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Undergraduate Students’ Writer’s Block in English as an Academic Language: Causes, Coping Strategies Needs

Year 2023, , 1024 - 1046, 28.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.35675/befdergi.1262440

Abstract

This study aims to explore writer’s block in the tertiary education context and draws from 644 senior English language and literature students’ self-reports on producing academic texts in English. A mixed-methods survey design was used to collect data from the participants. Findings showed that both internal and external causes of writer’s block were at work, yet external causes were moderately more influential, while students produced argumentative-critical and expository essays and were influential in the drafting stage of the writing process. Findings also revealed that students pursued continue-to-write and avoid-writing strategies in different combinations to cope with writer’s block and needed to expand their knowledge and experience in drafting, planning, using academic language, coherence, and smooth transitions between sentences and paragraphs. Lastly, findings highlighted the need for clear instructions, studying sample texts, and feedback from teachers to overcome writer’s block. In light of these findings, several pedagogical implications were suggested.

Project Number

Proje değildir.

References

  • Adams-Tukiendorf, M. (2008). Overcoming writer’s block in an MA seminar. Zeitschrift-Schreiben, 8, 1–10.
  • Ahmed, S. J., & Güss, C. D. (2022). An analysis of writer’s block: Causes and solutions. Creativity Research Journal, 34(3), 339–354. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2022.2031436
  • Almacıoğlu, G., & Okan, Z. (2018). Genre-based approach to writing instruction for students at an English Language and literature department. Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 4(1), 71–100. https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.460635
  • Altınmakas, D., & Bayyurt, Y. (2019). An exploratory study on factors influencing undergraduate students’ academic writing practices in Turkey. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 37, 88–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2018.11.006
  • Arıkan, A. (2006). The value of reflection in writing courses in ELT preservice teacher education programs. Asian EFL Journal, 16, 1–16.
  • Baştuğ, M., Ertem, I. S., & Keskin, H. K. (2017). A phenomenological research study on writer’s block: causes, processes, and results. Education + Training, 59(6), 605–618. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-11-2016-0169
  • Bayraktar Balkir, N. (2016). Effects of synectics model on learners’ writing skills in tertiary level English class. (Publication No. 443535). [PhD Dissertation, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University-Çanakkale]. Council of Higher Education.
  • Boice, R. (1985). Cognitive components of blocking. Written Communication, 2(1), 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741088385002001006
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise & Health, 11(4), 589–597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806
  • Breeze, R. (2012). Rethinking academic writing pedagogy for the European university. Rodopi.
  • Cai, L. J. (2017). Students’ perceptions of academic writing: A needs analysis of EAP in China. In K. Kimura., & J. Middlecamp (Eds.), Asian-focused ELT research and practice: Voices from the far edge (pp. 127–151). IDP Education.
  • Castillo, M. (2014). Writer’s block. American Journal of Neuroradiology, 35(6), 1043–1044. https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3729
  • Çelik, S. (2020). Building critical academic writing skills: The impact of instructor feedback on Turkish ELT graduate students. TESL-EJ, 24(3), 1–18.
  • Ceylan, N. O. (2019). Student perceptions of difficulties in second language writing. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(1), 151–157. https://doi.org/10.17263/jlls.547683
  • Charles, M. (2013). English for academic purposes. In B. Paltridge, & S. Starfield (Eds.), The handbook of English for specific purposes (pp. 136–153). Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Cheong, C. M., Luo, N., Zhu, X., Lu, Q., & Wei, W. (2023). Self-assessment complements peer assessment for undergraduate students in an academic writing task. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 48(1), 135–148. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2022.2069225
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2018). Research methods in education (8th ed.). Routledge.
  • Dela Rosa, J. P., & Genuino, C. F. (2018). Correlating writer’s block and ESL learners’ writing quality. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 7(3), 604–612. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v7i3.9810
  • Dolgunsöz, E., Yıldırım, G., & Yıldırım, S. (2018). The effect of virtual reality on EFL writing performance. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 14(1), 278–292.
  • Fatimah, N. (2018). Students’ needs for academic writing at the English education department. English Language Teaching Educational Journal, 1(3), 161–175.
  • Feng, H., Sun, Y., & Zou, Y. (2019). English writing assignments and student’s self-perceived writing needs: A survey of undergraduates at a Chinese University. TESOL Quarterly, 53(3), 857–874. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.511
  • Fernsten, L. A., & Reda, M. (2011) Helping students meet the challenges of academic writing. Teaching in Higher Education, 16(2), 171–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2010.507306
  • Fitzmaurice, M., & O'Farrell, C. (2010). Developing your academic writing skills: A handbook. Trinity Collage Dublin Graham.
  • Flaherty, A. W. (2015). The midnight disease: The drive to write, writer’s block, and the creative brain. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
  • Grabe, W. (2001). Notes toward a theory of second language writing. In T. Silva, & P. K. Matsuda (Eds.), On second language writing (pp. 39–57). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Hamp-Lyons, L. (2001). English for academic purposes. In R. Carter, & D. Nunan (Eds.), The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages (pp. 126–130). Cambridge University Press.
