Indium doping on the structural, surface and optical properties of CdS thin films prepared by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 2, 264 - 274, 10.10.2017

Şilan Baturay

https://doi.org/10.25092/baunfbed.342553

Cited By: 4

Öz

CdS nanostructures are important and useful
materials for photovoltaic applications. In this paper, pure CdS and In doped
CdS (CdS:In) thin films were fabricated on soda lime glass substrate using
ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) method, to investigate the effect In
concentration on the structural behavior, surface and optical properties of the
CdS thin films by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and
Ultraviolet–visible (Uv-vis) spectrophotometry. X-ray diffraction patterns of
the pure and In doped CdS films indicated that pure CdS film had a mixed of
cubic and hexagonal structure with polycrystalline nature while In doped CdS
had a hexagonal structure with polycrystalline nature. Increasing the In doping
ratio improve the (002) preferential orientation. The optical properties of the
In-doped CdS and pure CdS films showed that the energy band gap of the In-doped
CdS is a slightly lower than the energy band gap of the pure CdS film. The
surface properties of the films showed that all thin films are compact and
uniform.

Anahtar Kelimeler

CdS, Indium doping, Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis, structural properties

Ultrasonik sprey piroliz yöntemiyle hazırlanan CdS ince filmlerin yapı, yüzey ve optik özelliklerine In katkısının etkisi

Öz

CdS nanoyapılar fotovoltaik
uygulamalar için önemli ve yararlı malzemelerdir. Bu çalışmada, katkısız CdS ve
In katkılı CdS (CdS: In) ince filmler ultrasonik sprey piroliz (USP) yöntemi
kullanılarak cam alttaş üzerine büyütüldü ve X ışını kırınımı (XRD), Atomik
Kuvvet Mikroskopisi (AFM) ve spektrofotometri ile CdS ince filmlerin yapısal
davranışları, yüzeyleri ve optik özellikleri üzerine konsantrasyonun etkisini
araştırıldı. Saf ve In katkılı CdS filmlerin X-ışını kırınım desenleri, saf CdS
filmin polikristal yapıya sahip bir kübik ve altıgenken, In katkılı CdS'nin
polikristal yapılı altıgen bir yapıya sahip olduğunu görüldü. In katkılama
oranının arttırılması tercihli yönelimi (002) artırdı. In-katkılı CdS ve saf
CdS filmlerin optik özellikleri In-katkılı CdS'nin enerji bant aralığının saf
CdS filmin enerji bant aralığından biraz daha düşük olduğunu görüldü. Filmlerin
yüzey özelliklerinden tüm ince filmlerin kompakt ve düzgün olduğunu
görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

