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Gelişim Ligi Futbolcularının Göreceli Yaş Etkisinin İncelenmesi: Türkiye U19 Elit A Ligi Örneği

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 146 - 155, 30.06.2023

Bahadır Bayarslan , Ali Çevik , Erden Müçteba Or

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, 2022-2023 2022-2023 Sezonu Türkiye U19 Elit A Ligi futbolcularında göreceli yaş etkisinin olup olmadığının ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın modelinde; “Temel Nitel Araştırma” tekniği, veri toplama aracında “Dökuman İncelemesi” metodu ve analizinde ise betimsel analiz biçimi olan Miles-Huberman analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın evrenini; Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu Gelişim Liglerinde lisanslı futbolcular oluştururken, örneklemini ise U19 Elit A Ligi takımlarının futbolcuları oluşturmuştur. Örneklem belirlenirken yoğunluk örneklem yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Yoğunluk örneklemi, olağandışının aksine araştırmaya konu edinilen ve en zengin bilgileri kapsayan örneklerdir. Yoğunluk örneklemini genellikle heuristik yaklaşımı içeren çalışmalarda kullanmaktadır. Heuristik yaklaşım, bireylerin tecrübelerini araştıran kişi ile olgular arasındaki öznel ve yaratıcı ilişkiler kurabilmesini sağlayan tek araştırma yaklaşımı olarak kabul edilmektedir. U19 Elit A Ligi futbolcuları doğum tarihleri baz alınarak incelenmiştir. Toplam 25 futbol kulübü ve 681 Elit A ligi futbolcuları doğum tarihleri baz alınarak incelenmiştir. 2022-2023 Sezonu Türkiye U19 Elit A Ligi’nde yer alan bütün takımların oyuncu kadrolarında “Göreceli Yaş Etkisi” durumundan etkilenme durumunun var olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

