DC Raylı sistem trafo merkezlerinde geçici olayların analizi ve PLL tabanlı dinamik voltaj düzenleyici uygulaması

Abstract

Yıldırımlar, kısa devreler, arızalar ve anahtarlamalar güç sistemlerinde geçici olayların oluşumuna neden olmaktadır. Anlık oluşan bu durum akım veya gerilimde genlik değerininin yükselmesine veya düşmesine sebep olmaktadır. Elektrik güç sistemleri için kararlılık çok kritiktir. Bu yüzden güç sistemlerinde oluşan bu geçici durumların analiz edilerek gerekli tedbirlerin alınması gerekmektedir. Raylı sistemler için işletme sürekliliği kritik bir öneme sahip olduğu için işletmenin durmaması için bu tip elektriksel geçici durumlar özellikle dikkate alınmalıdır. Bu çalışmada DC beslemeli raylı sistem trafo merkezlerinde bulunan orta gerilim sistemlerinde oluşabilecek geçici rejimlerin analizi ve bu durumun dinamik voltaj düzenleyici uygulaması ile ortadan kaldırılması araştırılmıştır. Orta gerilim sisteminde gerçekleşebilecek kısa devre arıza durumu ve gerilim yükselmesi durumları incelenmiştir. Voltaj düzenleyici devresi için IGBT’lerden oluşturulan güç elektroniği devresi kullanılmıştır. Geçici rejimlerin oluşturduğu etki ve voltaj düzenleyici devresinin sisteme bağlanmasından sonraki duruma ait benzetim yapılarak sağlanan iyileştirme durumu ortaya konulmuştur. Yüke uygulanan gerilimin genliği, kaynak geriliminin genliğiyle aynı seviyeye getirilmiştir.

Keywords

• Dinamik
• Düzenleyici
• Gerilim
• Raylı
• Trafo

Analysis of transient events in DC rail system substations and application of PLL based dynamic voltage regulator

Abstract

Short circuits, lightning, faults and switching cause transient cases in power systems. This Instantaneous situation give rise to change in the amplitude of the current and the voltage. Voltage regularity is critical in electrical power systems. Therefore this transient cases should be considered and analyzed for the prevention of these events. This kind of electrical transient events are especially must be studied because of the importance of the operation continuity in railway systems. In this study, transient analysis of medium voltage systems in DC rail system substations with a solution by dynamic voltage regulator application is researched. Medium voltage short circuit fault case and voltage swell are examined. Power electronic circuit with IGBT’s is used for the voltage regulation circuit. Transient voltage and the electrical situation after the connection of the dynamic voltage regulator to the circuit are simulated and the results given with the restoration. Load voltage amplitude is leveled with the source voltage amplitude.

Keywords

• Dynamic
• Rail
• Regulator
• Transformator
• Voltage

References

1. D. V. Tien, R. Gono, Z. Leonowicz, “A multifunctional dynamic voltage restorer for power quality improvement,” Energies, no. 11, pp. 1351-1368, 2018.
2. W. N. Chang, K. D. Yeh, “Design and implementation of DSTATCOM for fast load compensation of unbalanced loads,” Journal of Marine Science and Technology, no. 17, pp. 257-263, 2009.
3. R. Jadeja, S. Patel, S. Chauhan, “STATCOM, a preface to power quality in power systems performance,” Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 895-905, 2016.
4. R. Azim, A. Hoque, “A fuzzy logic based dynamic voltage restorer for voltage sag and swell mitigation for ındustrial ınduction motor loads,” International Journal of Computer Applications, no. 30, pp. 9-18, 2011.
5. M. Suliman, “Design of fast real time controller for the dynamic voltage restorer based on ınstantaneous power theory,” International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 1-6, 2016.
6. M. E. C. Brito, M. Cavalcanti, M. C. Limongi, L. R. Neves, F. A. S. Neves, “Low cost dynamic voltage restorer,” International Conference on Renewable Energies and Power Quality, 2012, pp. 28-30.
7. N. L. Ismail, H. D. M. Hidzir, S. Thanakodi, N. S. M. Nazar, P Ibrahim, C. Ali, “Modelling voltage sag mitigation using dynamic voltage restorer and analyzing power quality issue,” AIP Conference Proceedings 1930, pp. 1-8, 2018.
8. K. Askar, “Simulation of pı with fuzzy logic controller based dynamic voltage restorer as voltage sag restorer in distribution system,” International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, no. 4, pp. 6257-6267, 2015.

9. R. Pal., S. Gupta, “State of the Art: Dynamic Voltage Restorer for Power Quality Improvement,” Electrical & Computer Engineering: An International Journal, no. 4, pp. 79-98, 2015.
10. A. Tavakoli, M. K. Sani, H. Eisazadeh, S. S. Malfejani, B. T. , Mozan, M. Hatef, “Design of anfıs controller for dynamic voltage restorer in order to improve ivrt,” Palma Journal, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 268-278, 2017.
11. M. Banaei, E. Salary, “Dynamic voltage restorer based on high-frequency ısolated dc-dc converter,” Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 47-39, 2013.
12. C. Ratna, T. Kishore, “Improving the compensation capacity of interline dynamic voltage restorer,” International Journal on Information Theory, no. 6, pp. 1-12, 2017.
13. D. Samira, F. Brahim, B. Chellali, “Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system based dvr controller design,” Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies, no. 10, pp. 49-64, 2010.
14. O. Patrick, R. Tiako, I. Davidson, “Application of dynamic voltage restorer for power quality improvement in low voltage electrical power distribution network: an overview,” International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa, no. 28, pp. 142-156, 2017.
15. V. Latha, P. Valsalal, “Performance enhancement of a dynamic voltage restorer,” Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences, no. 25, pp. 2293-2307, 2017.
16. B. Singh, P. Jayaprakash, D. P. Kothari, A. Chandra, K. Haddad, “New control algorithm for capacitor supported dynamic voltage restorer,” Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Application, no. 3, pp. 277-286, 2011.
17. M. Aswathy, R. Jayabarathi, “Low cost embedded system for voltage sag analysis,” International Journal of Computer Applications, no. 98, pp. 10-15, 2014.
18. S. Kiranmai, A. Laxmi, “Hardware for classification of power quality problems in three phase system using microcontroller,” Cogent Engineering, no. 4, pp. 1-10, 2017.
19. X. Chen, Q. Xie, X. Bian and B. Shen, "Energy-saving superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) based interline DC dynamic voltage restorer," CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 238-248, 2022.
20. S. Ranjan, D. C. Das, A. Latif, N. Sinha, S. M. S. Hussain and T. S. Ustun, "Maiden Voltage Control Analysis of Hybrid Power System With Dynamic Voltage Restorer," IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 60531-60542, 2021.
21. K. H. Tan, J. H. Chen and Y. D. Lee, "Intelligent Controlled Dynamic Voltage Restorer for Improving Transient Voltage Quality," IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 74686-74701, 2023.