Farklı Kurutma Yöntemlerinin Kekik (Thymus sipyleus Boiss. var. sipyleus) Uçucu Bileşenleri Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Kurutma işlemi aromatik bitkiler için önemli bir uygulama olup, bitki materyali ve kurutma yöntemine göre farklılıklar göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada limoni kekik olarak bilinen Thymus sipyleus Boiss.var.sipyleus yaprakları 4 farklı kurutma yöntemi ( Açık havada, mikrodalga, donduruculu kurutucu, 50-70 ^oC’de fırında) ile kurutulmuştur. Uçucu bileşenler eşzamanlı destilasyon-ekstraksiyon (SDE) yöntemiyle ekstrakte edilmiştir. Citronellol, 1,8-cineol, camphor camphene ve myrcene bütün örneklerde en önemli bileşikler olarak bulunmuştur. Taze yaprakta % 17,9 olan citronellol miktarı kurutma işlemi ile % 22,7’ye yükselmiştir. Thymol oranı ise farklı kurutma yöntemlerinde % 0,35-3,80 arasında değişmektedir. Kurutma işlemi monoterpen hidrokarbon oranını düşürmüştür (%3-5). Fakat, bu grubun alkol formu ise artmıştır (%1-6). Açık havada kurutma veya 50^oC’de fırında kurutma bu tür için en uygun yöntemdir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Donduruculu kurutucu,Mikrodalga,Fırında kurutma,Açık havada kurutma,Kekik.

Effect of Drying Methods on the Composition Volatile of Compounds of Thyme (Thymus sipyleus Boiss. var. sipyleus)

Abstract

Drying is an important application for aromatic plants and showed variations regard to plant material and drying methods. In this study, aerial parts of Thymus sipyleus Boiss.var.sipyleus were dried with four different drying methods (Air-dried, Microwave, Freeze-drying, oven drying at 50-70 ^oC.) and extracted with Simultaneous Distillation-Extraction (SDE) to determine the volatile compounds. Citronellol, 1,8-cineol, camphor camphene and myrcene were found to be the dominant compounds in all samples. The amount of citronellol increased with drying to 22,7% where this amount was 17,9% in the fresh samples. Thymol was ranging between 0,35-3,80% with different drying methods. Drying procedure decreases (3-5%) the amount of monoterpene hydrocarbons. However, alcohol forms of these compounds were increased (1-6%). Air-drying and 50 ^oC oven-drying can be suitable methods for drying of this species.

Keywords

• Freeze drying,Microwave drying,Oven-dry,Air-drying,Thyme

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