  • Hirvela, A. (2011). Writing to learn in content areas: Research insights. In R. M. Manchon (Ed.), Learning-to-write and writing-to-learn in an additional language (pp. 37–59). John Benjamins Publishing.
  • Huerta, M., Goodson, P., Beigi, M., & Chlup, D. (2017). Graduate students as academic writers: Writing anxiety, self-efficacy and emotional intelligence. Higher Education Research & Development, 36(4), 716–729. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2016.1238881
  • Huston, P. (1998). Resolving writer’s block. Canadian Family Physician, 44, 92–97.
  • Hyland, K. (2002). Teaching and researching writing. Harlow, England: Longman.
  • Hyland, K. (2013). Writing in the university: Education, knowledge and reputation. Language Teaching, 46(1), 53–70. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444811000036
  • Imirie, O. N. (2022). Wrestling with writer’s block: Pedagogical interventions that work and why. [Master’s Thesis, Salisbury University]. Salisbury. http://hdl.handle.net/11603/24780
  • Jagaiah, T., Howard, D., & Olinghouse, N. (2019). Writer’s checklist: A procedural support for struggling writers. The Reading Teacher, 73(1), 103–110. https://doi.org/10.1002/trtr.1802
  • Jordan, R. R. (1997). English for academic purposes: A guide and resource book for teachers. Cambridge University Press.
  • Kırkgöz, Y. (2009). Students’ and lecturers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of foreign language instruction in an English-medium university in Turkey. Teaching in Higher Education, 14(1), 81–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562510802602640
  • Lee, S-Y. (2002). The influence of cognitive/affective factors on L1/L2 literacy transfers. Studies in English Language and Literature, 10, 17–31.
  • Lee, S-Y., Krashen, S. (2003). Writer’s block in a Chinese sample. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 97(2),537–542. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.2003.97.2.5
  • Lester, J. N., Cho, Y., & Lochmiller, C. R. (2020). Learning to do qualitative data analysis: A starting point. Human Resource Development Review, 19(1) 94–106. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484320903890
  • Link, M. W. (2008). Mixed-mode. In P. J. Lavrakas (Ed.), Encyclopedia of survey research methods (pp. 472–475). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
  • Loh, C. E. (2018). Change and continuity in the Singapore literature-in- English curriculum. Changing English, 25(1), 85–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/1358684X.2017.1388157
  • Michael, H. (2016). How writers write: Exploring the unconscious fantasies of writers. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 33(1), 21–34. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038957
  • Moore, M. (2018). Articulate walls: Writer’s block and the academic creative. New Writing, 15(3), 348–359. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790726.2017.1384025
  • Moore, S. (2003). Writers’ retreats for academics: Exploring and increasing the motivation to write. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 27(3), 333–342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0309877032000098734
  • Murray, R., & Moore, S. (2003). The handbook of academic writing: A fresh approach. McGraw Hill.
  • Prihandoko, L. A. (2021). Students’ writing self-efficacy, writers’ block, and academic writing performance: An empirical study in eastern Indonesian students. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan 13(3), 2029–2037. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v13i3.1156
  • Rose, M. (1984). Writer’s block: The cognitive dimension. Southern Illinois University Press.
  • Salem, A. A. M. (2018). Engaging ESP university students in flipped classrooms for developing functional writing skills, HOTs, and eliminating writer’s block English Language Teaching, 11(12), 177–198. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v11n12p177
  • Schultz, J. M. (1991). Writing mode in the articulation of language and literature classes: Theory and practice. The Modern Language Journal, 75(4), 411–417. https://doi.org/10.2307/329489
  • Seow, A. (2002). The writing process and process writing. In J. C. Richards, & W. A. Renandya (Eds.), Methodology in language teaching: An anthology of current practice (pp. 315–320). Cambridge University Press.
  • Smeets, S. (2008). Writer’s block as an instrument for remaining in paradise: How to beat writer’s block: A multidisciplinary approach. Available at: https://zeitschrift-schreiben.ch/globalassets/zeitschrift-schreiben.eu/2008/smeets_writers_block.pdf (accessed July, 2021).
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics. Pearson Education.
  • Tan, C. N., & Siegel, T. (2018). Surveys. In B. B. Frey (Ed.), The Sage encyclopedia of educational research, measurement, and evaluation researchers (pp. 1642–1645). Sage
  • Thurman, C. (2007). The department of literature and the department of English: Transforming aspects of ‘English studies’ in South Africa. Social Dynamics, 33(1), 155–179. https://doi.org/10.1080/02533950708628747
  • Toprak, Z., & Yücel, V. (2020) A peculiar practice of academic writing: Epidemic writing in the Turkish graduate education. Cogent Education, 7(1), 1774098. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2020.1774098
  • Trotman, W. (2010). Teacher oral feedback on student writing: An action research approach towards teacher-student conferences on EFL academic essay writing in a higher education context in Turkey. (Publication No. 10074625) [PhD Dissertation, University of Warwick-Warwick]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.
  • Üstündağ Güvenç, Ö., Sağlam, B., Çakırlar, Ö., & Uzundemir, Ö. (2022). Changes in the teaching of literature: A study of practices in the English language and literature department at Çankaya University during the COVID-19 pandemic. Changing English, 29(1), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/1358684X.2021.2015571
  • Zorbaz, K. Z. (2015) The effects of various variables on university students’ writer’s block levels. The Anthropologist, 21(1-2), 311–322. https://doi.org/10.1080/09720073.2015.11891820

