Türkiye Mobilya Sanayinde Hammadde Tercihini Etkileyen Faktörler ile Hammadde Temininde ve Pazarlamada Yaşanan Sorunların Belirlenmesi

Year 2019, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 432 - 444, 15.08.2019

Aytaç Aydın Gökay Nemli Gökhan Gündüz

Abstract

Mobilyacılık sektörü, Türkiye’nin en eski ve en gelişen sektörlerinden
birisidir. Mobilyacılık sektörüne ilişkin 20-25 yıllık süreçte, Türkiye’de
kendi ihtiyacı için üretimin yanı sıra ihracata yönelik üretime, teknoloji
destekli çalışmaya ve lokal atölye üretimlerinden büyük çaplı seri üretime
başlanmıştır. Bununla beraber üretimin daha nitelikli ve verimli hale
getirilebilmesi için yenilikçi ve teknolojik üretim yatırımları artış
göstermektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında hazırlanan anket formu ile Türkiye
mobilya sanayinde faaliyet gösteren işletmelerin hammadde tercihini etkileyen
faktörler ile hammadde temini ve pazarlamada yaşanan sorunların tespit edilmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma Türkiye çapında faaliyet gösteren 20.867 işletmeden
örnekleme yolu ile seçilen 283 işletmede yürütülmüştür. Yüz yüze görüşme
tekniği ile uygulanan anketler bilgisayar ortamına aktarılarak analiz
edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda mobilya sektörü işletmelerinin tek kişi işletmesi
şeklinde yapılandığı, sipariş üretimi yaptıkları ve çoğunlukla ev mobilyası
ürettikleri belirlenmiştir. Hammadde fiyatlarının yüksek kalitesinin düşük
olduğu, müşteri bilgisizliği ve üretim giderlerinin yüksek olması öne çıkan
problemler olarak görülmüştür. Ayrıca sektörde yoğun olarak MDF, yongalevha ve
kontrplak kullanıldığı, bu tercihin ise çoğunlukla müşteri isteğine bağlı
olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Kaplama malzemesi olarak lake boya ve verniğin
dekoratif görüntüsü nedeniyle tercih edildiği tespit edilmiştir

Keywords

Mobilya sanayi, hammadde sorunları, pazarlama sorunları, yongalevha, MDF, kontrplak

Determining the Factors Effecting Raw Material Preference in Furniture Sector in Turkey and the Problems Experienced in Supplying and Marketing Raw Materials

Abstract

Furniture industry is one of the oldest and a
developing industry in Turkey. In the last 20-25 years of furniture industry,
in addition to production for the country’s need, Turkey started to produce for
export, to work technology-supported and to make large scale mass production
rather than local workplace production. 
In addition to that, investments for innovative and technological
production have been increasing to make production more efficient and
high-quality. The purpose of the questionnaire prepared within the scope of
this study is to identify the factors that affect the raw material choices of
the businesses active in furniture industry in Turkey and to determine the
problems encountered in supplying raw material and in marketing. The study was carried
out in 283 businesses which were chosen through sampling among 20,867
businesses active all-around Turkey. The questionnaires were applied by face to
face interview technique and frequency tables were formed. It was found that the
businesses in furniture industry were structured as single person company,
which mainly make order production and mostly they produce household furniture.
Among the outstanding problems were high raw material prices, low quality of
these materials, lack of customer's material knowledge and high production
expenses. Besides, it was seen that mostly MDF, particleboard and plywood were
used in the sector and this is mostly due to the clients’ choice. It was also
found that lacquer paint and varnish were preferred as coating materials due to
their decorative look

Keywords

Furniture industry, raw material issues, marketing issues, particleboard, MDF, plywood

