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Yarı Kurak Ağaçlandırma Alanlarında Çölleşme Eğiliminin Değerlendirilmesi: ÇAKÜ Orman Fakültesi, Prof. Dr. Abdülreşit BROHİ Araştırma ve Uygulama Ormanı Örneği”

Year 2019, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 506 - 516, 15.08.2019

Abstract

Son yıllarda, özellikle kurak ve yarı kurak alanlarda iklim değişikliği
ve insan etkisi sonucunda meydana gelen arazi bozulmaları ve bitki örtüsündeki
azalmalar, küresel ölçekte önemli bir çevre sorunu haline gelen çölleşme ile
mücadeleyi zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Bu çalışma, Çankırı il merkezine yaklaşık
5 km uzaklıkta, yarı-kurak özelliğe sahip Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi (ÇAKÜ)
Orman Fakültesi Prof. Dr. Abdülreşit BROHİ Araştırma ve Uygulama Ormanı’nın da
yapılan ağaçlandırma çalışmaları ve alanın çölleşme eğiliminin belirlenmesi
amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çölleşme riski (ÇR) ve çevresel duyarlı alan (ÇDA)
hassaslık indeksinin hesaplanmasında Akdeniz ülkeleri için geliştirilmiş olan
Desertification Indicator System for Mediterranean Europe (DIS4ME) kullanılmıştır.
Çalışma alanı yaklaşık 9,4 ha olup, alanda yapılan ağaçlandırma çalışmalarının
yılı (1998-2004; 2009-2015 yılları arasında yapılan ağaçlandırma) dikkate
alınarak belirlenmiş olan 30 noktada toprak örneklemesi yapılmış ve her bir
örnekleme noktasında çölleşme etüt formu doldurulmuştur. DIS4ME sistemi kullanılarak
yapılan hesaplamalar sonucunda; ÇR en düşük 1,69 ile düşük risk ve en yüksek 5,25
ile orta risk sınıfında değerler alırken, ÇDA tipi değerleri 1,35-1,52 arasında
değişen değerler almıştır. Çalışma alanı genelinde ÇR düşük ve orta özellik
göstermiş olsa da ÇDA tipi ile birlikte değerlendirildiğinde çalışma alanı
kritik ve kırılgan hassaslık sınıfındadır. Bu nedenle özellikle orta risk
sınıfı ve kritik hassaslık seviyesinde olan sürdürülebilir arazi kullanımının
sağlanması ve çölleşme ile mücadelede büyük önem taşıyan ağaçlandırma
çalışmalarının başarısının arttırılması için gerekli koruma önlemlerinin
alınması gerekmektedir.

Thanks

Merhum Prof. Dr. Abdülreşit Brohi’ye 2009-2014 yılları arasında Araştırma ve Uygulama Ormanı’nda yapmış olduğu değerli çalışmaları için teşekkürü borç biliriz. Bu çalışma, Kübra Uluğ’a ait Lisans Bitirme çalışmasının bir bölümünden faydalanılarak hazırlanmış olup, 10-12 Mayıs 2018 tarihleri arasında Konya’da düzenlenen 1st International Congress on Plant Biology kongresinde özet metin olarak basılmıştır.