Lisans Öğrencilerinin Akademik Dil Olarak İngilizcede Yazar Tutukluğu: Nedenler, Başa Çıkma Stratejileri, İhtiyaçlar

Year 2023, , 1024 - 1046, 28.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.35675/befdergi.1262440

Abstract

Bu çalışma, yüksek öğretim bağlamında yazar tutukluğuna ışık tutmayı amaçlamaktadır ve 644 son sınıf İngiliz dili ve edebiyatı öğrencisinin İngilizce akademik metinler üretirken yaşadıkları yazar tutukluğuyla ilgili görüşlerinden yararlanmaktadır. Katılımcılardan veri toplamak için karma yöntemli bir anket tasarımı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, yazar tutukluğunda hem iç hem de dış nedenlerin etkili olduğunu, öğrenciler tartışmacı-eleştirel ve açıklayıcı akademik metinler üretirken dış nedenlerin kısmen daha etkili olduğunu, yazma sürecinin ana taslağını oluşturma aşamasında ise yine dış nedenlerin etkili olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Buna ek olarak, bulgular öğrencilerin yazar tutukluğuyla başa çıkmak için farklı kombinasyonlarda yazmaya devam etme ve yazmaktan kaçınma stratejilerini izlediklerini ve taslak oluşturma, planlama, akademik dil kullanımı, tutarlılık ve cümleler arası geçişler konusunda bilgi ve deneyimlerini genişletmeye ihtiyaç duyduklarını ortaya koymuştur. Son olarak da bulgular, yazar tutukluğunu aşmak için net talimatlara, örnek metinleri incelemeye ve öğretmenlerden gelen geri bildirimlere duyulan ihtiyacı göstermektedir. Bu bulguların ışığında, çeşitli pedagojik çıkarımlar önerilmektedir.

Supporting Institution

Destekleyen kurum bulunmamaktadır.

Project Number

Proje değildir.

