An Alternative Way of Measuring Tensile Characteristics of Handsheets

Abstract

In this work, the laboratory-made handsheets having different grammages were obtained at certain production conditions. The tensile characteristics of the laboratory-made handsheets were analysed by using two measuring techniques. The main method for determining tensile behaviour was performed on the universal testing machine, which is a generally accepted conventional testing machine. A rheometer device was used as a second and alternative method for measuring the tensile properties of handsheets. The given data were investigated and compared with the data of conventional tensile tester. Linear least square regression was applied to analyse the association of the data from the Instron 5564 Universal Testing Machine and Hybrid Rheometer Discovery HR-2 Machine with examined tensile characteristics depending on the various grammage range. The experiments on the handsheets having different grammage groups showed that the methods give results in reasonable agreement. These results showed that there are acceptable differences in the tensile index and elastic modulus values of the samples as a function of their basis grammages.

Keywords

• handsheets
• tensile characteristics
• reometre
• universal testing machine

Laboratuvar Yapımı Kağıtların Çekme Özelliklerini Ölçmenin Alternatif Bir Yolu

Öz

Bu çalışmada, belirli üretim koşullarında farklı gramajlara sahip laboratuvar yapımı el yaprakları elde edilmiştir. Laboratuvarda üretilen el yapraklarının çekme özellikleri iki ölçüm tekniği kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çekme davranışını belirlemek için ana yöntem, genel olarak kabul edilen geleneksel bir test makinesi olan evrensel test makinesinde gerçekleştirildi. El yapraklarının çekme özelliklerini ölçmek için ikinci ve alternatif bir yöntem olarak bir reometre cihazı kullanıldı. Reometre cihazından alınan veriler incelendi ve geleneksel çekme test cihazı verileriyle karşılaştırıldı. Instron 5564 Universal Test Cihazı ve Hibrit Discovery HR-2 Reometre Cihaızndan alınan verilerin çeşitli gramaj aralığına bağlı olarak incelenen çekme özellikleriyle ilişkisini analiz etmek için doğrusal en küçük kareler regresyonu uygulandı. Farklı gramaj gruplarına sahip kağıtlar üzerinde yapılan deneyler, yöntemlerin makul bir uyum içinde sonuçlar verdiğini göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlar, numunelerin temel gramajlarının bir fonksiyonu olarak çekme indeksi ve elastik modül değerlerinde kabul edilebilir farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Laboratuvar yapımı kağıtlar
• çekme özellikleri
• reometre
• geleneksel test cihazı

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