Geri Dönüştürülmüş Kuşe Dergi Kağıtlarının Flotasyonla Mürekkep Giderme Sürecinin Isıl Optimizasyonu

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, 130 g/m² gramaja sahip kuşe atık dergi kağıtlarında sıcaklığın mürekkep giderme performansı üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Deneyler, hamurlaştırma ve flotasyon aşamalarında 30 °C, 40 °C, 50 °C ve 60 °C sıcaklıklarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, hamurlaştırma sonrası Etkili kalıntı mürekkep konsantrasyonu (ERIC) değerlerinin 305,7–332,3 ppm aralığında değiştiğini ve hamurlaştırma işleminin esas olarak etkili mürekkep uzaklaştırmadan ziyade mürekkep ayrışmasını teşvik ettiğini göstermiştir. Flotasyon sonrasında ise ERIC değerleri önemli ölçüde azalmış, en düşük değer 50 °C’de 190,0 ppm olarak belirlenirken, 40 °C’de 196,0 ppm elde edilmiş ve 60 °C’de tekrar artış göstererek 217,7 ppm’e ulaşmıştır. Optik özelliklerde buna paralel iyileşmeler gözlenmiş, beyazlık ve parlaklık değerleri flotasyon veriminin arttığı 40 °C koşulunda en yüksek seviyeye ulaşmıştır. Mekanik özellikler sıcaklığa doğrusal olmayan bir şekilde bağlılık göstermiş; en yüksek kopma uzunluğu (1,86 km) ve patlama indisi (1,26 kPa·m²/g) 40 °C’de elde edilirken, en yüksek yırtılma indisi (5,09 mN·m²/g) 60 °C’de belirlenmiştir. İstatistiksel analiz, flotasyon sıcaklığının ERIC, parlaklık, opaklık, kopma uzunluğu, patlama indeksi, yırtılma indeksi ve kül içeriği üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermiştir (p < 0,05); bu da sıcaklığa bağlı değişikliklerin sadece betimleyici değil, aynı zamanda istatistiksel olarak da anlamlı olduğunu doğrulamıştır. Kül içeriği sıcaklığa bağlı olarak önemli değişimler göstermiş; en yüksek kül oranı 40 °C’de (%29,79), en düşük kül oranı ise 50 °C’de (%22,67) ölçülmüştür. Bu durum, dolgu maddesi tutulumu ile hamur temizliği arasında sıcaklığa bağlı bir denge bulunduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Genel olarak bulgular, özellikle yaklaşık 40 °C seviyesindeki orta sıcaklık koşullarının mürekkep giderme verimi, mekanik performans ve yapısal bütünlük açısından en uygun dengeyi sağladığını göstermektedir. 

Keywords

• Mürekkep giderme
• sıcaklık
• flotasyon
• kuşe kağıt
• kağıt özellikleri

Thermal Optimization of Flotation Deinking for Recycled Coated Magazine Papers

Abstract

In this study, the effect of temperature on ink removal performance was investigated using coated waste magazine papers with a basis weight of 130 g/m². Experiments were conducted at 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, and 60 °C during pulping and flotation stages. The results showed that Effective residual ink concentration (ERIC) values after pulping ranged from 305.7 to 332.3 ppm, indicating that pulping primarily promoted ink detachment rather than effective ink removal. Following flotation, ERIC values significantly decreased, reaching 196.0 ppm at 40 °C and the lowest value of 190.0 ppm at 50 °C, while a higher value was observed at 60 °C (217.7 ppm). Optical properties improved accordingly, with whiteness and brightness reaching their maximum values at 40 °C, consistent with enhanced flotation efficiency. Mechanical properties exhibited a non-linear dependence on temperature, with the highest breaking length (1.86 km) and burst index (1.26 kPa·m²/g) obtained at 40 °C, whereas the highest tear index (5.09 mN·m²/g) was observed at 60 °C. Statistical analysis showed that flotation temperature had a significant effect on ERIC, brightness, opacity, breaking length, burst index, tear index, and ash content (p < 0.05), confirming that temperature-dependent changes were not only descriptive but also statistically meaningful. Ash content varied significantly, with the highest value at 40 °C (29.79%) and the lowest at 50 °C (22.67%), indicating a balance between filler retention and pulp cleanliness. Overall, the findings demonstrate that moderate temperatures, particularly around 40 °C, provide the most favorable balance between deinking efficiency, mechanical performance, and structural integrity.

Keywords

• Deinking
• temperature
• flotation
• coated paper
• paper properties

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