References

  • Adams-Tukiendorf, M. (2008). Overcoming writer’s block in an MA seminar. Zeitschrift-Schreiben, 8, 1–10.
  • Ahmed, S. J., & Güss, C. D. (2022). An analysis of writer’s block: Causes and solutions. Creativity Research Journal, 34(3), 339–354. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2022.2031436
  • Almacıoğlu, G., & Okan, Z. (2018). Genre-based approach to writing instruction for students at an English Language and literature department. Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 4(1), 71–100. https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.460635
  • Altınmakas, D., & Bayyurt, Y. (2019). An exploratory study on factors influencing undergraduate students’ academic writing practices in Turkey. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 37, 88–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2018.11.006
  • Arıkan, A. (2006). The value of reflection in writing courses in ELT preservice teacher education programs. Asian EFL Journal, 16, 1–16.
  • Baştuğ, M., Ertem, I. S., & Keskin, H. K. (2017). A phenomenological research study on writer’s block: causes, processes, and results. Education + Training, 59(6), 605–618. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-11-2016-0169
  • Bayraktar Balkir, N. (2016). Effects of synectics model on learners’ writing skills in tertiary level English class. (Publication No. 443535). [PhD Dissertation, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University-Çanakkale]. Council of Higher Education.
  • Boice, R. (1985). Cognitive components of blocking. Written Communication, 2(1), 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741088385002001006
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise & Health, 11(4), 589–597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806
  • Breeze, R. (2012). Rethinking academic writing pedagogy for the European university. Rodopi.
  • Cai, L. J. (2017). Students’ perceptions of academic writing: A needs analysis of EAP in China. In K. Kimura., & J. Middlecamp (Eds.), Asian-focused ELT research and practice: Voices from the far edge (pp. 127–151). IDP Education.
  • Castillo, M. (2014). Writer’s block. American Journal of Neuroradiology, 35(6), 1043–1044. https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3729
  • Çelik, S. (2020). Building critical academic writing skills: The impact of instructor feedback on Turkish ELT graduate students. TESL-EJ, 24(3), 1–18.
  • Ceylan, N. O. (2019). Student perceptions of difficulties in second language writing. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(1), 151–157. https://doi.org/10.17263/jlls.547683
  • Charles, M. (2013). English for academic purposes. In B. Paltridge, & S. Starfield (Eds.), The handbook of English for specific purposes (pp. 136–153). Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Cheong, C. M., Luo, N., Zhu, X., Lu, Q., & Wei, W. (2023). Self-assessment complements peer assessment for undergraduate students in an academic writing task. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 48(1), 135–148. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2022.2069225
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2018). Research methods in education (8th ed.). Routledge.
  • Dela Rosa, J. P., & Genuino, C. F. (2018). Correlating writer’s block and ESL learners’ writing quality. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 7(3), 604–612. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v7i3.9810
  • Dolgunsöz, E., Yıldırım, G., & Yıldırım, S. (2018). The effect of virtual reality on EFL writing performance. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 14(1), 278–292.
  • Fatimah, N. (2018). Students’ needs for academic writing at the English education department. English Language Teaching Educational Journal, 1(3), 161–175.
  • Feng, H., Sun, Y., & Zou, Y. (2019). English writing assignments and student’s self-perceived writing needs: A survey of undergraduates at a Chinese University. TESOL Quarterly, 53(3), 857–874. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.511
  • Fernsten, L. A., & Reda, M. (2011) Helping students meet the challenges of academic writing. Teaching in Higher Education, 16(2), 171–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2010.507306
  • Fitzmaurice, M., & O'Farrell, C. (2010). Developing your academic writing skills: A handbook. Trinity Collage Dublin Graham.
  • Flaherty, A. W. (2015). The midnight disease: The drive to write, writer’s block, and the creative brain. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
  • Grabe, W. (2001). Notes toward a theory of second language writing. In T. Silva, & P. K. Matsuda (Eds.), On second language writing (pp. 39–57). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Hamp-Lyons, L. (2001). English for academic purposes. In R. Carter, & D. Nunan (Eds.), The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages (pp. 126–130). Cambridge University Press.
  • Hirvela, A. (2011). Writing to learn in content areas: Research insights. In R. M. Manchon (Ed.), Learning-to-write and writing-to-learn in an additional language (pp. 37–59). John Benjamins Publishing.
  • Huerta, M., Goodson, P., Beigi, M., & Chlup, D. (2017). Graduate students as academic writers: Writing anxiety, self-efficacy and emotional intelligence. Higher Education Research & Development, 36(4), 716–729. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2016.1238881
  • Huston, P. (1998). Resolving writer’s block. Canadian Family Physician, 44, 92–97.
  • Hyland, K. (2002). Teaching and researching writing. Harlow, England: Longman.
  • Hyland, K. (2013). Writing in the university: Education, knowledge and reputation. Language Teaching, 46(1), 53–70. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444811000036
  • Imirie, O. N. (2022). Wrestling with writer’s block: Pedagogical interventions that work and why. [Master’s Thesis, Salisbury University]. Salisbury. http://hdl.handle.net/11603/24780
