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İneklerde Beden Dili ve Sürü Yönetimi

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 148 - 161, 25.12.2020

Abstract

İşletme büyüklüklerinin ve üretimin artması sığırlarda davranış formlarının farklılaşmasına yol açmıştır. Belirli hastalıklar, rahatsız edici faktörler, beslenme yetersizlikleri, üreme gibi olaylarda sığırların nasıl tepki verdiklerinin bilinmesi sürü idaresi bakımından önemli bulunmaktadır. Hayvanların normal davranışları ile belirli olaylar veya şartlar karşısındaki davranışları farklı olmaktadır. Davranış değişiklikleri, iyi bir şekilde gözlenirse ve buna uygun tedbirler alınırsa hayvanların daha konforlu, sağlıklı oldukları ve dolayısıyla daha iyi performans gösterdikleri bildirilmektedir. Bu derlemede ineklerin daha mutlu ve refah içerisinde olabilmeleri için davranışların nasıl gözlenmesi ve gözlenen davranışların nasıl değerlendirilmesi gerektiği konularında bilgiler verilmiştir.

References

  • Akbaş, A. A. (2013). Çiftlik hayvanlarında davranış ve refah ilişkisi. MAKÜ Sağ. Bil. Enst. Derg., 1(1): 42-49.
  • Akçapınar, H., Özbeyaz, C. (1999). Hayvan yetiştiriciliği temel bilgileri. 1. Baskı. Kariyer Matbaacılık. ISBN:975-96978-0-7, Ankara.
  • Alıç, Ural, D., Ural, K., Erdoğan, H., Erdogan, S., Paşa, S., Gültekin, M., Türk, E., Aydın, S. (2019). Sınırlı Fleckvieh ırkı bir sığır popülasyonunda saha şartlarına yönelik dışkı skorlaması. Atatürk Üniversitesi Vet. Bil. Derg., 14(2), 201-208. DOI: 10.17094/ataunivbd.492776.
  • Altınçekiç, Ş. Ö., Koyuncu, M. (2012). Çiftlik Hayvanları ve Stres. Hayvansal Üretim, 53(1), 27-37.
  • Anonim, (2008). İnekler konuşur. https://www.intravet.wordpress.com. Erişim Tarihi: 10.04.2015.
  • Anonim, (2020). Sürü idaresinde başarı için püf noktalar. https:// www.amasyadsyb.org, Erişim Tarihi: 08.01.2020.
  • Anonymous, (2018). Farm Management. Lely Scoring Cards. https://www.lely.com. Erişim Tarihi: 22.11.2018.
  • Anonymous, (2019). Cow Signals. https://www.roodbont.nl. Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2015.
  • Anonymous, (2020a). Animal Welfare. https://www.oie.int/en/animal-welfare/animal-welfare-at-a-glance/. Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2020.
  • Anonymous, (2020b). Locomotion scoring tool. http://www.milkproduction.com/ Tools--Guides/Locomotion-scoring-tool/. Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2020.
  • Anonymous, (2020c). Understanding dairy cattle behavior to avoid animal-related accidents on the farm. https://nydairyadmin.cce.cornell.edu/uploads/doc_103.pdf.
  • Arave, C. W., Albright, J. L. (1981). Cattle behavior. Journal of Dairy Science, 64(6), 1318-1324.
  • Arıcı, İ., Şimşek, E., Yaslıoğlu, E. (2001). Süt Sığırı Ahırlarının Planlanması. Sütaş Yetiştirici El Kitabı, Süt Hayvancılığı Eğitim Merkezi, Yayın No: 4, Bursa.
  • Arslan, C. (2009). İneklerde beslenme davranışları. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg,15(4), 641-648.
  • Atkins, I., Choi, C. Y., Holmes B. (2020). Dairy cooling: The benefits and strategies. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Dept. of Biological Systems Engineering. https://fyi.extension.wisc.edu/dairy/resources/dairy-facilities-modernization/
  • Bareille, N., Beaudeau, F., Billon, S., Robert, A., Faverdin, P. (2003). Effects of health disorders on feed intake and milk production in dairy cows. Livest. Prod. Sci., 83(1), 53-62. DOI: 10.1016/S0301-6226(03)00040-X.
  • Beauchemin, K. A. (2018). Invited review: Current perspectives on eating and rumination activity in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 101(6), 4762-4784. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13706.
  • Dawkins, M. S. (2004). Using behaviour to assess animal welfare. Animal Welfare Journal. 13(1), 3-7. https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ufaw/aw/2004/00000013/A00101s1/art00002.
  • DeOliveira, D., Keeling L. J. (2018). Routine activities and emotion in the life of dairy cows: Integrating body language into an affective state framework. PLoS ONE 13(5):e0195674. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195674.
