Kuraklık Stresi Altındaki İki Akçaağaç Türünün (Acer negundo ve Acer pseudoplatanus) Fidanlarının Gaz Değişim Parametrelerinin Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Öz − Bu çalışmada, iki yaşında çıplak köklü Acer negundo ve Acer pseudoplatanus fidanlarının büyüme dönemi sonundaki yaprak gaz alışveriş parametrelerini incelenmek için sera içinde (kontrol vs. kuraklık stresi altında) ve dışında açık alan koşulları altında yetiştirilmiştir. Morfolojik özellikler yanında, net fotosentez (Anet), terleme oranı (E), stoma iletkenliği (gs), hücreler arası CO2’in ortamdaki CO2’ye oranı (Ci/Ca), anlık bitki su kullanım etkinliği (WUE=Anet/E) ve içsel (gerçek) su kullanım etkinliği (iWUE=Anet/gs) ölçülmüştür. Sonuç olarak A. pseudoplatanus fidanları A. negundo’ya göre daha fazla boy büyümesi yapmıştır. A. negundo’nun A. pseudoplatanus’tan daha yüksek Anet ve daha düşük iWUE ve Ci/Ca’ya sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kontrol uygulaması altında yetişen fidanlar, diğer uygulamalara göre daha yüksek Anet, gs, E ve daha düşük iWUE, WUE ve Ci/Ca değerlerine sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, gaz değişim parametreleri açısından iki akçaağaç türü arasında önemli bir fark bulunmamıştır. Ancak, A. negundo ve A. pseudoplanus’un kuraklığa dayanıklı bir ağaç türü olduğu söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Acer negundo
• Acer pseudoplatanus
• stoma iletkenliği
• net fotosentez
• su kullanım verimliliği

Comparison of the Gas Exchange Parameters of Two Maple Species (Acer negundo and Acer pseudoplatanus) Seedlings under Drought Stress

Abstract

In this study, two-year-old bare-root Acer negundo and Acer pseudoplatanus seedlings were grown indoors (control vs. drought-stressed) and outside the hoop house to examine leaf gas exchange parameters in the late growing period. Besides morphological features, several gas exchange parameters, such as net photosynthetic rate (Anet), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 to ambient CO2 (Ci/Ca), water use efficiency (WUE=Anet/E), intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE=Anet/gs) were measured. As a result, A. pseudoplatanus seedlings had a higher stem height growth. A. negundo had a higher Anet, and a lower iWUE and Ci/Ca than A. pseudoplatanus. Seedlings grown under control treatment had a higher Anet, gs, E, and a lower iWUE, WUE, and Ci/Ca values than other treatments. In conclusion, there was no significant difference between the two Acer species in terms of gas exchange parameters. However, it can be said that A. negundo and A. pseudoplatanus are drought resistant.

Keywords

• water use efficiency.
• Acer negundo
• Acer pseudoplatanus
• stomatal conductance
• net photosynthetic rate
• water use efficiency

References

1. Allen, C. D., Macalady, A. K., Chenchouni, H., Bachelet, D., McDowell, N., Vennetier, M., & Cobb, N. (2010). A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 259(4), 660-684.
2. Beikircher, B., Sack, L., Ganthaler, A., Losso, A., & Mayr, S. (2021). Hydraulic‐stomatal coordination in tree seedlings: tight correlation across environments and ontogeny in Acer pseudoplatanus. New Phytologist, 232(3), 1297-1310.
3. Belmecheri, S., Maxwell, R. S., Taylor, A. H., Davis, K. J., Guerrieri, R., Moore, D. J., & Rayback, S. A. (2021). Precipitation alters the CO2 effect on water use efficiency of temperate forests. Global Change Biology, 27(8), 1560-1571.
4. Canturk, U., Kulaç, Ş. (2021). The effects of climate change scenarios on Tilia ssp. in Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 193, 771. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-09546-5.
5. Comstock, J. P. (2002). Hydraulic and chemical signalling in the control of stomatal conductance and transpiration. Journal of Experimental Botany, 53(367), 195-200.
6. Davis, P. H., Mill, R. R., Kit, T. (1988) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islandans, vol. 10, pp. 114-124. Edinburgh Univ. Press, Edinburgh.
7. Dayer, S., Herrera, J. C., Dai, Z., Burlett, R., Lamarque, L. J., Delzon, S& Gambetta, G. A. (2020). The sequence and thresholds of leaf hydraulic traits underlying grapevine varietal differences in drought tolerance. Journal of Experimental Botany, 71(14), 4333-4344.
8. de Miguel, M., Sánchez-Gómez, D., Cervera, M. T., & Aranda, I. (2012). Functional and genetic characterization of gas exchange and intrinsic water use efficiency in a full-sib family of Pinus pinaster Ait. in response to drought. Tree Physiology, 32(1), 94-103.