Futbol Gelişim Ligi Takım Futbolcu Göreceli Yaş Etkisi

References

  • Atkinson, P. (1997). Narrative turn or blind alley?. Qualitative Health Research, 7(3), 325-344.
  • Bayarslan, B., & Yorulmazlar, M. M. (2022). Investigation of coaching experience periods of UEFA European Football Champion National team head coaches. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Sciences, 5(Special Issue 2), 1092-1100.
  • Bezuglov, E., Morgans, R., Butovskiy, M., Emanov, A., Shagiakhmetova, L., Pirmakhanov, B., ... & Lazarev, A. (2023). The relative age effect is widespread among European adult professional soccer players but does not affect their market value. Plos One, 18(3), e0283390.
  • Brustio, P. R., Lupo, C., Ungureanu, A. N., Frati, R., Rainoldi, A., & Boccia, G. (2018). The relative age effect is larger in Italian soccer top-level youth categories and smaller in Serie A. PloS One, 13(4), e0196253.
  • Cumming, S. P., Searle, C., Hemsley, J. K., Haswell, F., Edwards, H., Scott, S., ... & Malina, R. M. (2018). Biological maturation, relative age and self-regulation in male professional academy soccer players: A test of the underdog hypothesis. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 39, 147-153.
  • Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative Analysis. London: SAGE.
  • Del Campo, D. G. D., Vicedo, J. C. P., Villora, S. G., & Jordan, O. R. C. (2010). The relative age effect in youth soccer players from Spain. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 9(2), 190.
  • Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2008). The landscape of qualitative research, (Vol 1, pp.125-126). Sage.
  • Doncaster, G., Medina, D., Drobnic, F., Gómez-Díaz, A. J., & Unnithan, V. (2020). Appreciating factors beyond the physical in talent identification and development: insights from the FC Barcelona sporting model. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 2, 91.
  • Doyle, J. R., & Bottomley, P. A. (2018). Relative age effect in elite soccer: More early-born players, but no better valued, and no paragon clubs or countries. PloS One, 13(2), e0192209.
  • Doyle, J. R., & Bottomley, P. A. (2019). The relative age effect in European elite soccer: A practical guide to Poisson regression modelling. PloS One, 14(4), e0213988.
  • Figueiredo, L., Gomes, L., Silva, D., Gantois, P., Fialho, J., Fortes, L., & Fonseca, F. (2022). The relative age effect in Brazilian elite soccer depending on age category, playing position, and competitive level. Human Movement, 23(2), 112-120.
  • Gibbs, B. G., Jarvis, J. A., & Dufur, M. J. (2012). The rise of the underdog? The relative age effect reversal among Canadian-born NHL hockey players: A reply to Nolan and Howell. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 47(5), 644-649.
  • Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (2006). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. USA: Aldine Transaction.
  • Götze, M., & Hoppe, M. W. (2021). Relative age effect in elite german soccer: influence of gender and competition level. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 587023.
  • Helsen, W. F., Van Winckel, J., & Williams, A. M. (2005). The relative age effect in youth soccer across Europe. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(6), 629-636.
  • Höner, O., Leyhr, D., & Kelava, A. (2017). The influence of speed abilities and technical skills in early adolescence on adult success in soccer: A long-term prospective analysis using ANOVA and SEM approaches. PloS One, 12(8), e0182211.
  • Hurley, E., Comstock, B. A., Haile, L., & Beyer, K. S. (2019). Relative age effect in collegiate soccer: Influence of nationality, playing position, and class. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 33(12), 3295-3301.
  • Ilgar, M. Z., Ilgar, S. C. (2013). Nitel bir araştırma deseni olarak gömülü teori (Temellendirilmiş Kuram). İZÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(3), 197-247.
  • InStat (2023). https://football.instatscout.com/ (Erişim tarihi: 01.05.2023)
  • Jackson, R. C., & Comber, G. (2020). Hill on a mountaintop: A longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis of the relative age effect in competitive youth football. Journal of sports sciences, 38(11-12), 1352-1358.
  • Jones, C., Visek, A. J., Barron, M. J., Hyman, M., & Chandran, A. (2019). Association between relative age effect and organisational practices of American youth football. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(10), 1146-1153.
  • Li, Z., Mao, L., Steingröver, C., Wattie, N., Baker, J., Schorer, J., & Helsen, W. F. (2020). Relative age effects in Elite Chinese soccer players: Implications of the ‘one-child’policy. Plos One, 15(2), e0228611.
  • Lovell, R., Towlson, C., Parkin, G., Portas, M., Vaeyens, R., & Cobley, S. (2015). Soccer player characteristics in English lower-league development programmes: The relationships between relative age, maturation, anthropometry and physical fitness. PloS One, 10(9), e0137238.
  • Mays, N., & Pope, C. (2000). Assessing quality in qualitative research. Bmj, 320(7226), 50-52.
  • McCarthy, N., Collins, D., & Court, D. (2016). Start hard, finish better: further evidence for the reversal of the RAE advantage. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(15), 1461-1465.
  • Merriam, S. B. (2013). Turan, S. (Edt.), Nitel araştırma: desen ve uygulama için bir rehber (1. Baskı., ss 250-280), Nobel Yayınları.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2016). JS (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook.
  • Morgan, D. L., & Morgan, R. K. (2008). Single-case research methods for the behavioral and health sciences. (Vol 1, pp. 85-96), Sage publications.
  • Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods (3rd ed). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Rabelo, F. N., Pasquarelli, B. N., Matzenbacher, F., Campos, F. A. D., Osiecki, R., Dourado, A. C., & Stanganelli, L. C. R. (2016). The relative age effect on the categories of Brazilian soccer: selection criteria or a population trend?. Revista Brasileira de Ciências do Esporte, 38, 370-375.
  • Perez-Gonzalez, B., Fernandez-Luna, A., Castillo, D., & Burillo, P. (2020). Are European soccer players worth more if they are born early in the year? Relative age effect on player market value. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 3301.
  • Romann, M., Javet, M., Cobley, S., & Born, D. P. (2021). How relative age effects associate with football players’ market values: indicators of losing talent and wasting money. Sports, 9(7), 99.
  • TFF (2023). https://www.tff.org/default.aspx?pageID=1526 (Erişim tarihi: 01.05.2023).
  • Tribolet, R., Watsford, M. L., Coutts, A. J., Smith, C., & Fransen, J. (2019). From entry to elite: The relative age effect in the Australian football talent pathway. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 22(6), 741-745.
  • West, W. (2001). Beyond grounded theory: the use of a heuristic approach to qualitative research. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 1(2), 126-131.
  • Yıldırım, A. Şimşek, H. (2013). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (9. Baskı, ss. 120-145). Seçkin Yayınları.