  • DeVries, T. J., Keyserlingk, M. A. G., Weary, D. M., Beauchemin, K. A. (2003). Validation of a system for monitoring feeding behavior of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 86(11), 3571-3574. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73962-9.
  • Driessen, J. (2015). Herd behavior: cows eat and rest at the same time. https://www.cowsignals.com/blog/herd_behavior. Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2020.
  • Foris, B., Zebunke, M., Langbein, J., Melzer, N. (2019). Comprehensive analysis of affiliative and agonistic social networks in lactating dairy cattle groups. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 210: 60-67, DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2018.10.016.
  • Guadarrama‐Maillot, V., Waas, J. R. (2008). New Zealand trends in animal behaviour research. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 35(4), 305-321, DOI: 10.1080/03014220809510128.
  • Haley, D. B., Rushen, J., de Passillé A. M. (2000). Behavioural indicators of cow comfort: activity and resting behaviour of dairy cows in two types of housing. Can. J. Anim. Sci., 80(2), 257-263. DOI: 10.4141/A99-084.
  • House, H. K. (2015). Lighting options for free stall housing. ISSN 1198-712X, Updated: June 23, 2020. https://www.ontario.ca/page/lighting-options-free-stall-housing.pdf.
  • Hulsen, J. (2013). Cow Signals. The practical quide for dairy cow management. ISBN: 978-90-75280-75-3. Roodbont Publishers B.V. Netherlands. http://www.cowsignals.com.
  • Leliveld, L.M., Provolo, G. (2020). A review of welfare indicators of indoor-housed dairy cow as a basis for integrated automatic welfare assessment systems. Animals, 10(8), 1430, DOI: 10.3390/ani10081430
  • Lindsay, D. R. (1996). Environment and reproductive behaviour. Animal Reproduction Science, 42(1-4), 1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0378-4320(96)01527-8.
  • Marino, L., Allen, K. (2017). The psychology of cows. Animal Behavior and Cognition, 4(4), 474-498. DOI: 10.26451/abc.04.04.06.2017.
  • Moran, J., Doyle, R. (2020). Cow talk. 234 s. http://www.publish.csiro.au/ebook/7929.
  • Özbeyaz, C. (2019). Sığır Yetiştiriciliği. Ders Notları. Ankara Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi. Ankara.
  • Rhoads, M. L., Rhoads, R. P., VanBaale, M. J., Collier, R. J., Sanders, S. R., Weber, W. J., Crooker, B. A., Baumgard, L. H. (2009). Effects of heat stress and plane of nutrition on lactating Holstein cows: I. Production, metabolism, and aspects of circulating somatotropin. Journal of Dairy Science 92(5), 1986-1997. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2008-1641.
  • Robinson, P. H. (2013). Locomotion scoring your cows. Cooperative Extension Specialist University of California, Davis CA 95616-8521.
  • Rushen, J., de Passillé, A. M., von Keyserlingk, M. A. G., Weary, D. M. (2008). The Welfare of Cattle. Springer. Dordrecht, The Netherlands. ISBN 978-1-4020-6558-3.
  • Schirmann, K., Chapinal, N., Weary, D. M., Heuwieser, W., von Keyserlingk, M. A. G. (2012). Rumination and its relationship to feeding and lying behavior in Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 95(6), 3212-3217. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-4741.
  • Shahhosseini, Y. (2013). Cattle behaviour: Appearance of behaviour in wild and confinement. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bachelor’s Thesis, Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, http://stud.epsilon.slu.se/5659/7/shahhosseini_y_130619.pdf.
  • Sprecher, D. J., Hostetler, D. E., Kanneene, J. B. (1997). A lameness scoring system that uses posture and gait to predict dairy cattle reproductive performance. Theriogenology, 47(6), 1179-1187. DOI: 10.1016/S0093-691X(97)00098-8.
  • Taraba, J. (2013). Compost bedded pack barns-composting and design considerations. University of Kentucky, Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, http://www.southerndairyconference. com/Documents/2013Taraba.pdf.
  • Yakan, A., Ünal, N., Akçapınar, H. (2007). Keçilerde davranış. Lalahan Hay. Araşt. Enst. Derg., 47(1): 39-47.
  • Yavuz, S. T. (2014). Sütçü çiftliklerde stres yönetimi. http://www.atafen.com.tr. Erişim Tarihi: 06.01.2020.