9. Fageria, N. K., Gheyi, H. R., Carvalho, M. C. S., Moreira, A. (2016). Root growth, nutrient uptake and use efficiency by roots of tropical legume cover crops as influenced by phosphorus fertilization. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 39(6), 781–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2015.1088020
10. Guo, Q., Li, X., Niu, L., Jameson, P. E., & Zhou, W. (2021). Transcription-associated metabolomic adjustments in maize occur during combined drought and cold stress, Plant Physiology, 186(1), 677-695.
11. Gusev, A. P., Shpilevskaya, N. S., and Veselkin, D. V. (2017). The influence of Acer negundo L. on progressive successions in Belarusian landscapes. Vestn. Vitebsk. Dzyarzh. Univ., 1(94): 47–53.
12. Hauer, R. J., Wei, H., Koeser, A. K., & Dawson, J. O. (2021). Gas exchange, water use efficiency, and biomass partitioning among geographic sources of Acer saccharum subsp. saccharum and subsp. nigrum seedlings in response to water stress. Plants, 10(4), 742.
13. Hsu, P. K., Dubeaux, G., Takahashi, Y., & Schroeder, J. I. (2021). Signaling mechanisms in abscisic acid‐mediated stomatal closure. The Plant Journal, 105(2), 307-321.
14. IPCC (2014a). “Climate change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
15. IPCC (2014b.) “Climate Change 2014 Synthesis Report Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to The Fifth Assessment Report of The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,” R. K. Pachauri, L. A. Meyer, Eds., Core writing team. IPCC, Geneva, 2014.
16. Kaptan, S. (2021). Changes in forest areas and land cover and their causes using intensity analysis: the case of Alabarda forest planning unit. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 193, 387. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-09089-9
17. Kaptan, S., Durkaya, A., Durkaya, B. (2021). Investigation of land cover changes and social pressure in forest areas in Turkey: the case of Drahna Forest Planning Unit. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 14, 2647. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-08872-9
18. Koç, İ. (2021c). Examination of gas exchange parameters of Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. and Abies concolor saplings, grown under various water regime, exposed to extreme drought stress at the end of the growing season. Turkish Journal of Forest Science, 5(2), 592-605.
19. Koç, İ. (2019). Conifers Response to Water Stress: Physiological Responses and Effects on Nutrient Use Physiology. Dissertation, Michigan State University, Michigan, United States America, 171 pp.
20. Koç, İ. (2021a). Using Cedrus atlantica’s annual rings as a biomonitor in observing the changes of Ni and Co concentrations in the atmosphere, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(27), 35880–35886. Doi:10.1007/s11356-021-13272-3
21. Koç, İ. (2021b). Examining seed germination rate and seedlings gas exchange performances of some Turkish red pine provenances under water stress. Düzce University Journal of Science & Technology, 9(3), 48-60.
22. Koç, İ. (2021d). Changes That May Occur in Temperature, Rain, and Climate Types Due to Global Climate Change: The Example of Düzce. Turkish Journal of Agriculture – Food Science and Technology, 9(8), 1545-1554.
23. Koç, İ. (2021e). The Effect of Global Climate Change on Some Climate Parameters and Climate Types in Bolu. Journal of Bartin Faculty of Forestry, 23(2), 706-719.
24. Koc, I., Nzokou, P. (2018). Effects of water stress and cold treatments on the germination of two conifers (Pinus nigra and Pinus brutia) species from Turkey. Hortscience, 53(9), 259-259.
25. Koç, İ., Nzokou, P. (2022). Do various conifers respond differently to water stress? A comparative study of white pine, concolor and balsam fir. Kastamonu University Journal of Forest Faculty, 22(1),1-16
26. Koç, İ., Nzokou, P., Cregg B. (2021). Biomass allocation and nutrient use efficiency in response to water stress: Insight from experimental manipulation of balsam fir, concolor fir and white pine transplants. New Forests. Doi: 10.1007/s11056-021-09894-7
27. Kunz, J., Räder, A., & Bauhus, J. (2016). Effects of drought and rewetting on growth and gas exchange of minor European broadleaved tree species. Forests, 7(10), 239.
28. Lahr, E. C., Dunn, R. R., Frank, S. D. (2018). Variation in photosynthesis and stomatal conductance among red maple (Acer rubrum) urban planted cultivars and wildtype trees in the southeastern United States. PLoS ONE, 13(5), e0197866.
29. Lambers, H., Chapin III, F. S., Pons, T. L. (2008). Plant Physiological Ecology. (2nd ed.). New York: Springer Science & Business Media.
30. Li, P., Zhu, Y., Song, X., & Song, F. (2020). Negative effects of long-term moderate salinity and short-term drought stress on the photosynthetic performance of Hybrid Pennisetum. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 155, 93-104.
31. Liu, L., Li, D., Ma, Y., Shen, H., Zhao, S., Wang, Y. (2020). Combined application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and exogenous melatonin alleviates drought stress and improves plant growth in tobacco seedlings. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 1-14.