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 146 - 155, 30.06.2023

Bahadır Bayarslan , Ali Çevik , Erden Müçteba Or

Abstract

References

  • Atkinson, P. (1997). Narrative turn or blind alley?. Qualitative Health Research, 7(3), 325-344.
  • Bayarslan, B., & Yorulmazlar, M. M. (2022). Investigation of coaching experience periods of UEFA European Football Champion National team head coaches. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Sciences, 5(Special Issue 2), 1092-1100.
  • Bezuglov, E., Morgans, R., Butovskiy, M., Emanov, A., Shagiakhmetova, L., Pirmakhanov, B., ... & Lazarev, A. (2023). The relative age effect is widespread among European adult professional soccer players but does not affect their market value. Plos One, 18(3), e0283390.
  • Brustio, P. R., Lupo, C., Ungureanu, A. N., Frati, R., Rainoldi, A., & Boccia, G. (2018). The relative age effect is larger in Italian soccer top-level youth categories and smaller in Serie A. PloS One, 13(4), e0196253.
  • Cumming, S. P., Searle, C., Hemsley, J. K., Haswell, F., Edwards, H., Scott, S., ... & Malina, R. M. (2018). Biological maturation, relative age and self-regulation in male professional academy soccer players: A test of the underdog hypothesis. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 39, 147-153.
  • Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative Analysis. London: SAGE.
  • Del Campo, D. G. D., Vicedo, J. C. P., Villora, S. G., & Jordan, O. R. C. (2010). The relative age effect in youth soccer players from Spain. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 9(2), 190.
  • Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2008). The landscape of qualitative research, (Vol 1, pp.125-126). Sage.
  • Doncaster, G., Medina, D., Drobnic, F., Gómez-Díaz, A. J., & Unnithan, V. (2020). Appreciating factors beyond the physical in talent identification and development: insights from the FC Barcelona sporting model. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 2, 91.
  • Doyle, J. R., & Bottomley, P. A. (2018). Relative age effect in elite soccer: More early-born players, but no better valued, and no paragon clubs or countries. PloS One, 13(2), e0192209.
  • Doyle, J. R., & Bottomley, P. A. (2019). The relative age effect in European elite soccer: A practical guide to Poisson regression modelling. PloS One, 14(4), e0213988.
  • Figueiredo, L., Gomes, L., Silva, D., Gantois, P., Fialho, J., Fortes, L., & Fonseca, F. (2022). The relative age effect in Brazilian elite soccer depending on age category, playing position, and competitive level. Human Movement, 23(2), 112-120.
  • Gibbs, B. G., Jarvis, J. A., & Dufur, M. J. (2012). The rise of the underdog? The relative age effect reversal among Canadian-born NHL hockey players: A reply to Nolan and Howell. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 47(5), 644-649.
  • Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (2006). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. USA: Aldine Transaction.
  • Götze, M., & Hoppe, M. W. (2021). Relative age effect in elite german soccer: influence of gender and competition level. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 587023.
  • Helsen, W. F., Van Winckel, J., & Williams, A. M. (2005). The relative age effect in youth soccer across Europe. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(6), 629-636.
  • Höner, O., Leyhr, D., & Kelava, A. (2017). The influence of speed abilities and technical skills in early adolescence on adult success in soccer: A long-term prospective analysis using ANOVA and SEM approaches. PloS One, 12(8), e0182211.
  • Hurley, E., Comstock, B. A., Haile, L., & Beyer, K. S. (2019). Relative age effect in collegiate soccer: Influence of nationality, playing position, and class. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 33(12), 3295-3301.
  • Ilgar, M. Z., Ilgar, S. C. (2013). Nitel bir araştırma deseni olarak gömülü teori (Temellendirilmiş Kuram). İZÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(3), 197-247.
