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The Effects of Some Ecological Factors on the Pre-Adaptation Activities for the Purple-Flowered Rhododendron (Rhododendron ponticum L.) reproduced by Seeds

Year 2012, Volume: 14 Issue: 22, 24 - 32, 01.06.2012

Abstract

This study was carried out to identify the effects of temperature, light, and humidity factors on the pre-adaptation of the
seedlings, which were reproduced using the seeds of Rhododendron ponticum L., which is among the indigenous species of
Turkey. Two environments namely full-sun and partial-shade were selected; the temperature, light, and humidity levels in
these environments were measured, the survival and development rates of the seedlings planted on both sites were
documented, and the obtained results and the relations of these results to each other have been provided along with
related statistical results. This study has found that Rhododendron ponticum L. adapts better in soils that are acidic in
terms of pH (4.5-5.5) and rich in organic materials (60-70%) and in moisture (60%-70%) and semi-shaded areas (areas
that receive 50% or more of solar radiation indirectly). Additionally, the adapted seedlings have produced blooms and
reproduced seeds only within three years from their first production, although there are findings in literature that
seedlings reproduced by seeds bloom in 6, 7 and up to 12 years.

References

  • Abbot N (1972). Hilliers’ Manual of Trees&Shurubs. Hillaer&Sons, London
  • Anşin R, Terzioğlu S (1994). Mor Çiçekli Ormangülü’nün Yeni Bir Varyetesi (Rhododendron ponticum L. Subsp. ponticum var. Heterophyllum Anşin var. Noval, Turk J Agric For 18, 137-140
  • Beckett K.A (1985). The Concise Encyclopaedia of Garden Plants. Orbis Publishing Limited, London
  • Clarke JH (1982). Getting Started with Rhododendrons and Azaleas. Timber Press, USA
  • Clay DV, Goodall JS and Nelson DG (1992). The Effect of Imazapyr on R. Ponticum. Aspect Appl Biol 29:287-294
  • Cross JR (1981). The Establishment of Rhododendron ponticum in The Killarney Oakwoods S.W. Ireland. J Ecol 69:807-824
  • Çolak AH and Aksoy H (1997). Rhododendron ponticum L.(Mor Çiçekli Ormangülü)’nun Silvikültür Özellikleri Üzerine Araştırmalar. Ph D, Dissertion, University of Istanbul, Turkey
  • Davis PH (1978). Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands. Volume Six, Edinburg
  • Eşen D (2000). Ecology and Control of Rhododendron (Rhododendron ponticum L.) in Turkish Eastern Beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) Forests. Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Patrial Fulfilment of the Requirements of The Degreeof Doctor of Philosophy in Forestry, USA Ferguson N (1984). Right Plant, Right Place. The Indispensable Guide to The Succesful Garden, U.S.A
  • Küçük M, Topçu M (1993). Doğu Karadeniz Ormangülleri ve Ekonomik Önemleri, Yunus İlim, Kültür. Sanat ve Çevre Dergisi, Sayı 4, 22-25
  • Küçük M, Var M (1995). Doğu Karadeniz Yöresinin Doğal Herdemyeşil Odunsu Taksonlarının Floristik, Ekolojik ve Ekonomik Önemleri. Ot Sistematik Botanik Dergisi, 2,1, 167-173
  • Libb CC and Nilsen ET (1997). The Impact of Ssubcanopy Light Environment on The Hydraulic Vulnerability of Rhododendron maximum L. to Freeze-thaw Cycles and Drought. Plant, Cell, and Env 20:1264-1272
  • Marlowe OC (1977). Outdoor design, Handbook For The Architect And Planner. Watson-Guptill, New York
  • Reiley EH (1995). Success with Rhododendrons and Azaleas. Timber Press, USA
  • Robinson JD (1980). Rhododendron ponticum, A Weed of Woodlands and Forest Plantations Seriously Affecting Management. Proc., Weed Control in Forestry Conf., Brighton Crop Prot., Conf., 89-95
  • Tabbush HM, Williamson DR (1987). Rhododendron ponticum as a Forest Weed. Forestry Commission, Bulletin 73, London
  • Thomson AG, Radford GL, Norris DA and Good JEG (1993). Factors Affecting The Distribution of Rhododendron in North Wales. J Env Manage 39:199- 212
  • Var M (1992). Kuzeydoğu Kradeniz Bölgesi Doğal Odunsu Taksonlarının Peyzaj Mimarlığı Yönünden Değerlendirilmesi Üzerine Araştırmalar. Doktora Tezi, K.T.Ü., Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon
  • Var M, Dinçer D (2005). The Replication of the Purpleflowered Rhododendron (Rhododendron ponticum L.) by Seed and Chances of Survival in Replanting in Different Media. Turk J Agric For 30: 145-152
  • Yaltırık F (1997). Orman ve Park Ağaçlarımız. Süs Çalıları ve Sarılıcılar, İstanbul

The Effects of Some Ecological Factors on the Pre-Adaptation Activities for the Purple-Flowered Rhododendron (Rhododendron ponticum L.) reproduced by Seeds