32. Maier, C. A., Burley, J., Cook, R., Ghezehei, S. B., Hazel, D. W., Nichols, E. G. (2019). Tree water use, water use efficiency, and carbon isotope discrimination in relation to growth potential in Populus deltoides and hybrids under field conditions. Forests, 10(11), 993.
33. Ozel, H. B., Cetin, M., Sevik, H., Varol, T., Isik, B., Yaman, B. (2021). The effects of base station as an electromagnetic radiation source on flower and cone yield and germination percentage in Pinus brutia Ten. Biologia Futura, 1-7.
34. Ozel, H. B., Sevik, H., Kaptan, S., Varol, T. (2021). Doğu Kayını (Fagus orientalis Lipsky.) bireylerinde farklı alana geliş şekillerine göre bazı morfolojik ve fizyolojik özellikler arasındaki farklılıkların incelenmesi. Journal of Bartın Faculty of Forestry, 23(2), 636-641.
35. Pang, X. Y., Yuan, X. J., Wang, A., Li, M. H., Liu, X. L., Pan, H. L., Yu, F. H., Lei, J. P. (2020). Effects of simulated warming and functional group removal on survival and growth of Abies faxoniana seedlings. The Journal of Applied Ecology, 29(3), 687-695. DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201803.010
36. Richardson, D. M., Pyšek, P., Rejmánek, M., Barbour, M. G., Panetta, F. D., West, C. J. (2000). Naturalization and invasion of alien plants: concepts and definitions. Diversity and Distributions, 6(2), 93-107.
37. Seleiman, M. F., Al-Suhaibani, N., Ali, N., Akmal, M., Alotaibi, M., Refay, Y., Dindaroglu, T., Abdul-Wajid, H. H., & Battaglia, M. L. (2021). Drought stress impacts on plants and different approaches to alleviate its adverse effects. Plants, 10(2), 259.
38. Sendall, K. M., Reich, P. B., Zhao, C., Jihua, H., Wei, J., Stefanski, A., Rice, K., Rich, R. L., Montgomery, R. A. (2015). Acclimation of photosynthetic temperature optima of temperate and boreal tree species in response to experimental forest warming. Global Change Biology, 21,1342–1257.
39. Sevik, H., & Erturk, N. (2015). Effects of drought stress on germination in fourteen provenances of Pinus brutia Ten. seeds in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 3(5), 294-299.
40. Shults, P., Nzokou, P., Koc, I. (2020). Nitrogen contributions of alley cropped Trifolium pratense may sustain short rotation woody crop yields on marginal lands. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystem, 117: 261–272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-020-10068-8
41. Soba, D., Shu, T., Runion, G. B., Prior, S. A., Fritschi, F. B., Aranjuelo, I., Sanz-Saez, A. (2020). Effects of elevated [CO2] on photosynthesis and seed yield parameters in two soybean genotypes with contrasting water use efficiency. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 178, 104154.
42. Song, X., Zhou, G., He, Q., Zhou, H. (2020). Stomatal limitations to photosynthesis and their critical water conditions in different growth stages of maize under water stress. Agricultural Water Management, 241, 106330.
43. Turkyilmaz, A., Sevik, H., Isinkaralar, K., Cetin, M. (2018). Using Acer platanoides annual rings to monitor the amount of heavy metals accumulated in air. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 190, 578. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-6956-0
44. Varol, T., Canturk, U., Cetin, M., Ozel, H. B., Sevik, H. (2021). Impacts of climate change scenarios on European ash tree (Fraxinus excelsior L.) in Turkey. Forest Ecology and Management, 491: 119199.
45. Veselkin, D. V., Dubrovin, D. I., Pustovalova, L. A. (2021). High canopy cover of invasive Acer negundo L. affects ground vegetation taxonomic richness. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 1-12.
46. Wang, Y. S. D., Yang, D., Wu, H. D., Zhang, Y. B., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, J. L. (2020). Overlapping water and nutrient use efficiencies and carbon assimilation between coexisting simple-and compound-leaved trees from a valley Savanna. Water, 12(11), 3037.
47. Xu, Y., Feng, Z., Shang, B., Yuan, X., Tarvainen, L. (2020). Limited water availability did not protect poplar saplings from water use efficiency reduction under elevated ozone. Forest Ecology and Management, 462, 117999.
48. Yaltırık, F. (1967). Acer L. In: Davis PH (ed.) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol. 2, pp. 509-519. Edinburgh; Edinburgh University Press.
49. Yaltırık, F. (1971). Yerli Akçaağaç (Acer L.) Türleri üzerinde morfolojik ve anatomik araştırmalar. İ.Ü. Orman Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 1661/179.
50. Yang, Y. J., Bi, M. H., Nie, Z. F., Jiang, H., Liu, X. D., Fang, X. W., Brodribb, T. J. (2021). Evolution of stomatal closure to optimize water‐use efficiency in response to dehydration in ferns and seed plants. New Phytologist, 230(5), 2001-2010.
51. Yigit, N., Cetin, M., Ozturk, A., Sevik, H., Cetin, S. (2019). Varitation of stomatal characteristics in broad leaved species based on habitat. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 17(6), 12859-12868.
52. Yildiz, D., Nzokou, P., Deligoz, A. Koc, I, Genc, M (2014). Chemical and physiological responses of four Turkish red pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) provenances to cold temperature treatments. European Journal of Forest Research, 133, 809–818. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-014-0798-2
53. Zhou, B., Rybski, D., Kropp., J. P. (2017). The role of city size and urban form in the surface urban heat island. Scientific Reports, 7, 4791.