A Research on the Importance of User-Centered Design in Furniture

Abstract

Furniture design is an important factor influencing the quality of life. Today, more attention is paid to the comfort, safety, and health of the users in addition to the visual appearance in the design of the furniture. Therefore, it is necessary to make designs for the characteristics of the user who uses the furniture.

The user-centered design (UCD) is used in the interior design of all kinds of motor vehicles, office furnitures, educational institutions' furnitures, home furnitures and hospital furnitures, that is, every area in which the person himself/herself is located.

In this study, a general research has been carried out on the importance and necessity of implementing “UCD” in furniture design, which has been rapidly increasing recently.

Keywords

• CAD
• ergonomics
• human factor engineering
• user-centered design
• furniture

Mobilyada Kullanıcı Odaklı Tasarımın Önemi Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Öz

Mobilya tasarımı, insanın yaşam kalitesini belirleyen önemli bir etkendir. Günümüzde mobilyaların tasarımında görselliğe ek olarak kullanıcının rahatlığına, güvenliğine ve sağlığına daha fazla önem verilmektedir. Bu nedenle mobilyaları kullanan insanın yani kullanıcının özelliklerine yönelik tasarımlar yapmak gerekmektedir.

Kullanıcı odaklı tasarım; ofis mobilyalarında, eğitim kurumlarının mobilyalarında, ev mobilyalarında, hastane mobilyalarında ve her türlü motorlu taşıtların iç dizaynında yani insanın bizzat bulunduğu her alanı düzenlemekte kullanılmaktadır.

Bu çalışmada, son günlerde önemi hızla yükselişe geçen “kullanıcı odaklı tasarımın” mobilya tasarımında uygulanmasının önemi ve gerekliliği hakkında genel bir değerlendirme çalışması yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• CAD
• ergonomi
• insan faktörü mühendisliği
• kullanıcı odaklı tasarım
• mobilya

References

1. Abras C, Maloney-Krichmar D, Preece J (2004). User-centered design. Bainbridge, W. Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 37(4), 445-456.
2. Aksayar MF (2006). Türkiye Mobilya Sanayisinin Avrupa Birliği Ölçeğinde Rekabet Gücü. Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ocak, Ankara.
3. Aydoğan Ü (2015). Bilgisayar destekli tasarım yazılımlarının stratejik kullanımının değerlendirilmesi (Doctoral dissertation, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
4. Beevis D (2003). Ergonomics—costs and benefits revisited. Applied Ergonomics, 34(5), 491-496.
5. Buchanan R (2001). Human dignity and human rights: Thoughts on the principles of human-centered design. Design issues, 17(3), 35-39.
6. Cagan J, Vogel CM (2002). Creating breakthrough products: Innovation from product planning to program approval. Ft Press.
7. Cao C (2014). Electric Vehicle Design for Chinese Express Delivery Market. Chalmers University of Technology. Department of Product- and Production Development Division of Design & Human Factors. Master of Science Thesis, Sweden.
8. Coates D (2002). Watches tell more than time: Product design, information, and the quest for elegance.