References

  • Anonim (2007). Çankırı-Yapraklı-Ilgaz-Tosya Meteoroloji Bültenleri. T.C. Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı Devlet Meteoroloji İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü Kayıtları, Ankara. Arar A, Chenchouni H, Benabderrahmane M (2009). Climate Change and Desertification Risks Assessment in Aurès Region (Eastern of Algeria) by Using of Geomatic Data. Int. Joint Assembly of IAMAS-IAPSOIACS “MOCA-2009”, Montreal, Canada.
  • Basso F, Bove E, Dumontet S, Ferrara A, Pisante M, Quaranta G, Taberner M (2000). Evaluating Environmental Sensitivity at the Basin Scale Through The Use of Geographic Information Systems and Remotely Sensed Data: An Example Covering the Agri basin (Southern Italy). Catena, 40; 19-35.
  • Başayiğit L, Şenol H (2009). The production of fertility maps of potential land for orchards using geographical ınformation systems. Journal of Plant & Environmental Sciences, 1; 36-45.
  • Benabderrahmane M, Chenchouni H (2010). Assessing Environmental Sensitivity Areas to Desertification in Eastern Algeria Using Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use “MEDALUS” Model. Int J Sustain Water Environ Syst, 1; 5-10.
  • Berthe, Y. (1997). The Role of Forestry in Combating Desertification: World Forestry Congress, Antalya, Turkey.
  • Blake G, Hartge K (1986). Bulk density. In, Methods of Soil Analysis: Part I. Editör: Klute, A. American Society of Agronomy Monograph 9: Madison, pp. 363-375.
  • Brandt J, Geeson N (2015). Desertification Indicator System for Mediterranean Europe: Science, Stakeholders and Public Dissemination of Research Results. Monitoring and Modelling Dynamic Environments; 121.
  • Budak M, Günal H, Çelik İ, Yıldız H, Acir N, Acar M (2018). Environmental Sensitivity to Desertification in Northern Mesopotamia; Application of Modified MEDALUS by Using Analytical Hierarchy Process. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 11; 481.
  • Cangir C, Boyraz D (2008). Climate Change and Impact of Desertification or Soil/Land Degradation in Turkey, Combating Desertification. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 5; 169-186.
  • ÇEM (2005). Çölleşme ile Mücadele Türkiye Ulusal Eylem Programı. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı, 124 s., Ankara.
  • ÇEM (2013). Kurak ve Yarı Kurak Alanlarda Ağaçlandırma ve Rehabilitasyon Rehberi. T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Başkanlığı Çölleşme ve Erozyonla Mücadele Genel Müdürlüğü, Erozyon Kontrolü Daire Başkanlığı, Ankara.
  • ÇEM (2015). Çölleşme ile Mücadele Ulusal Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı 2015-2023. . Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı. Çölleşme ve Erozyonla Mücadele Genel Müdürlüğü. Ankara. ; 148 s.
  • ÇEM (2019). Türkiye Çölleşme ve Erozyonla Mücadele Faaliyetleri, http://www.cem.gov.tr/erozyon/files/yayinlarimiz/CEM_FAALIYET_TR.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 09.02.2019. T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Başkanlığı Çölleşme ve Erozyonla Mücadele Genel Müdürlüğü, Erozyon Kontrolü Daire Başkanlığı, Ankara.
  • Desertlinks (2004). Desertification Indicator System for Mediterranean Europe (DIS4ME). https://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/public_path/shared_folder/projects/DIS4ME/introduction.htm.
  • DESIRE (2010). MEDALUS I, II, III, http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php/en/recent-european-research/410-medalus-i-ii-iii. . Erişim Tarihi: 14.12.2017.
  • Dindaroğlu T (2015). Resistance to the Reclamation of Environmentally Sensitive Areas Through the Establishment of a New Forest Ecosystem. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 24; 1195-1203.
  • Gee GW, Bauder JW (1986). Particle-size Analysis. Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 1—Physical and Mineralogical Methods; 383-411.
  • Geeson N, Brandt J, Quaranta G, Salvia R (2014). Designing a Public Web-Based Information System to Illustrate and Disseminate The Development and Results of the DESIRE Project to Combat Desertification. Environmental Management, 54; 1043-1055.
  • Geeson NA, Brandt CJ, Thornes JB (2003). Mediterranean Desertification: A Mosaic Of Processes and Responses. John Wiley & Sons: Giordano L, Giordano F, Grauso S, Iannetta M, Sciortino M, Rossi L, Bonati G (2002). Identification of Areas Sensitive to Desertification in Sicily Region. ENEA, Centro Ricerche Casaccia, Via Anguillarese, 301; 00060.
  • Gül E, Erşahin S. (2017). Yarı-Kurak Doğal Çam Ormanlarında Çölleşme Riskinin Modellenmesi. Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1); 39-49.
