Alkali İşlem Görmüş Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.) Saplarından Üretilen Yongalevhaların Kimyasal, Fiziksel Ve Mekanik Özellikleri

Öz

Bu çalışmada, ayçiçeği sapı yongalarının %1-5 sodyum hidroksit ile muamelenin kimyasal bileşim üzerindeki etkileri ve kimyasal bileşenlerdeki değişimlerin üretilen yongalevhaların fiziksel ve mekanik özellikleri üzerine etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Gaz kromatografik analiz ve Fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi (FTIR) spektroskopisi sonuçları uygulanan sodyum hydroksit derişimi arttıkça yongalardaki ekstraktif madde, hemiselüloz ve lignin miktarlarının azaldığını, selüloz miktarının ise arttığı göstermiştir. Termogravimetrik analiz (TGA), alkali uygulamaların yongaların termal stabilitesini azalttığını göstermiştir. Su alma (WA) ve kalınlığına şişme (TS) analizi, alkali işlemlerin üretilen yonga levhaların su geçirmezliğini azalttığını ortaya koymuştur. Elastikiyet modülü (MOE), eğilme direnci (MOR) ve yüzeye dik çekme direnci (IB) kullanılarak, üretilen yonga levhaların mekanik özellikleri değerlendirilmiş ve sadece %1 sodyum hidroksit ile muamele görmüş yongalardan üretilen levhaların, TS-EN 312 standardına göre kuru şartlarda genel amaçlı kullanılan levhalar için beklenilen değerleri karşıladığı görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ayçiçeği sapı,alkali işlem,fiziksel ve mekanik özellikler,termal statibilite

Chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of particleboards manufactured from NaOH-treated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) stalks

Abstract

In the present study, the effects of 1 to 5% sodium hydroxide treatments of sunflower stalk particles on the chemical composition and the physical and mechanical properties of particleboards were evaluated. Proximate analysis, gas chromatographic determination, and FTIR spectroscopic identification showed that the lignin, hemicellulose, and extractive contents of particles were reduced by alkali treatment, while cellulose contents were raised. Alkali treatments decreased the thermal stability of the particles according to TGA. Water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) analysis showed that alkali treatments also reduced the water resistance of the produced particleboards. Using modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and internal bond (IB) strength analysis, the mechanical properties of produced particleboards were evaluated. Only the treatment with 1% sodium hydroxide resulted in excellent mechanical properties of the produced particleboards, meeting the requirements for general-purpose particleboards used in dry circumstances, according to the TS-EN 312 standard.

Keywords

• Sunflower stalks,alkali treatment,physical and mechanic properties,thermal stability

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