hashemi, B., Raza, N., Kim, K. H., Raza, W., Kumar, P., & Brown, R. J. (2020). Review of the analytical methods for and clinical impact of additives and flavors used in electronic cigarettes. Exposure and Health, 12, 593-615. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12403-019-00331-x
  • Bhalerao, A., Sivandzade, F., Archie, S. R., & Cucullo, L. (2019). Public health policies on e-cigarettes. Current cardiology reports, 21, 1-6. 2019;21:1-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-019-1204-y
  • Börekçi, Ş., Bilir, N., & Karlıkaya, C. (2015). A New Area to Fight: Electronic Cigarette. Eurasian Journal of Pulmonology, 17(2). DOI: 10.5152/ejp.2015.65375
  • Camenga, D. R., Krishnan-Sarin, S., Davis, D. R., Bold, K. W., Kong, G., & Morean, M. E. (2022). Curiosity, use, and perceptions of “tobacco-free nicotine” E-cigarettes among US young adults. Preventive medicine, 164, 107296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107296
  • da Silva Leonel, A. C. L., Bonan, P. R. F., de Castro, J. F. L., dos Anjos Pontual, A., de Moraes Ramos-Perez, F. M., Feitosa, D. S., & da Cruz Perez, D. E. (2021). Tobacco use, attitudes, knowledge, and perception about smoking cessation counseling among Brazilian dental students: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Cancer Education, 36, 143-151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-019-01610-6
  • Ebrahimi Kalan, M., McKelvey, K., Ibrahimou, B., Trucco, E. M., & Ben Taleb, Z. (2020). The road to vaping: e-cigarette susceptibility and curiosity among US adolescents susceptible and nonsusceptible to cigarette smoking. Health Education & Behavior, 47(5), 696-705. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198120943166
  • Fang, J., Ren, J., Ren, L., Max, W., Yao, T., & Zhao, F. (2022). Electronic cigarette knowledge, attitudes and use among students at a university in Hangzhou, China. Tobacco induced diseases, 20, 09. https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/144230
  • Figueredo, C. A., Abdelhay, N., Figueredo, C. M., Catunda, R., & Gibson, M. P. (2021). The impact of vaping on periodontitis: A systematic review. Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, 7(3), 376-384. https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.360
  • Györkös, Á. I., Kulcsár, N., Hermann, P., & Kispélyi, B. (2022). The oral effects of e-cigarettes–a literature review. Stoma Edu J, 9(3-4), 109-114. https://doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2022.9(3-4).art.5
  • Martín Carreras‐Presas, C., Naeim, M., Hsiou, D., Somacarrera Pérez, M. L., & Messadi, D. V. (2018). The need to educate future dental professionals on E‐cigarette effects. European Journal of Dental Education, 22(4), e751-e758. https://doi.org/10.1111/eje.12390
  • Menezes, I.L., Targino, M.Ld.M., Silva, B.Ld., & Marinho, S.A. (2023) Knowledge and Habits of Brazilian Dental Students about Electronic Cigarettes. Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research. 35(23):215-28.
  • Natto, Z. S. (2020). Dental students’ knowledge and attitudes about electronic cigarettes: a cross‐sectional study at one Saudi university. Journal of dental education, 84(1), 27-33. https://doi.org/10.21815/JDE.019.162
  • Nor, N. A. M., Ismail, N., Ibrahim, F., Razak, I. A., & Ab-Murat, N. (2018). Tobacco use and attitudes towards tobacco control activities of Malaysian dental students. Archives of Orofacial Science, 13(1).
  • Obisesan, O. H., Osei, A. D., Uddin, S. I., Dzaye, O., Mirbolouk, M., Stokes, A., & Blaha, M. J. (2020). Trends in e-cigarette use in adults in the United States, 2016-2018. JAMA internal medicine, 180(10), 1394-1398.. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2817
  • O’Brien, D., Long, J., Quigley, J., Lee, C., McCarthy, A., & Kavanagh, P. (2021). Association between electronic cigarette use and tobacco cigarette smoking initiation in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 21(1), 954. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10935-1
  • Rodakowska, E., Mazur, M., Baginska, J., Sierpinska, T., La Torre, G., Ottolenghi, L., ... & Guerra, F. (2020). Smoking prevalence, attitudes and behavior among dental students in Poland and Italy. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(20), 7451. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207451
  • Rouabhia, M. (2020). Impact of electronic cigarettes on oral health: a review. J Can Dent Assoc, 86(7), 1-8. Sapru, S., Vardhan, M., Li, Q., Guo, Y., Li, X., & Saxena, D. (2020). E-cigarettes use in the United States: reasons for use, perceptions, and effects on health. Public Health, 20, 1-10.. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09572-x
  • Satpathy, N., Jena, P. K., Sahoo, M., Agarwal, S. J., Raut, K., Sahu, M., ... & Patel, A. (2024). Changes in Smoking Patterns in Turkey Before and After the Ban on Loose Cigarettes: An Ecological Perspective From Global Tobacco Surveillance Data. Cureus, 16(9). DOI: 10.7759/cureus.69657
  • Smolana, A., Loster, Z., & Loster, J. (2022). Assessment of stress burden among dental students: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of data. Dental and Medical Problems, 59(2), 301-307. doi: 10.17219/dmp/133955
  • Tong, E. K., Wolf, T., Cooke, D. T., Fairman, N., & Chen Jr, M. S. (2020). The emergence of a sustainable tobacco treatment program across the cancer care continuum: a systems approach for implementation at the University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 3241. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093241
  • Villarroel, M. A., Cha, A. E., & Vahratian, A. (2020). Electronic cigarette use among US adults, 2018. Wang, R. J., Bhadriraju, S., & Glantz, S. A. (2021). E-cigarette use and adult cigarette smoking cessation: a meta-analysis. American journal of public health, 111(2), 230-246. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305999
  • World Health Organization [WHO]. (1948, April). WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic 2017: Monitoring tobacco use and prevention policies. 2017
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Periodontics
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Fatih Karaaslan 0000-0002-9899-3316

Duru Gürbüz 0009-0006-2632-8348

Project Number 593-593-06
Publication Date October 31, 2025
Submission Date April 2, 2025
Acceptance Date September 20, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 14 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Karaaslan, F., & Gürbüz, D. (2025). Dental Students’ Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Electronic Cigarettes: A Cross-Sectional Study from Türkiye. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(3), 689-695. https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1669189

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