  • Gül E, Erşahin S (2019). Evaluating the Desertification Vulnerability of A Semiarid Landscape Under Different Land Uses With The Environmental Sensitivity Index. Land Degrad Dev, 30; 811-823.
  • Imeson A (1995). The Physical, Chemical and Biological Degradation of the Soil. Fantechi, E. et al; 153-168.
  • Jackson ML (1969). Soil Chemical Analysis-Advanced Course. Soil Chemical Analysis-Advanced Course.
  • Kamel A, Ali H, Ghaleb F, Mario M, Tony G (2015). GIS-Based Mapping of Areas Sensitive to Desertification in a Semi-Arid Region in Lebanon. South-Eastern European Journal of Earth Observation and Geomatics, 4; 91-103.
  • Kosmas C, Ferrara A, Briasouli H, Imeson A (1999). Methodology for Mapping Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs) to Desertification. The MEDALUS Project Mediterranean Desertification And Land Use. Manual on Key Indicators Of Desertification And Mapping Environmentally Sensitive Areas To Desertification. Edited By: C. Kosmas, M. Kirkby, N. Geeson. European Union, 18882; 31-47.
  • Kosmas C, Tsara M, Moustakas N, Kosma D, Yassoglou N (2006). Environmentally Sensitive Areas and Indicators of Desertification. In, Desertification In The Mediterranean Region. A Security Issue. Springer Pp. 525-547.
  • McLean E (1982). Soil pH and Lime Requirement. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties; 199-224.
  • Nunes AN, De Almeida AC, Coelho CO (2011). Impacts of Land Use and Cover Type on Runoff and Soil Erosion in A Marginal Area of Portugal. Applied Geography, 31; 687-699.
  • OGM (2015). Türkiye Orman Varlığı 2015. T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı, Orman Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Ozsahin E, Eroglu I (2018). Environmental Degradation Analysis Using Gis In Tekirdag Province, Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27; 9650-9661.
  • Pansu M, Gautheyrou, J. (2007). Handbook of Soil Analysis: Mineralogical, Organic and Inorganic Methods. Springer Science & Business Media:
  • Pardini G, Dunjó G, Barrena R, Gispert M, Vigna Guidi G (2002). Land Use Effects on Soil Response to Runoff Generation and Sediment Yield in The Serra De Rodes Catchment, Alt Emporà, NE Spain. Man And Soil at the Third Millenium. Logrono: Geoforma Ediciones; 1323-1339.
  • Rasmy M, Gad A, Abdelsalam H, Siwailam M (2010). A Dynamic Simulation Model of Desertification in Egypt. The Egyptian Journal of remote sensing and space science, 13; 101-111. Rhoades J (1982). Soluble Salts. Methods of soil analysis. Part, 2; 167-178.
  • Seager R, Ting M, Held I, Kushnir Y, Lu J, Vecchi G, Huang HP, Harnik N, Leetmaa A, Lau NC (2007). Model Projections of an Imminent Transition to a more Arid Climate in Southwestern North America. Science, 316; 1181-1184.
  • Singh KK, Colvin T, Erbach D, Mughal A (1992). Tilth Index: an Approach to Quantifying Soil Tilth. Transactions of the ASAE, 35; 1777-1785.
  • Sparling G (1991). of Conference. Organic-matter and Soil Microbial Biomass C as Indicators of Sustainable Land Use. In, Evaluation for sustainable land management in the developing world: proceedings of the International Workshop on Evaluation for Sustainable Land Management in the Developing World, Chiang Rai, Thailand, 15-21 September 1991. [Bangkok, Thailand: International Board for Soil Research and Management, 1991].
  • TUBITAK (2015). Desertification report of Turkey. Ankara.
  • Türkeş M (2010). BM Çölleşme İle Savaşım Sözleşmesi’nin İklim, İklim Değişikliği ve kuraklık açısından çözümlenmesi ve Türkiye’deki uygulamalar (Analysis of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification with respect to the Climate, Climate Change and Drought, and Applications in Turkey)’. Çölleşme İle Mücadele Sempozyumu Tebliğler Kitabı; 17-18.
  • Türkeş M (2012). Kuraklık, Çölleşme ve Birleşmiş Milletler Çölleşme ile Savaşım Sözleşmesi’nin Ayrıntılı Bir Çözümlemesi. Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi, 20; 7-55.
  • Tüzüner A (1990). Toprak ve Su Analiz Laboratuvarları El Kitabı. Tarım Orman ve Köy İşleri Bakanlığı, Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • UNCCD (1995). United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly Africa.
  • UNCCD (2011). Desertification: A Visual Synthesis. United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) Geneva: Zoi Environment Network.
  • Vanmaercke M, Poesen J, Maetens W, de Vente J, Verstraeten G (2011). Sediment Yield as a Desertification Risk Indicator. Science of the Total Environment, 409; 1715-1725.
  • Yücetürk G (2010). Yapay Mermerde Kullanılan Kuvars ve Kalsit Minerallerinin Fiziko-Meknik Özellikleri. SDU International Journal of Technological Science, 2; 72-80.

