Avrupa Birliği: İdeoloji ve sembolizm

Year 2025, Volume: 28 Issue: 53, 305 - 315, 12.06.2025

Ziya Kıvanç Kıraç

https://doi.org/10.31795/baunsobed.1552115

Abstract

Ulus devletler modern zamanların cazip devlet sistemlerini oluşturur. Oluşan yeni düzende seküler dünya görüşü üzerine kurulan ulus devlet sembollerle inşa edilir. Bayrak, marş, tören gibi sembolik içerikler sayesinde insanlar kültürel birlik inşa ederler. Aynı zamanda ait oldukları devlete şükran duyar ve bir arada olmayı kutsarlar. Biz olma hissi ulusu sağlamlaştıran en temel unsurdur. Avrupalılık fikri ile genişleyen Avrupa Birliği de bir üst kimlik inşa etmek için çeşitli sembolik içeriklerden faydalanmaya çalışmaktadır. Birleşik bir Avrupa fikri yeni olmamakla birlikte Avrupalılık kavramı nispeten yenidir. Ulusal kimliği aşan yeni bir kimlik tasarlamak yine de birlik hissini güçlendirecek ortak değerler bulma zorunluluğunu ortaya çıkarır. Ulus devlete ait sembollerin ulus aşırı bir sistemde nasıl iş gördüklerini görmek açısından Avrupa Birliği önemli bir örnektir. Bir iktisadi bütünleşme olarak yola çıkan birliğin son dönem çalışmaları bağlamında çalışma, Ulus devletler açısından işlevsel olan sembollerin farklı bir sistemde nasıl konumlandığı üzerine kurulmuştur. Avrupa Birliği’ne dair siyasi saptamalar bu bağlamda yapılmıştır.

Keywords

İdeoloji, Sembolizm, Siyasal İletişim, Ulus Devlet, Avrupa Birliği

European Union: Ideology and symbolism

Abstract

Nation states constitute the attractive state systems of modern times. In the new order, the nation state, which is founded on a secular worldview, is built with symbols. Through symbolic contents such as flags, anthems and ceremonies, people build cultural unity. At the same time, they feel gratitude to the state to which they belong and bless being together. The feeling of being us is the most fundamental element that consolidates the nation. The European Union, which is expanding with the idea of Europeanness, is also trying to utilize various symbolic contents to build a super-identity. While the idea of a united Europe is not new, the concept of Europeanness is relatively new. Designing a new identity that transcends national identity nevertheless creates the necessity of finding common values to strengthen the sense of unity. The European Union is an important example of how the symbols of the nation-state work in a transnational system. In the context of recent studies of the union, which started out as an economic integration, the study is based on how symbols that are functional for nation states are positioned in a different system. Political determinations on European Union have been made in this context.

Keywords

Ideology, Symbolism, Political Communication, Nation State, European Union

Ethical Statement

Yukarıda bilgileri yer almakta olan çalışmamın nicel veri analizi gerektiren anket, Mülakat ve benzeri metotları kullanmaması sebebiyle etik kurul izni gerektirmeyen çalışmalar arasında yer aldığını beyan ederim.

References

• Adonnino, P. (1985). A peoples europe. Office for Official Publications of the EuropeanCommunities.https://aei.pitt.edu/992/1/andonnino_report_peoples_europe.pdf
• Ballandier, G. (1972). Political anthropology. Penguin Books
• Billig, M. (1995). Banal nationalism. Sage Publication
• Bloom, W. (1990). Personal identity, national identity, and international relations. Cambridge University Press
• Bouchard, G. (2016). Europe in search of europeans the road identity and myth. Jacques Delours Institue
• Caldwell, C. (2009). Reflections on the revolution in europe. Anchor Books
• Cassirer, E. (1961). The myth of the state. Yale University Press
• Dinan, D. (2004). A history of european union. Lyenne Reiner Publisher
• Eco, U. (1995). The search for the perfect language. Blackwell
• Eagleton, T. (2016). Culture. Yale University Press
• Eisenstadt, S. N. (2000). Multiple modernities. Daedalus. Vol: 129. No: 1. pp. 1–29.
• Fukuyama, F. (1992). The end of history and last man. Free Press
• Giddens, A. (1985). The nation-state and violence. Polity Press
• Habermas, J. (2001). The postnational constellation. MIT Press
• http://ec.europa.eu/education/policies/lang/languages/eurobarometer06_en.html
• https://europeanconstitution.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/European-Constitution-Full-Text.pdf
• https://european-union.europa.eu/principles-countries-history/symbols/eu-motto_en
• https://www.ab.gov.tr/_262.html
• https://www.ab.gov.tr/avrupa-birligi-amblemi_108.html
• Kagan, R. (2004). Of Paradise and Power. Vintage Books
• Keating, M. (1993). The politics of modern europe. Edward Elgar Publishing
• Kertzer, D. (1988). Ritual politics and power. Yale University Press
• Kertzer, D. (1997). Anhropological demography: toward a new synthesis. University of Chicago Press
• Kissinger, H. (1994). Diplomacy. Simon & Schuster
• Krotz, U. (2002). Social content of the international sphere: Symbols and meaning in franco-german relations. https://aei.pitt.edu/9294/1/Krotz2.pdf
• Lewellen, T.C. (2003). Political anthropology: an introduction. Praeger
• Northcutt, W. (1991). Francois mitterrand and the political use of symbols: the construction of a centrist republic. French Historical Studies. Spring, 1991: Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 141-158
• Pegg, C. H. (1983). Evolution of the european idea, 1914-1932. University of North Carolina Press
• Poggi, G. (1978). The development of the modern state. Stanford University Press
• Roskin, M.G. (2006). Countries and concepts: politics, geography, culture. 9th. Ed. Pearson Publishing
• Shore, C. (2000). Building europe: The cultural politics of european integration. Routledge
• Sides, J. and Citrin, J. (2007). European opinion about immigration: the role of identities, interests and information. British Journal of Political Science. Vol: 37, No:3, pp. 477-504
• Smith, A. (1991). National identity. Penguin Books
• Swaan, A. (2001). Word of the world- the global language system. Polity Press