CdS, İndiyum katkılama, Ultrasonik sprey piroliz, yapısal özellikler

Kaynakça

• Aldakov, D., Lefrançois A. and Reiss P., Ternary and quaternary metal chalcogenide nanocrystals: synthesis, properties and applications. Journal of Materials Chemistry C1, 24, 3756-3776, (2013).
• Yousefi, R., F. Jamali-Sheini and A.K. Zak. Metal chalcogenide hierarchical nanostructures for energy conversion devices. Metal Chalcogenide Nanostructures for Renewable Energy Applications, 189-232, (2014).
• Rmili, A., Ouachtari F., Bouaoud A., Louardi A., Chtouki T., Elidrissi B. and Erguig H., Structural, optical and electrical properties of Ni-doped CdS thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 557, 53-59, (2013).
• Karakaya, S., Gençyilmaz O. and Özbas Ö., In katkılı CdS filmlerinin optik, elektriksel ve yüzeysel özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi ,14(2), 52-58, (2012).
• Graf, A., Maticiuc N., Spalatu N., Mikli V., Mere A., Gavrilov A. and Hiie J., Electrical characterization of annealed chemical-bath-deposited CdS films and their application in superstrate configuration CdTe/CdS solar cells. Thin Solid Films, 582, 351-355, (2015).
• Khosroabadi, S., Keshmiri S. and Marjani S., Design of a high efficiency CdS/CdTe solar cell with optimized step doping, film thickness, and carrier lifetime of the absorption layer. Journal of the European Optical Society-Rapid publications, 9, (2014).
• Yilmaz, S., Atasoy Y., Tomakin M. and Bacaksiz E., Comparative studies of CdS, CdS:Al, CdS:Na and CdS:(Al-Na) thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis. Superlattices and Microstructures, 88, 299-307, (2015).
• Eskandari, P., Kazemi F. and Azizian-Kalandaragh Y., Convenient preparation of CdS nanostructures as a highly efficient photocatalyst under blue led and solar light irradiation. Separation and Purification Technology, 120, 180-185, (2013).
• Li, G.-S., Zhang D.-Q. and Yu J.C., A New Visible-light photocatalyst: CdS quantum dots embedded mesoporous TiO2. Environmental Science and Technology, 43, 18, 7079-7085, (2009).
• Mahdi, M., Hassan J., Ahmed N.M., Ng S. and Hassan Z., Growth and Characterization of Cds single-crystalline micro-rod photodetector. Superlattices and Microstructures, 54, 137-145, (2013).
• Meng, J., Yu Z., Li Y. and Li Y., Pds-Modified Cds/Nis Composite as an efficient photocatalyst for H2 evolution in visible light. Catalysis Today, 225, 136-141, (2014).
• Wondmagegn, W., Mejia I., Salas-Villasenor A., Stiegler H., Quevedo-Lopez M., Pieper R. and Gnade B., Cds thin film transistor for inverter and operational amplifier circuit applications. Microelectronic Engineering, 157, 64-70, (2016).
• Zhang, Y., Zhang N., Tang Z.-R. and Xu Y.-J., Graphene transforms wide band gap ZnS to a visible light photocatalyst. The new role of graphene as a macromolecular photosensitizer. ACS Nano, 6, 11, 9777-9789, (2012).
• Baghchesara, M.A., Yousefi R., Cheraghizade M., Jamali-Sheini F. and Saáedi A., Photocurrent Application of Zn-Doped Cds Nanostructures Grown by Thermal Evaporation Method. Ceramics International, 42, 1, 1891-1896, (2016).
• Ma, L., Ai X.and Wu X., Effect of substrate and Zn doping on the structural, optical and electrical properties of CdSs thin films prepared by CBD method. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 691, 399-406, (2017).
• Yang, X., Wang Z., Lv X., Wang Y. and Jia H., Enhanced photocatalytic activity of Zn-doped dendritic-like CdS structures synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 329, 175-181, (2016).
• Hurma, T. Effect of cerium incorporation on the structural and optical properties of Cds film. Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 127, 22, 10670-10675, (2016).
• Nabi, A. The electronic and the magnetic properties of Mn doped wurtzite CdS: first-principles calculations. Computational Materials Science, 112, 210-218, (2016).
• Shaban, M., Mustafa M. and El Sayed A., Structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of the spray deposited nanoporous CdS thin films; influence of copper doping, annealing, and deposition parameters. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 56, 329-343, (2016).
• Darwish, M., Mohammadi A. and Assi N., Integration of nickel doping with loading on graphene for enhanced adsorptive and catalytic properties of CdS nanoparticles towards visible light degradation of some antibiotics. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 320, 304-314, (2016).
• Al-Zahrani, J., El-Hagary M. and El-Taher A., gamma irradiation induced effects on optical properties and single oscillator parameters of Fe-doped CdS diluted magnetic semiconductors thin films. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 39, 74-78, (2015).