Evaluation of Desertification Tendency in Semi-Arid Afforestation Areas: A sample ÇAKÜ Faculty of Forestry, Prof. Dr. Abdülreşit BROHİ Research and Application Forest

Year 2019, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 506 - 516, 15.08.2019

Abstract

In recent years, especially in arid and semi-arid
areas, the degradation of land caused by climate change and human impact and
the reduction of vegetation have made combating desertification, which has
become an important environmental problem on a global scale. This study was
carried out in order to determine the afforestation studies and the
desertification tendency of Cankiri Karatekin University (ÇAKÜ) Faculty of
Forestry. Dr. Abdülreşit BROHİ Research and Implementation Forest, is about 5
km from Cankiri city center and has semi-arid characteristics. Desertification
Indicator System for Mediterranean Europe (DIS4ME) which is developed for
Mediterranean countries, was used to calculate the desertification risk (DR)
and environmental sensitive area (ESA) sensitivity index. The study area was
approximately 9,4 ha. Soil sampling was carried out at 30 points determined by
taking into account the year of the afforestation studies in the area
(1998-2004; 2009 -2015 afforestation studies) and desertification survey form
was filled at each sampling point. As a result of the calculations made using
the DIS4ME system; While ÇR had the lowest risk with the lowest 1,69 and the
medium risk class with the highest 5,25, the ÇDA type values ranged from 1,35
to 1,52. Although the DR is low and medium in the study area, the study area is
in the critical and fragile sensitivity class when evaluated together with the
ESA type. Therefore, it is necessary to take necessary protection measures to
ensure the sustainable land use, especially in the medium risk class and
critical sensitivity level, and to increase the success of the afforestation
works, which are of great importance in combating desertification.