Herd Management and Body Language in Cows

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 148 - 161, 25.12.2020

Abstract

Increasing farm sizes and production led to the differentiation of behavior forms in cattle. Knowing how cattle react to certain diseases, disturbing factors, nutritional deficiencies, and reproduction is important for herd management. The normal behavior of animals is different from that of certain events or conditions. If behavioral changes are well observed and appropriate precautions are taken, animals are reported to be more comfortable, healthy and therefore show better performance. In this review, information is given about how behaviors should be observed and evaluated to make cows happier and live in welfare.

References

  • Akbaş, A. A. (2013). Çiftlik hayvanlarında davranış ve refah ilişkisi. MAKÜ Sağ. Bil. Enst. Derg., 1(1): 42-49.
  • Akçapınar, H., Özbeyaz, C. (1999). Hayvan yetiştiriciliği temel bilgileri. 1. Baskı. Kariyer Matbaacılık. ISBN:975-96978-0-7, Ankara.
  • Alıç, Ural, D., Ural, K., Erdoğan, H., Erdogan, S., Paşa, S., Gültekin, M., Türk, E., Aydın, S. (2019). Sınırlı Fleckvieh ırkı bir sığır popülasyonunda saha şartlarına yönelik dışkı skorlaması. Atatürk Üniversitesi Vet. Bil. Derg., 14(2), 201-208. DOI: 10.17094/ataunivbd.492776.
  • Altınçekiç, Ş. Ö., Koyuncu, M. (2012). Çiftlik Hayvanları ve Stres. Hayvansal Üretim, 53(1), 27-37.
  • Anonim, (2008). İnekler konuşur. https://www.intravet.wordpress.com. Erişim Tarihi: 10.04.2015.
  • Anonim, (2020). Sürü idaresinde başarı için püf noktalar. https:// www.amasyadsyb.org, Erişim Tarihi: 08.01.2020.
  • Anonymous, (2018). Farm Management. Lely Scoring Cards. https://www.lely.com. Erişim Tarihi: 22.11.2018.
  • Anonymous, (2019). Cow Signals. https://www.roodbont.nl. Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2015.
  • Anonymous, (2020a). Animal Welfare. https://www.oie.int/en/animal-welfare/animal-welfare-at-a-glance/. Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2020.
  • Anonymous, (2020b). Locomotion scoring tool. http://www.milkproduction.com/ Tools--Guides/Locomotion-scoring-tool/. Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2020.
  • Anonymous, (2020c). Understanding dairy cattle behavior to avoid animal-related accidents on the farm. https://nydairyadmin.cce.cornell.edu/uploads/doc_103.pdf.
  • Arave, C. W., Albright, J. L. (1981). Cattle behavior. Journal of Dairy Science, 64(6), 1318-1324.
  • Arıcı, İ., Şimşek, E., Yaslıoğlu, E. (2001). Süt Sığırı Ahırlarının Planlanması. Sütaş Yetiştirici El Kitabı, Süt Hayvancılığı Eğitim Merkezi, Yayın No: 4, Bursa.
  • Arslan, C. (2009). İneklerde beslenme davranışları. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg,15(4), 641-648.
  • Atkins, I., Choi, C. Y., Holmes B. (2020). Dairy cooling: The benefits and strategies. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Dept. of Biological Systems Engineering. https://fyi.extension.wisc.edu/dairy/resources/dairy-facilities-modernization/
  • Bareille, N., Beaudeau, F., Billon, S., Robert, A., Faverdin, P. (2003). Effects of health disorders on feed intake and milk production in dairy cows. Livest. Prod. Sci., 83(1), 53-62. DOI: 10.1016/S0301-6226(03)00040-X.
  • Beauchemin, K. A. (2018). Invited review: Current perspectives on eating and rumination activity in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 101(6), 4762-4784. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13706.
  • Dawkins, M. S. (2004). Using behaviour to assess animal welfare. Animal Welfare Journal. 13(1), 3-7. https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ufaw/aw/2004/00000013/A00101s1/art00002.
  • DeOliveira, D., Keeling L. J. (2018). Routine activities and emotion in the life of dairy cows: Integrating body language into an affective state framework. PLoS ONE 13(5):e0195674. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195674.
  • DeVries, T. J., Keyserlingk, M. A. G., Weary, D. M., Beauchemin, K. A. (2003). Validation of a system for monitoring feeding behavior of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 86(11), 3571-3574. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73962-9.