9. Dodd K (2001). Research and design success. Design Management Review, 12(3), 58-62.
10. Eason KD (2005). Information technology and organisational change. CRC Press.
11. Erdem T (2007). Mobilya tarihine genel bakış ve art deco (Doctoral dissertation, İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi/Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü/İç Mimarlık ve Çevre Tasarımı Anabilim Dalı).
12. Fender JG, Crowley K (2007). How parent explanation changes what children learn from everyday scientific thinking. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 28(3), 189-210.
13. Güngör C (2009). A human factors and ergonomics awareness survey of professional personnel in the American furniture industry. Mississippi State University.
14. Hasırcı D, Demirkan H (2003). Creativity in Learning Environments: The Case of Two Sixth Grade Art‐Rooms. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 37(1), 17-41.
15. Hendrick HW (1996). Good Ergonomics Is Good Economics. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 40th Annual Meeting, https://www.hfes.org/Order/PlacePublicationOrders (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
16. International Ergonomics Association (2015). Definition and domains of ergonomics. http://www.iea.cc/whats/index.html (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
17. ISO 9241-210 (2010). Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 210. Human-centered design for interactive systems.
18. Işık K (1970). Kırıkkale Makine Kimya Endüstrisi Kurumunda Çalışan İşçilerin Konut Durumu, Bunun Sağlık ve İşe Devama Etkisi. TC Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi. Ev İdaresi ve Aile Ekonomisi. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Ankara.
19. İdemen AE (2015). Bina Ağırlık Merkezi-Rijitlik Merkezi İlişkisini Mimari Tasarım Aşamasında Kuran Bir Uzman Sistem (Doctoral dissertation, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
20. İlçe A (2007). Yoğun bakım ünitelerinde ergonomik faktörlerin incelenmesi (Doctoral dissertation, Ege Üniversitesi).
21. Jenson S (2002). The Simplicity Shift: Innovative design tactics in a corporate world. Cambridge University Press.
22. Jonathan Puleio CPE, Jenny Zhao AEP (2015). Return on Investment for Ergonomics Interventions. https://www.humanscale.com/ (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
23. Kalınkara V (2003). “9. Ulusal Ergonomi Kongresi”, Bildiri Kitabı, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Denizli Meslek Yüksekokulu, Denizli, 1-2.
24. Keskinel F (1985). CAD/CAM Sistemlerine Genel Bir Bakış. Mimarlık Dergisi, 219.
25. Margolin V (1988). Expanding the boundaries of design: The product environment and the new user. Design Issues, 59-64.
26. Margolin V (2002). The politics of the artificial: Essays on design and design studies. University of Chicago press.
27. Martin P, Schmidt K (2001). Beyond Ethnography: Redefining the Role of the User in the Design Process. InCa: IDSA-SF’s Online Magazine, 13-14.
28. Mary Hilfiker MD, Jeff Hulson ARM CEES, Donald Kearns MD MMM (2010). Ergonomics and the physician executive. Physician executive, 36(3), 54.
29. Marzano S (1997). What does the smile in my grandfather's mirror have to do with Customer's First Choice?. RSA Journal, 145(5482), 57.
30. Mutlu BD (2003). New User-centered methods for design innovation: a study on the role of emerging methods in innovative product design and development. Unpublished M. Sc. Thesis, Istambul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, January.
31. Norman DA (1988). The Psychology of Everyday Things, New York, Basic Book.
32. Norman DA (2002). The Design of Everyday Things. New York, NY: Currency/Doubleday.
33. Norman DA, Draper SW (1986). User Centered System Design: New Perspectives on Human-Computer Interaction Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
34. Nussbaum B (2005). The empathy economy. BusinessWeek Online.(2005, March 8).
35. Oygür I (2006). Endüstriyel Tasarımcı-kullanıcı İlişkisinin Türkiye Bağlamında İncelenmesi (Doctoral dissertation, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
36. Öktem B (2014). Türkiye’de Ofis Mobilyası Sektöründe Kullanıcı Odaklı Tasarım: Ofis Sandalyesi Örneği (Doctoral dissertation, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
37. Pantzar M (1997). Domestication of everyday life technology: dynamic views on the social histories of artifacts. Design Issues, 13(3), 52-65.
38. Peck C, Kay Stewart K (1985). Satisfaction with housing and quality of life. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 13(4), 363-372.
39. Rosenau MD (Ed.) (1996). The PDMA handbook of new product development. John Wiley & Sons Incorporated.
40. Rothstein PD (1999). The re-emergence of ethnography in industrial design today. In Design Education Conference, Chicago, IL.
41. Rowbotham J (1838). A New Derivative and Etymological Dictionary of such English words as have their origin in the Greek and Latin languages. Longman, Orme, Brown, Green & Longmans.
42. Salvendy G (2012). Handbook of human factors and ergonomics. John Wiley & Sons.
43. Sanders EBN (2000). Honey, it’s so Obvious. InCa: IDSA-SF’s Online Magazine, 4-5.
44. Sanders EBN (2002). From user-centered to participatory design approaches. In Design and the social sciences: Making connections (pp. 1-8). CRC Press.
45. Sanders EBN, William CT (2002). Harnessing people’s creativity: Ideation and expression through visual communication. Focus groups: Supporting effective product development, 137.
46. Stephanidis C, Kouroumalis V, Antona M (2012). Interactivity: evolution and emerging trends. Handbook of human factors and ergonomics, 1374-1406.
47. Stone R, McCloy R (2004). Ergonomics in medicine and surgery. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 328(7448), 1115.
48. Şanıvar N (1968). Ağaç işleri terimleri sözlüğü (Vol. 271). Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi.
49. The Design Council (2006). What is Design, Online Published Article, http://www.designcouncil.org.uk (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
50. URL-1: Google çeviri, https://translate.google.com.tr/ (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
51. URL-2: Büyük Türkçe Sözlük, http://www.tdk.gov.tr/ (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
52. URL-3: http://www.theguideistanbul.com/location/house-café-ortaköy (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
53. URL-4: https://www.reclinefurniture.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Apollo-lifestyle-0006493.jpg (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
54. URL-5: https://web-apps.communication.utexas.edu/usher/Moody/About/Facilities/?room=CMA-5.190 (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
55. URL-6: http://www.furnitureteams.com/334778f94757310b.html (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
56. URL-7: http://blogs.autodesk.com/inventor/wp-content/uploads/sites/73/2016/06/autocad-2017-badge-10 24px.jpg (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
57. URL-8: https://www.autodesk.com.tr/products/autocad/overview (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
58. URL-9: https://www.solidcad.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/3ds-max-2017-badge-1024px.jpg (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
59. URL-10: https://corona-renderer.com/forum/index.php?topic=11413.0 (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
60. URL-11: http://adm.aau.dk/anybody/cmsimple/?AnyBody_Software (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
61. URL-12: http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20151105006614/en/Dassault-Syst%C3%A8mes-He lps-Define-%E2%80%9CManufacturing-Age-Experience%E2%80%9D (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
62. URL-13: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p3FlWwCPuXM (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
63. URL-14: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OWnYlWCATmI (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
64. URL-15: http://www.uxmike.com/ (Last Access: 17.07.2017).
65. van den Hoven J, Vermaas PE, van de Poel I (2015). Handbook of ethics, values, and technological design. Springer Netherlands: Imprint: Springer.
66. West A, Mei CX, Ye Z, Na ZC, Qiang C (2007). From performance to practice: changing the meaning of child participation in China. Children Youth and Environments, 17(1), 14-32.
67. Yıldırım K, Uzun O (2010). The effects of space quality of dormitory rooms on functional and perceptual performance of users: Zübeyde Hanım Sorority. Gazi University Journal of Science, 23(4), 519-530.
68. Yılmaz NN (2014). Türkiye Ev Mobilyası Sektörünün Değer Zinciri Yaklaşımıyla İncelenmesi. TC Kalkınma Bakanlığı, Uzmanlık Tezi.