References

  • Anonim (2007). Çankırı-Yapraklı-Ilgaz-Tosya Meteoroloji Bültenleri. T.C. Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı Devlet Meteoroloji İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü Kayıtları, Ankara. Arar A, Chenchouni H, Benabderrahmane M (2009). Climate Change and Desertification Risks Assessment in Aurès Region (Eastern of Algeria) by Using of Geomatic Data. Int. Joint Assembly of IAMAS-IAPSOIACS “MOCA-2009”, Montreal, Canada.
  • Basso F, Bove E, Dumontet S, Ferrara A, Pisante M, Quaranta G, Taberner M (2000). Evaluating Environmental Sensitivity at the Basin Scale Through The Use of Geographic Information Systems and Remotely Sensed Data: An Example Covering the Agri basin (Southern Italy). Catena, 40; 19-35.
  • Başayiğit L, Şenol H (2009). The production of fertility maps of potential land for orchards using geographical ınformation systems. Journal of Plant & Environmental Sciences, 1; 36-45.
  • Benabderrahmane M, Chenchouni H (2010). Assessing Environmental Sensitivity Areas to Desertification in Eastern Algeria Using Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use “MEDALUS” Model. Int J Sustain Water Environ Syst, 1; 5-10.
  • Berthe, Y. (1997). The Role of Forestry in Combating Desertification: World Forestry Congress, Antalya, Turkey.
  • Blake G, Hartge K (1986). Bulk density. In, Methods of Soil Analysis: Part I. Editör: Klute, A. American Society of Agronomy Monograph 9: Madison, pp. 363-375.
  • Brandt J, Geeson N (2015). Desertification Indicator System for Mediterranean Europe: Science, Stakeholders and Public Dissemination of Research Results. Monitoring and Modelling Dynamic Environments; 121.
  • Budak M, Günal H, Çelik İ, Yıldız H, Acir N, Acar M (2018). Environmental Sensitivity to Desertification in Northern Mesopotamia; Application of Modified MEDALUS by Using Analytical Hierarchy Process. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 11; 481.
  • Cangir C, Boyraz D (2008). Climate Change and Impact of Desertification or Soil/Land Degradation in Turkey, Combating Desertification. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 5; 169-186.
  • ÇEM (2005). Çölleşme ile Mücadele Türkiye Ulusal Eylem Programı. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı, 124 s., Ankara.
  • ÇEM (2013). Kurak ve Yarı Kurak Alanlarda Ağaçlandırma ve Rehabilitasyon Rehberi. T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Başkanlığı Çölleşme ve Erozyonla Mücadele Genel Müdürlüğü, Erozyon Kontrolü Daire Başkanlığı, Ankara.
  • ÇEM (2015). Çölleşme ile Mücadele Ulusal Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı 2015-2023. . Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı. Çölleşme ve Erozyonla Mücadele Genel Müdürlüğü. Ankara. ; 148 s.
  • ÇEM (2019). Türkiye Çölleşme ve Erozyonla Mücadele Faaliyetleri, http://www.cem.gov.tr/erozyon/files/yayinlarimiz/CEM_FAALIYET_TR.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 09.02.2019. T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Başkanlığı Çölleşme ve Erozyonla Mücadele Genel Müdürlüğü, Erozyon Kontrolü Daire Başkanlığı, Ankara.
  • Desertlinks (2004). Desertification Indicator System for Mediterranean Europe (DIS4ME). https://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/public_path/shared_folder/projects/DIS4ME/introduction.htm.
  • DESIRE (2010). MEDALUS I, II, III, http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php/en/recent-european-research/410-medalus-i-ii-iii. . Erişim Tarihi: 14.12.2017.
  • Dindaroğlu T (2015). Resistance to the Reclamation of Environmentally Sensitive Areas Through the Establishment of a New Forest Ecosystem. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 24; 1195-1203.
  • Gee GW, Bauder JW (1986). Particle-size Analysis. Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 1—Physical and Mineralogical Methods; 383-411.
  • Geeson N, Brandt J, Quaranta G, Salvia R (2014). Designing a Public Web-Based Information System to Illustrate and Disseminate The Development and Results of the DESIRE Project to Combat Desertification. Environmental Management, 54; 1043-1055.
  • Geeson NA, Brandt CJ, Thornes JB (2003). Mediterranean Desertification: A Mosaic Of Processes and Responses. John Wiley & Sons: Giordano L, Giordano F, Grauso S, Iannetta M, Sciortino M, Rossi L, Bonati G (2002). Identification of Areas Sensitive to Desertification in Sicily Region. ENEA, Centro Ricerche Casaccia, Via Anguillarese, 301; 00060.
  • Gül E, Erşahin S. (2017). Yarı-Kurak Doğal Çam Ormanlarında Çölleşme Riskinin Modellenmesi. Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1); 39-49.
  • Gül E, Erşahin S (2019). Evaluating the Desertification Vulnerability of A Semiarid Landscape Under Different Land Uses With The Environmental Sensitivity Index. Land Degrad Dev, 30; 811-823.
  • Imeson A (1995). The Physical, Chemical and Biological Degradation of the Soil. Fantechi, E. et al; 153-168.
  • Jackson ML (1969). Soil Chemical Analysis-Advanced Course. Soil Chemical Analysis-Advanced Course.