  • Driessen, J. (2015). Herd behavior: cows eat and rest at the same time. https://www.cowsignals.com/blog/herd_behavior. Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2020.
  • Foris, B., Zebunke, M., Langbein, J., Melzer, N. (2019). Comprehensive analysis of affiliative and agonistic social networks in lactating dairy cattle groups. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 210: 60-67, DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2018.10.016.
  • Guadarrama‐Maillot, V., Waas, J. R. (2008). New Zealand trends in animal behaviour research. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 35(4), 305-321, DOI: 10.1080/03014220809510128.
  • Haley, D. B., Rushen, J., de Passillé A. M. (2000). Behavioural indicators of cow comfort: activity and resting behaviour of dairy cows in two types of housing. Can. J. Anim. Sci., 80(2), 257-263. DOI: 10.4141/A99-084.
  • House, H. K. (2015). Lighting options for free stall housing. ISSN 1198-712X, Updated: June 23, 2020. https://www.ontario.ca/page/lighting-options-free-stall-housing.pdf.
  • Hulsen, J. (2013). Cow Signals. The practical quide for dairy cow management. ISBN: 978-90-75280-75-3. Roodbont Publishers B.V. Netherlands. http://www.cowsignals.com.
  • Leliveld, L.M., Provolo, G. (2020). A review of welfare indicators of indoor-housed dairy cow as a basis for integrated automatic welfare assessment systems. Animals, 10(8), 1430, DOI: 10.3390/ani10081430
  • Lindsay, D. R. (1996). Environment and reproductive behaviour. Animal Reproduction Science, 42(1-4), 1-12. DOI: 10.1016/0378-4320(96)01527-8.
  • Marino, L., Allen, K. (2017). The psychology of cows. Animal Behavior and Cognition, 4(4), 474-498. DOI: 10.26451/abc.04.04.06.2017.
  • Moran, J., Doyle, R. (2020). Cow talk. 234 s. http://www.publish.csiro.au/ebook/7929.
  • Özbeyaz, C. (2019). Sığır Yetiştiriciliği. Ders Notları. Ankara Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi. Ankara.
  • Rhoads, M. L., Rhoads, R. P., VanBaale, M. J., Collier, R. J., Sanders, S. R., Weber, W. J., Crooker, B. A., Baumgard, L. H. (2009). Effects of heat stress and plane of nutrition on lactating Holstein cows: I. Production, metabolism, and aspects of circulating somatotropin. Journal of Dairy Science 92(5), 1986-1997. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2008-1641.
  • Robinson, P. H. (2013). Locomotion scoring your cows. Cooperative Extension Specialist University of California, Davis CA 95616-8521.
  • Rushen, J., de Passillé, A. M., von Keyserlingk, M. A. G., Weary, D. M. (2008). The Welfare of Cattle. Springer. Dordrecht, The Netherlands. ISBN 978-1-4020-6558-3.
  • Schirmann, K., Chapinal, N., Weary, D. M., Heuwieser, W., von Keyserlingk, M. A. G. (2012). Rumination and its relationship to feeding and lying behavior in Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 95(6), 3212-3217. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-4741.
  • Shahhosseini, Y. (2013). Cattle behaviour: Appearance of behaviour in wild and confinement. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Bachelor’s Thesis, Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, http://stud.epsilon.slu.se/5659/7/shahhosseini_y_130619.pdf.
  • Sprecher, D. J., Hostetler, D. E., Kanneene, J. B. (1997). A lameness scoring system that uses posture and gait to predict dairy cattle reproductive performance. Theriogenology, 47(6), 1179-1187. DOI: 10.1016/S0093-691X(97)00098-8.
  • Taraba, J. (2013). Compost bedded pack barns-composting and design considerations. University of Kentucky, Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, http://www.southerndairyconference. com/Documents/2013Taraba.pdf.
  • Yakan, A., Ünal, N., Akçapınar, H. (2007). Keçilerde davranış. Lalahan Hay. Araşt. Enst. Derg., 47(1): 39-47.
  • Yavuz, S. T. (2014). Sütçü çiftliklerde stres yönetimi. http://www.atafen.com.tr. Erişim Tarihi: 06.01.2020.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Zootechny (Other), Veterinary Surgery
Journal Section Collection
Authors

Ceyhan Özbeyaz This is me 0000-0002-3748-9992

Selçuk Özbostancı This is me 0000-0002-6765-3888

Publication Date December 25, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Özbeyaz, C., & Özbostancı, S. (2020). İneklerde Beden Dili ve Sürü Yönetimi. Bahri Dağdaş Hayvancılık Araştırma Dergisi, 9(2), 148-161.