  • Jagaiah, T., Howard, D., & Olinghouse, N. (2019). Writer’s checklist: A procedural support for struggling writers. The Reading Teacher, 73(1), 103–110. https://doi.org/10.1002/trtr.1802
  • Jordan, R. R. (1997). English for academic purposes: A guide and resource book for teachers. Cambridge University Press.
  • Kırkgöz, Y. (2009). Students’ and lecturers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of foreign language instruction in an English-medium university in Turkey. Teaching in Higher Education, 14(1), 81–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562510802602640
  • Lee, S-Y. (2002). The influence of cognitive/affective factors on L1/L2 literacy transfers. Studies in English Language and Literature, 10, 17–31.
  • Lee, S-Y., Krashen, S. (2003). Writer’s block in a Chinese sample. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 97(2),537–542. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.2003.97.2.5
  • Lester, J. N., Cho, Y., & Lochmiller, C. R. (2020). Learning to do qualitative data analysis: A starting point. Human Resource Development Review, 19(1) 94–106. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484320903890
  • Link, M. W. (2008). Mixed-mode. In P. J. Lavrakas (Ed.), Encyclopedia of survey research methods (pp. 472–475). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
  • Loh, C. E. (2018). Change and continuity in the Singapore literature-in- English curriculum. Changing English, 25(1), 85–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/1358684X.2017.1388157
  • Michael, H. (2016). How writers write: Exploring the unconscious fantasies of writers. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 33(1), 21–34. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038957
  • Moore, M. (2018). Articulate walls: Writer’s block and the academic creative. New Writing, 15(3), 348–359. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790726.2017.1384025
  • Moore, S. (2003). Writers’ retreats for academics: Exploring and increasing the motivation to write. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 27(3), 333–342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0309877032000098734
  • Murray, R., & Moore, S. (2003). The handbook of academic writing: A fresh approach. McGraw Hill.
  • Prihandoko, L. A. (2021). Students’ writing self-efficacy, writers’ block, and academic writing performance: An empirical study in eastern Indonesian students. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan 13(3), 2029–2037. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v13i3.1156
  • Rose, M. (1984). Writer’s block: The cognitive dimension. Southern Illinois University Press.
  • Salem, A. A. M. (2018). Engaging ESP university students in flipped classrooms for developing functional writing skills, HOTs, and eliminating writer’s block English Language Teaching, 11(12), 177–198. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v11n12p177
  • Schultz, J. M. (1991). Writing mode in the articulation of language and literature classes: Theory and practice. The Modern Language Journal, 75(4), 411–417. https://doi.org/10.2307/329489
  • Seow, A. (2002). The writing process and process writing. In J. C. Richards, & W. A. Renandya (Eds.), Methodology in language teaching: An anthology of current practice (pp. 315–320). Cambridge University Press.
  • Smeets, S. (2008). Writer’s block as an instrument for remaining in paradise: How to beat writer’s block: A multidisciplinary approach. Available at: https://zeitschrift-schreiben.ch/globalassets/zeitschrift-schreiben.eu/2008/smeets_writers_block.pdf (accessed July, 2021).
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics. Pearson Education.
  • Tan, C. N., & Siegel, T. (2018). Surveys. In B. B. Frey (Ed.), The Sage encyclopedia of educational research, measurement, and evaluation researchers (pp. 1642–1645). Sage
  • Thurman, C. (2007). The department of literature and the department of English: Transforming aspects of ‘English studies’ in South Africa. Social Dynamics, 33(1), 155–179. https://doi.org/10.1080/02533950708628747
  • Toprak, Z., & Yücel, V. (2020) A peculiar practice of academic writing: Epidemic writing in the Turkish graduate education. Cogent Education, 7(1), 1774098. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2020.1774098
  • Trotman, W. (2010). Teacher oral feedback on student writing: An action research approach towards teacher-student conferences on EFL academic essay writing in a higher education context in Turkey. (Publication No. 10074625) [PhD Dissertation, University of Warwick-Warwick]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.
  • Üstündağ Güvenç, Ö., Sağlam, B., Çakırlar, Ö., & Uzundemir, Ö. (2022). Changes in the teaching of literature: A study of practices in the English language and literature department at Çankaya University during the COVID-19 pandemic. Changing English, 29(1), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/1358684X.2021.2015571
  • Zorbaz, K. Z. (2015) The effects of various variables on university students’ writer’s block levels. The Anthropologist, 21(1-2), 311–322. https://doi.org/10.1080/09720073.2015.11891820
There are 57 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Other Fields of Education
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Mehmet Galip Zorba 0000-0002-0100-2329

Project Number Proje değildir.
Early Pub Date September 18, 2023
Publication Date September 28, 2023
Submission Date March 9, 2023
Acceptance Date June 7, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Zorba, M. G. (2023). Undergraduate Students’ Writer’s Block in English as an Academic Language: Causes, Coping Strategies Needs. Bayburt Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(39), 1024-1046. https://doi.org/10.35675/befdergi.1262440