  • Kamel A, Ali H, Ghaleb F, Mario M, Tony G (2015). GIS-Based Mapping of Areas Sensitive to Desertification in a Semi-Arid Region in Lebanon. South-Eastern European Journal of Earth Observation and Geomatics, 4; 91-103.
  • Kosmas C, Ferrara A, Briasouli H, Imeson A (1999). Methodology for Mapping Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs) to Desertification. The MEDALUS Project Mediterranean Desertification And Land Use. Manual on Key Indicators Of Desertification And Mapping Environmentally Sensitive Areas To Desertification. Edited By: C. Kosmas, M. Kirkby, N. Geeson. European Union, 18882; 31-47.
  • Kosmas C, Tsara M, Moustakas N, Kosma D, Yassoglou N (2006). Environmentally Sensitive Areas and Indicators of Desertification. In, Desertification In The Mediterranean Region. A Security Issue. Springer Pp. 525-547.
  • McLean E (1982). Soil pH and Lime Requirement. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties; 199-224.
  • Nunes AN, De Almeida AC, Coelho CO (2011). Impacts of Land Use and Cover Type on Runoff and Soil Erosion in A Marginal Area of Portugal. Applied Geography, 31; 687-699.
  • OGM (2015). Türkiye Orman Varlığı 2015. T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı, Orman Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Ozsahin E, Eroglu I (2018). Environmental Degradation Analysis Using Gis In Tekirdag Province, Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27; 9650-9661.
  • Pansu M, Gautheyrou, J. (2007). Handbook of Soil Analysis: Mineralogical, Organic and Inorganic Methods. Springer Science & Business Media:
  • Pardini G, Dunjó G, Barrena R, Gispert M, Vigna Guidi G (2002). Land Use Effects on Soil Response to Runoff Generation and Sediment Yield in The Serra De Rodes Catchment, Alt Emporà, NE Spain. Man And Soil at the Third Millenium. Logrono: Geoforma Ediciones; 1323-1339.
  • Rasmy M, Gad A, Abdelsalam H, Siwailam M (2010). A Dynamic Simulation Model of Desertification in Egypt. The Egyptian Journal of remote sensing and space science, 13; 101-111. Rhoades J (1982). Soluble Salts. Methods of soil analysis. Part, 2; 167-178.
  • Seager R, Ting M, Held I, Kushnir Y, Lu J, Vecchi G, Huang HP, Harnik N, Leetmaa A, Lau NC (2007). Model Projections of an Imminent Transition to a more Arid Climate in Southwestern North America. Science, 316; 1181-1184.
  • Singh KK, Colvin T, Erbach D, Mughal A (1992). Tilth Index: an Approach to Quantifying Soil Tilth. Transactions of the ASAE, 35; 1777-1785.
  • Sparling G (1991). of Conference. Organic-matter and Soil Microbial Biomass C as Indicators of Sustainable Land Use. In, Evaluation for sustainable land management in the developing world: proceedings of the International Workshop on Evaluation for Sustainable Land Management in the Developing World, Chiang Rai, Thailand, 15-21 September 1991. [Bangkok, Thailand: International Board for Soil Research and Management, 1991].
  • TUBITAK (2015). Desertification report of Turkey. Ankara.
  • Türkeş M (2010). BM Çölleşme İle Savaşım Sözleşmesi’nin İklim, İklim Değişikliği ve kuraklık açısından çözümlenmesi ve Türkiye’deki uygulamalar (Analysis of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification with respect to the Climate, Climate Change and Drought, and Applications in Turkey)’. Çölleşme İle Mücadele Sempozyumu Tebliğler Kitabı; 17-18.
  • Türkeş M (2012). Kuraklık, Çölleşme ve Birleşmiş Milletler Çölleşme ile Savaşım Sözleşmesi’nin Ayrıntılı Bir Çözümlemesi. Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi, 20; 7-55.
  • Tüzüner A (1990). Toprak ve Su Analiz Laboratuvarları El Kitabı. Tarım Orman ve Köy İşleri Bakanlığı, Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • UNCCD (1995). United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly Africa.
  • UNCCD (2011). Desertification: A Visual Synthesis. United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) Geneva: Zoi Environment Network.
  • Vanmaercke M, Poesen J, Maetens W, de Vente J, Verstraeten G (2011). Sediment Yield as a Desertification Risk Indicator. Science of the Total Environment, 409; 1715-1725.
  • Yücetürk G (2010). Yapay Mermerde Kullanılan Kuvars ve Kalsit Minerallerinin Fiziko-Meknik Özellikleri. SDU International Journal of Technological Science, 2; 72-80.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Forest Industry Engineering
Journal Section Biodiversity, Environmental Management and Policy, Sustainable Forestry
Authors

Ebru Gül 0000-0002-5254-8233

Melda Dölarslan 0000-0002-8517-3722

Kübra Uluğ This is me 0000-0003-4510-296X

Publication Date August 15, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 21 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Gül, E., Dölarslan, M., & Uluğ, K. (2019). Yarı Kurak Ağaçlandırma Alanlarında Çölleşme Eğiliminin Değerlendirilmesi: ÇAKÜ Orman Fakültesi, Prof. Dr. Abdülreşit BROHİ Araştırma ve Uygulama Ormanı Örneği”. Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(2), 506-516.


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