References

• Akyüz, K.C.; Külahlı, C.; Yıldırım, İ.; Balaban, Y. (2013). Using of advanced manufacturing technologies in forest products industry enterprises in İnegöl. Turkish Journal of Forestry 14:113-120. (in Turkish).
• Aras, R.; İmirzi, H.Ö.; Akın, H. (2007). The problems and suggested solutions of small and medium size furniture producing firms in ıstanbul. Journal of Polytechnic 10: 105-110. (in Turkish).
• Arslan, A.R.; Sönmez, A. (2010). Problems and suggestions of the upholstered furniture İndustry. Journal of Polytechnic 13:191-201. (in Turkish).
• Çelik, N. (2012). Proposal for a decısıon model for the furnıture ındustry development plan ın Turkey. Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi 2005:223-232. (in Turkish).
• Çoban, S. (2005). A study on the foreign trade structure and problems of Kayseri furniture industry. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Journal of Social and Economic Research 2005:73-82. (in Turkish).
• Demirci, S. (2005). The Problems of Furniture Industry in Turkey and Suggestions for Solutions. Journal of Polytechnic 8:369-379. (in Turkish).
• Dorman, J.S.; Laporte R.E.; Stone, R.A.; Trucco, M. (1990). Worldwide differences in the incidence of type I diabetes are associated with amino acid variation at position 57 of the HLA-DQ beta chain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 87:7370-7374.
• Gürpınar, K.; Döven, M.S. (2007). Stratejik Yönetim Perspektifinden Türk Mobilya Sektörünün Rekabet Durumunun Analizi ve Değerlendirilmesi. Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences 9:173-190. (in Turkish).
• İnal, M.E.; Toksarı, M. (2006). The marketing problems in the furniture sector and suggestions for solutions to these problems: the case of Kayseri. ZKU, Journal of Social Science 2:105-121. (in Turkish)
• Nemli, G.; Hızıroglu, S.; Serin, H.; Akyüz, K.C.; Akyüz, I.; Toksoy, D. (2007). A perspective from furniture and cabinet manufacturers in Turkey. Building and Environment 42:1699-1706.
• Suchsland, O.; Woodson, E. G. (1986). Fiberboard Manufacturing Practices in the United States. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Agricultural Handbook, USA.
• Sönmez, A.; Arslan A. R. (2007). Tackles to exportation: An example of furniture industry. Journal of Polytechnic 10:403-409. (in Turkish).
• Sönmez, A.; Yıldırım, K.; Gürleyen, L.; Arslan, A.R. (2007). Effects of incentives related to export on to firms in the furniture industry. Journal of Polytechnic 10:441-449. (in Turkish).
• TOBB (The Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey) (2012). Assembly of Turkey Furniture Products Sector Report, TOBB Publication no: 2013/188, Ankara. (in Turkish).
• TÜİK (Turkish Statistical Entitute) (2017). GTIP 8 to 12 according to the product groups on the basis of the items furniture export and import values. Turkish Statistical Entitute. Ankara.
• URL-1. Middle Anatolian Exporters' Association (2016). Furniture İndustry Report, http://www.turkishfurniture.org/Eklenti/76,oaibmobilyasektorraporu2016.pdf
• URL-2. Republic of Turkey Social Security Institution, (2016). Annual statistics for the Turkey. http://www.sgk.gov.tr/wps/portal/sgk/tr/kurumsal/istatistik/sgk_istatistik_yilliklari (accessed 06 May 2016).
• Wu, Q.; Vlosky, R. P. (2000). Panel products: a perspective from furniture and cabinet manufacturers in the southern Unites States. For Prod J 50:45–50,
• Yıldırım, K.; Söğütlü, C.; Döngel, N.; Çakır, M. (2013). The effects of quality and standardization on marketing in Turkish furniture industry. Journal of Polytechnic 16:9-17. (in Turkish).
• Yurdakul, Ü.; Çolak, M.; Çetin, T. (2013). Furniture industry raw materials and problems for supply. Journal of Forestry Faculty of Kastamonu University 13:220-227. (in Turkish).