Kompozit levhaların mekanik özelliklerindeki değişkenliği üzerinde üretim prosesi ve malzeme parametrelerinin etkisinin incelenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada reçine transfer kalıplama (RTM) yöntemiyle üretilen kompozit levhaların mekanik özelliklerindeki değişkenliğinde proses ve malzeme parametrelerinin etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, kompozit levhaların üretimi için bir RTM prosesinden yararlanılmıştır. Proseste kullanılan kalıp, ısıtmalı, tam kapalı, tek veya çift noktadan enjeksiyon uygulanabilen metal bir kalıp olup vakum desteği sayesinde kalıp içindeki hava proses süresince boşaltılabilmektedir. Çalışmada kullanılan proses parametreleri ise enjeksiyon basıncı, kürleme basıncı, enjeksiyon nokta sayısı ve ortam sıcaklığıdır. Kompozit plaka imalatı için matris olarak düşük viskoziteli ticari bir polyester reçine, fiber olarak ise 500 g/m²’lik iki-yönlü cam-dokuma kumaş kullanılmıştır. Proses sonunda kalıptan her biri 6 tabakalı, 0.5×0.5 m boyutlarında, farklı kalınlık ve fiber hacimlerinde toplam 10 adet kompozit levha üretilmiştir. Levhalardan 0°/90°, 15°/75°, 30°/60° ve 45°/45° fiber oryantasyonlarında standartlara uygun numuneler kesilmiştir. Numuneler, mekanik özelliklerini belirlemek için çekme ve eğme testlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Toplam 367 adet numune test edilmiş ve elde edilen veriler SPSS-24 yazılımıyla istatistik olarak analiz edilmiştir. Mekanik özelliklerin, enjeksiyon basıncı, enjeksiyon nokta sayısı ve ortam sıcaklığı gibi proses parametreleri ile fiber oryantasyonu ve levha kalınlığı gibi malzeme parametrelerinden etkilendiği tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Cam-dokuma kumaş
• kompozit levha üretimi
• mekanik özellikler
• proses ve malzeme parametreleri

Investigation of the effect of production process and material parameters on the variability of mechanical properties of composite sheets

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of process and material parameters on the variability of mechanical properties of composite sheets produced by resin transfer molding. For this purpose, an RTM process was utilized for the production of composite sheets. The mold used in the process is a heated, fully closed metal mold that can be used for single or double point injection, and thanks to the vacuum support, the air in the mold can be evacuated during the process. The process parameters used in the study were injection pressure, curing pressure, number of injection points and ambient temperature. The composite sheets were fabricated using low-viscosity commercial polyester resin as the matrix and bidirectional woven-glass fabric of 500 g/m² as the fiber. A total of 10 composite sheets which have six layers, 0.5×0.5 m in size and of various thicknesses and fiber volumes, were produced at the end of the process. Standard test specimens were cut from the sheets at 0°/90°, 15°/75°, 30°/60° and 45°/45° fiber orientations. The specimens were subjected to tensile and flexural tests to determine their mechanical properties. SPSS-24 software was used to statistically analyze the data from a total of 367 samples. Mechanical properties are influenced by process and material parameters such as injection pressure, number of injection points, ambient temperature, fiber orientation and sheet thickness, respectively.

Keywords

• Woven-glass fabric
• production of composite sheet
• mechanical properties
• process and material parameters

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