Year 2012, Volume: 14 Issue: 22, 24 - 32, 01.06.2012

Abstract

This study was carried out to identify the effects of temperature, light, and humidity factors on the pre-adaptation of the
seedlings, which were reproduced using the seeds of Rhododendron ponticum L., which is among the indigenous species of
Turkey. Two environments namely full-sun and partial-shade were selected; the temperature, light, and humidity levels in
these environments were measured, the survival and development rates of the seedlings planted on both sites were
documented, and the obtained results and the relations of these results to each other have been provided along with
related statistical results. This study has found that Rhododendron ponticum L. adapts better in soils that are acidic in
terms of pH (4.5-5.5) and rich in organic materials (60-70%) and in moisture (60%-70%) and semi-shaded areas (areas
that receive 50% or more of solar radiation indirectly). Additionally, the adapted seedlings have produced blooms and
reproduced seeds only within three years from their first production, although there are findings in literature that
seedlings reproduced by seeds bloom in 6, 7 and up to 12 years. 

References

  • Abbot N (1972). Hilliers’ Manual of Trees&Shurubs. Hillaer&Sons, London
  • Anşin R, Terzioğlu S (1994). Mor Çiçekli Ormangülü’nün Yeni Bir Varyetesi (Rhododendron ponticum L. Subsp. ponticum var. Heterophyllum Anşin var. Noval, Turk J Agric For 18, 137-140
  • Beckett K.A (1985). The Concise Encyclopaedia of Garden Plants. Orbis Publishing Limited, London
  • Clarke JH (1982). Getting Started with Rhododendrons and Azaleas. Timber Press, USA
  • Clay DV, Goodall JS and Nelson DG (1992). The Effect of Imazapyr on R. Ponticum. Aspect Appl Biol 29:287-294
  • Cross JR (1981). The Establishment of Rhododendron ponticum in The Killarney Oakwoods S.W. Ireland. J Ecol 69:807-824
  • Çolak AH and Aksoy H (1997). Rhododendron ponticum L.(Mor Çiçekli Ormangülü)’nun Silvikültür Özellikleri Üzerine Araştırmalar. Ph D, Dissertion, University of Istanbul, Turkey
  • Davis PH (1978). Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands. Volume Six, Edinburg
  • Eşen D (2000). Ecology and Control of Rhododendron (Rhododendron ponticum L.) in Turkish Eastern Beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) Forests. Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Patrial Fulfilment of the Requirements of The Degreeof Doctor of Philosophy in Forestry, USA Ferguson N (1984). Right Plant, Right Place. The Indispensable Guide to The Succesful Garden, U.S.A
  • Küçük M, Topçu M (1993). Doğu Karadeniz Ormangülleri ve Ekonomik Önemleri, Yunus İlim, Kültür. Sanat ve Çevre Dergisi, Sayı 4, 22-25
  • Küçük M, Var M (1995). Doğu Karadeniz Yöresinin Doğal Herdemyeşil Odunsu Taksonlarının Floristik, Ekolojik ve Ekonomik Önemleri. Ot Sistematik Botanik Dergisi, 2,1, 167-173
  • Libb CC and Nilsen ET (1997). The Impact of Ssubcanopy Light Environment on The Hydraulic Vulnerability of Rhododendron maximum L. to Freeze-thaw Cycles and Drought. Plant, Cell, and Env 20:1264-1272
  • Marlowe OC (1977). Outdoor design, Handbook For The Architect And Planner. Watson-Guptill, New York
  • Reiley EH (1995). Success with Rhododendrons and Azaleas. Timber Press, USA
  • Robinson JD (1980). Rhododendron ponticum, A Weed of Woodlands and Forest Plantations Seriously Affecting Management. Proc., Weed Control in Forestry Conf., Brighton Crop Prot., Conf., 89-95
  • Tabbush HM, Williamson DR (1987). Rhododendron ponticum as a Forest Weed. Forestry Commission, Bulletin 73, London
  • Thomson AG, Radford GL, Norris DA and Good JEG (1993). Factors Affecting The Distribution of Rhododendron in North Wales. J Env Manage 39:199- 212
  • Var M (1992). Kuzeydoğu Kradeniz Bölgesi Doğal Odunsu Taksonlarının Peyzaj Mimarlığı Yönünden Değerlendirilmesi Üzerine Araştırmalar. Doktora Tezi, K.T.Ü., Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon
  • Var M, Dinçer D (2005). The Replication of the Purpleflowered Rhododendron (Rhododendron ponticum L.) by Seed and Chances of Survival in Replanting in Different Media. Turk J Agric For 30: 145-152
  • Yaltırık F (1997). Orman ve Park Ağaçlarımız. Süs Çalıları ve Sarılıcılar, İstanbul
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Biomaterial
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mustafa Var This is me

Deryanur Dinçer This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 14 Issue: 22

Cite

APA Var, M., & Dinçer, D. (2012). The Effects of Some Ecological Factors on the Pre-Adaptation Activities for the Purple-Flowered Rhododendron (Rhododendron ponticum L.) reproduced by Seeds. Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(22), 24-32.


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