  • InStat (2023). https://football.instatscout.com/ (Erişim tarihi: 01.05.2023)
  • Jackson, R. C., & Comber, G. (2020). Hill on a mountaintop: A longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis of the relative age effect in competitive youth football. Journal of sports sciences, 38(11-12), 1352-1358.
  • Jones, C., Visek, A. J., Barron, M. J., Hyman, M., & Chandran, A. (2019). Association between relative age effect and organisational practices of American youth football. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(10), 1146-1153.
  • Li, Z., Mao, L., Steingröver, C., Wattie, N., Baker, J., Schorer, J., & Helsen, W. F. (2020). Relative age effects in Elite Chinese soccer players: Implications of the ‘one-child’policy. Plos One, 15(2), e0228611.
  • Lovell, R., Towlson, C., Parkin, G., Portas, M., Vaeyens, R., & Cobley, S. (2015). Soccer player characteristics in English lower-league development programmes: The relationships between relative age, maturation, anthropometry and physical fitness. PloS One, 10(9), e0137238.
  • Mays, N., & Pope, C. (2000). Assessing quality in qualitative research. Bmj, 320(7226), 50-52.
  • McCarthy, N., Collins, D., & Court, D. (2016). Start hard, finish better: further evidence for the reversal of the RAE advantage. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(15), 1461-1465.
  • Merriam, S. B. (2013). Turan, S. (Edt.), Nitel araştırma: desen ve uygulama için bir rehber (1. Baskı., ss 250-280), Nobel Yayınları.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2016). JS (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook.
  • Morgan, D. L., & Morgan, R. K. (2008). Single-case research methods for the behavioral and health sciences. (Vol 1, pp. 85-96), Sage publications.
  • Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods (3rd ed). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Rabelo, F. N., Pasquarelli, B. N., Matzenbacher, F., Campos, F. A. D., Osiecki, R., Dourado, A. C., & Stanganelli, L. C. R. (2016). The relative age effect on the categories of Brazilian soccer: selection criteria or a population trend?. Revista Brasileira de Ciências do Esporte, 38, 370-375.
  • Perez-Gonzalez, B., Fernandez-Luna, A., Castillo, D., & Burillo, P. (2020). Are European soccer players worth more if they are born early in the year? Relative age effect on player market value. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 3301.
  • Romann, M., Javet, M., Cobley, S., & Born, D. P. (2021). How relative age effects associate with football players’ market values: indicators of losing talent and wasting money. Sports, 9(7), 99.
  • TFF (2023). https://www.tff.org/default.aspx?pageID=1526 (Erişim tarihi: 01.05.2023).
  • Tribolet, R., Watsford, M. L., Coutts, A. J., Smith, C., & Fransen, J. (2019). From entry to elite: The relative age effect in the Australian football talent pathway. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 22(6), 741-745.
  • West, W. (2001). Beyond grounded theory: the use of a heuristic approach to qualitative research. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 1(2), 126-131.
  • Yıldırım, A. Şimşek, H. (2013). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (9. Baskı, ss. 120-145). Seçkin Yayınları.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Medicine
Journal Section Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Bahadır Bayarslan 0000-0002-1665-7846

Ali Çevik 0000-0002-3664-6626

Erden Müçteba Or 0009-0008-4333-8817

Early Pub Date June 29, 2023
Publication Date June 30, 2023
Submission Date May 16, 2023
Acceptance Date June 8, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Bayarslan, B., Çevik, A., & Or, E. M. (2023). Gelişim Ligi Futbolcularının Göreceli Yaş Etkisinin İncelenmesi: Türkiye U19 Elit A Ligi Örneği. Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1), 146-155.
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