EFFECTS OF COLD STRATIFICATION AND SULPHURIC ACID PRETREATMENTS ON GERMINATION OF HAWTHORN (Crataegus spp.) SEEDS

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine methods to overcome seed dormancy in Crataegus spp. seeds. Cold

stratification (20, 40, 60 and 90 days), 60-90 days cold stratification with submersion in sulphuric acid (H2SO4)

for different durations (30, 75, 105, 120, 150 and 180 minutes) and autumn sowing after submersion in sulphuric

acid for different durations pretreatments were applied to remove seed dormancy. The seeds were sown in

polyethylene pots in the greenhouse and on seedbeds under open field conditions. Statistical design was a

randomized complete block design with three replications. Observations were conducted periodically for 90 days

after sowing to determine germination percentage and germination rate. Seedling percentages were also

determined by counting the seedlings after a winter season. We could not achieve germination in Crataegus

microphylla, C. monogyna, C. pontica and C. pseudoheterophylla seeds. Germination occurred only in C.

monogyna subsp. azarella seeds. The highest germination percentage (17.5%) was determined in C. monogyna

subsp. azarella seeds that were sown in the greenhouse after submersed in sulphuric acid for 120 minutes + cold

stratified for 90 days.

Keywords

• Crataegus spp.,seed dormancy,sulphuric acid,cold stratification

SOĞUK KATLAMA VE SÜLFÜRİK ASİT ÖNİŞLEMLERİNİN ALIÇ (Crataegus spp.) TOHUMLARININ ÇİMLENMESİ ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ

Öz

Artvin Yöresinde doğal olarak yayılış gösteren Crataegus microphylla, C. monogyna, C. monogyna subsp.

azarella, C. pontica ve C. pseudoheterophylla türlerinin tohumlarının çimlenme engellerini giderecek uygun

yöntemlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Tohumlar türlerin doğal olarak yayılış gösterdiği alanlardan

toplanmıştır. Çimlenme engellerinin giderilmesi için 20, 40, 60 ve 90 gün soğuk katlama, 60 ve 90 gün soğuk

katlama ile birlikte değişik sürelerde (30, 75, 105, 120, 150 ve 180 dakika) konsantre (%98) sülfürik asitte

(H2SO4) bekletme işlemleri ile farklı sürelerde sülfürik asitte bekletilen tohumlarda sonbahar ekimleri

uygulanmıştır. Ekimler üç yinelemeli tesadüfî tam bloklar deneme desenine göre sera ve açık alan koşullarında

gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ekim zamanını takiben 90 gün boyunca gözlemler yapılmış, çimlenme yüzdeleri ve

çimlenme hızları belirlenmiştir. C. microphylla, C. monogyna, C. pontica ve C. pseudoheterophylla türlerinde

çimlenme elde edilememiştir. Sadece C. monogyna subsp. azarella tohumlarında çimlenmeler gerçekleşmiştir.

C. monogyna subsp. azarella tohumlarında en yüksek çimlenme yüzdesi (%17.5) 120 dakika H2SO4+ 90 gün

soğuk katlama işlemi uygulanan tohumlarda sera koşullarında elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Crataegus spp.,çimlenme engeli,sülfürik asit,soğuk katlama

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