• George, P., Sanchez A., Nair P. and Nair M., Doping of chemically deposited intrinsic CdS thin films to N type by thermal diffusion of indium. Applied Physics Letters, 66, 26, 3624-3626, (1995).
• Xu, J., Quan S., Zou Z., Guo P., Lu Y., Yan H. and Luo Y., Color-tunable photoluminescence from in-doped CdS nanowires. Chemical Physics Letters, 652, 216-219, (2016).
• Jie, J., Zhang W., Bello I., Lee C.-S. and Lee S.-T., One-dimensional Ii–Vi nanostructures: synthesis, properties and optoelectronic applications. Nano Today, 5, 4, 313-336, (2010).
• Poornima, K., Krishnan K.G., Lalitha B. and Raja M., CdS quantum dots sensitized Cu doped Zno nanostructured thin films for solar cell applications. Superlattices and Microstructures, 83, 147-156, (2015).
• Saravanan, L., Jayavel R., Pandurangan A., Jih-Hsin L. and Hsin-Yuan M., Influence of Sm doping on the microstructural properties of CdS nanocrystals. Powder Technology, 266, 407-411, (2014).
• Thambidurai, M., Muthukumarasamy N., Velauthapillai D., Agilan S. and Balasundaraprabhu R., Impedance spectroscopy and dielectric properties of cobalt doped CdS nanoparticles. Powder Technology, 217, 1-6, (2012).
• Orlianges, J.-C., Champeaux C., Dutheil P., Catherinot A. and Mejean T.M., Structural, electrical and optical properties of carbon-doped CdS thin films prepared by pulsed-laser deposition. Thin Solid Films ,519, 21, 7611-7614, (2011).
• Hernandez-Como, N., Berrellez-Reyes F., Mizquez-Corona R., Ramirez-Esquivel O., Mejia I. and Quevedo-Lopez M., CdS-based pin diodes using indium and copper doped CdS films by pulsed laser deposition. Semiconductor science and technology, 30, 6, 065003, (2015).
• Ziabari, A.A. and Ghodsi F., Growth, Characterization and studying of sol–gel derived CdS Nanoscrystalline thin films incorporated in polyethyleneglycol: effects of post-heat treatment. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 105, 249-262, (2012).
• Rittner, E.S. and Schulman J.H., Studies on the coprecipitation of cadmium and mercuric sulfides. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 47, 8, 537-543, (1943).
• Khallaf, H., Chai G., Lupan O., Chow L., Park S. and Schulte A., Characterization of gallium-doped CdS thin films grown by chemical bath deposition. Applied Surface Science, 255, 7, 4129-4134, (2009).
• Zelaya‐Angel, O., Alvarado‐Gil J., Lozada‐Morales R., Vargas H. and Ferreira da Silva A., Band‐gap shift in CdS semiconductor by photoacoustic spectroscopy: evidence of a cubic to hexagonal lattice transition. Applied Physics Letters, 64, 3, 291-293, (1994).
• Suzuki, T., Yagi T., Akimoto S.I., Kawamura T., Toyoda S. and Endo S., Compression behavior of CdS and Bp up to 68 Gpa. Journal of Applied Physics, 54, 2, 748-751, (1983).
• Kaur, I., Pandya D.and Chopra K., Growth kinetics and polymorphism of chemically deposited CdS films. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 127, 4, 943-948, (1980).
• Al-Douri, Y., Khasawneh Q., Kiwan S., Hashim U., Hamid S.A., Reshak A., Bouhemadou A., Ameri M. and Khenata R., Structural and optical insights to enhance solar cell performance of CdS nanostructures. Energy Conversion and Management, 82, 238-243, (2014).
• Megahid, N., Wakkad M., Shokr E.K. and Abass N., Microstructure and electrical conductivity of in-doped CdS thin films. Physica B: Condensed Matter 353, 3, 150-163, (2004).
• Gupta, R., Ghosh K., Patel R., Mishra S. and Kahol P., Structural, optical and electrical properties of in doped CdO thin films for optoelectronic applications. Materials Letters 62, 19, 3373-3375, (2008).
• Muthusamy, M. and Muthukumaran S., Effect of Cu-doping on structural, optical and photoluminescence properties of CdS thin films. Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 126, 24, 5200-5206, (2015).
• Pelleg, J. and Elish E., stress changes in chemical vapor deposition tungsten silicide (polycide) film measured by x-ray diffraction. Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, 20, 3, 754-761, (2002).
• Garcia, L., Loredo S., Shaji S., Martinez J.A., Avellaneda D., Roy T.D. and Krishnan B., Structure and properties of Cds thin films prepared by pulsed laser assisted chemical bath deposition. Materials Research Bulletin, 83, 459-467, (2016).
• Tauc, J., Absorption edge and internal electric fields in amorphous semiconductors. Materials Research Bulletin, 5, 8, 721-729, (1970).
• Weller, H., Colloidal semiconductor q‐particles: chemistry in the transition region between solid state and molecules. Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English, 32, 1, 41-53, (1993).