Fiziksel Aktivitenin Akademik Başarı Üzerindeki Etkisi: Sistematik Bir Derleme

Year 2025, Volume: 17 Issue: 1, 71 - 87, 26.03.2025

Sibel Nalbant , Dilruba Kaya

https://doi.org/10.55929/besad.1588870

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, fiziksel aktivitenin akademik başarıya olan etkilerini inceleyen randomize kontrollü çalışmaların sistematik bir şekilde analiz edilmesidir. Çalışma kapsamında, 2020 yılı Mart ve Nisan aylarında PubMed, ERIC, SportDiscus/EBSCO, Ulakbim ve Google Akademik veritabanlarında “akademik başarı” ve “fiziksel aktivite” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak kapsamlı bir literatür taraması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ocak 2010 ile Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında yayımlanan, fiziksel aktivitenin akademik başarı üzerindeki etkilerini inceleyen Türkçe ve İngilizce dillerindeki randomize kontrollü çalışmalar derlemeye dahil edilmiştir. Tarama sonucunda 991 makale elde edilmiştir. Ancak, tekrar eden çalışmalar, sistematik derlemeler ve meta-analizler, tezler, konuyla alakasız makaleler, dil kısıtlamaları (İngilizce/Türkçe olmayan), tam metnine ulaşılamayan ve randomize kontrollü olmayan çalışmalar dışlanmış ve nihai olarak uygunlukları değerlendirilen 8 çalışma analiz edilmiş ve betimsel analiz tekniği ile incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda ulaşılan veriler tablo ile görselleştirilerek yorumlanmıştır. Literatür tarama sürecinde, sistematik incelemeler ve meta-analizler için önerilen PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) akış şeması kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, fiziksel aktivitenin akademik başarıyı olumlu yönde etkilediği ve eğitimde fiziksel aktivitenin entegrasyonunun yenilikçi bir yaklaşım olarak benimsenmesi gerektiği bulunmuştur. Gelecekteki araştırmalar, fiziksel aktivitenin akademik başarıya etkilerini farklı yaş grupları, sosyoekonomik durum ve uzun vadeli sonuçlar bağlamında daha ayrıntılı bir şekilde incelemelidir. Ayrıca, eğitim politikalarının, fiziksel aktiviteyi destekleyen programları teşvik etmesi ve öğretmenlere fiziksel aktivitenin eğitimde entegrasyonu konusunda eğitimler sunması önemlidir.

Keywords

Fiziksel Aktivite, Akademik Başarı, Randomize Kontrollü Çalışmalar, Eğitim Politikaları

The Effect of Physical Activity on Academic Achievement: A Systematic Review

Abstract

This study aims to conduct a systematic analysis of randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of physical activity on academic achievement. A comprehensive literature search was performed in March and April 2020 across the PubMed, ERIC, SportDiscus/EBSCO, Ulakbim, and Google Scholar databases using the keywords “academic achievement” and “physical activity.” The review included randomized controlled trials published between January 2010 and December 2020 in English and Turkish that examined the relationship between physical activity and academic achievement. The initial search yielded 991 studies. Following the exclusion of duplicate records, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, dissertations, irrelevant studies, non-English/Turkish publications, inaccessible full texts, and non-randomized controlled trials, a total of 8 eligible studies were identified and analyzed using a descriptive analysis approach. The findings were systematically synthesized and visualized in tabular format. The study adhered to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) framework to ensure methodological rigor in the literature screening process. The findings demonstrate that physical activity exerts a significant positive impact on academic achievement. Moreover, integrating physical activity into educational settings emerges as a progressive and evidence-based approach to enhancing student outcomes. Future research should adopt a more nuanced perspective by examining age-specific effects, socioeconomic disparities, and long-term implications. Additionally, education policies should prioritize the implementation of structured physical activity programs and provide targeted professional development for educators to facilitate its integration into curricula.

Keywords

Physical activity, academic achievement, randomized controlled trials, education policies

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