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EVRENSEL SAĞLIK KAPSAYICILIĞI GÖSTERGELERİNİN KÜMELEME YÖNTEMİ İLE ANALİZİ, OECD ÜLKELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 338 - 371, 29.10.2025

Abstract

Birleşmiş Milletler Kalkınma Programının yürüttüğü Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları arasında yer alan Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam (SKA 3) amacı herkesin en düşük maliyetle sağlık hizmetlerine erişimini sağlama konusunda hakkaniyeti sağlamayı hedeflemektedir. COVID-19 pandemisi ile katastrofik sağlık harcamalarında meydana gelen artış SKA3 ile ulaşılması amaçlanan hedeflerden biri olan Evrensel Sağlık kapsayıcının önemi artmıştır. Bu çalışmada Evrensel Sağlık Kapsayıcılığının alt hedefleri açısından OECD ülkeleri arasında benzer özellikler gösteren ülkelerin analiz edilmesi amacıyla çok değişkenli istatistiksel analiz yöntemlerinden biri olan kümeleme analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Analizde 34 OECD ülkesinin verisinden yararlanılarak hiyerarşik ve hiyerarşik olmayan kümeleme analizi yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma Türkiye’nin Evrensel Sağlık Kapsayıcılığı hedefleri açısından OECD ülkeleri arasındaki göreli gelişme düzeyinin tespit edilmesi amacını taşımaktadır. Her iki analizden elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda üç küme elde edilmiştir. Türkiye için dahil olduğu kümede yer alan diğer ülkeler ile karşılaştırıldığında evrensel sağlık kapsayıcılığına ulaşılabilmesi için sosyal güvenlik sistemine dahil olan hizmetlerin kalitesi ve çeşitliliğini artırmanın yanında ödeme mekanizmalarının finansal katastrofiyi azaltacak yönde iyileştirmesi gerektiği ifade edilebilir.

References

  • Aytaç, E. (2021). An Alternative Approach in Defining the Similarity of Catchments: Application of Hierarchical Clustering Method. AKU J. Sci. Eng. 21 (2021) 047101. 958-970.
  • Bholowalia, P., & Kumar, A. (2014). EBK-means: A clustering technique based on elbow method and k-means in WSN. International Journal of Computer Applications, 105(9), 17-24.
  • Cerf, M. E. (2019). Sustainable development goal integration, interdependence, and implementation: The environment–economic–health nexus and UHC. Global Challenges, 3(9), 1900021, 1-6.
  • Cetinturk, İ., & Gençturk, M. (2020). The Classification of The Health Expenditure Indicators of OECD Countries Through Clustering Analysis. Süleyman Demirel University Visionary Journal, 11(26), 228-244.
  • Civil Society Engagement Mechanism (2019). Why 5% Of GDP, Access date: 2.2,2025 from https://csemonline.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/WHY-5-of-GDP-1.pdf.
  • Civil Society Engagement Mechanism (2021). What is UHC?. Access date: 2.2,2025. https://csemonline.net/lessons/what-is-universal-health-coverage/.
  • Chapman, A. R. (2016). Assessing the UHC target in the sustainable development goals from a human rights perspective. BMC international health and human rights, 16 (33), 1-9.
  • Cuhadar, P., & Altin, M. (2023). A Study on the Socio-Economic Effects of the COVID-19 Process with Cluster Analysis. (Ed. S.Karabulut). Analysis of Economic and Financial Applications with Empirical Methods, 47-58. Bursa: Ekin Bookshop.

Analysis Of Universal Health Coverage Indicators With Clustering Method, A Study On OECD Countries

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 338 - 371, 29.10.2025

Abstract

Health and Quality of Life (SDG 3), one of the Sustainable Development Goals implemented by the United Nations Development Program, aims to ensure equity by ensuring that everyone has access to health services at the lowest cost. The increase in catastrophic health expenditures due to the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the importance of UHC, which is one of the goals that SDG3 aims to achieve. In this study, cluster analysis, one of the multivariate statistical analysis methods, was used to analyze the countries with similar characteristics among OECD countries in terms of the sub-targets of UHC. In the analysis, hierarchical and non-hierarchical clustering analysis was performed using data from 34 OECD countries. This study aims to determine Turkey's relative level of development among OECD countries in terms of UHC (UHC) goals. According to the results of both analyses, three clusters were obtained. Compared to other countries in the cluster, it can be stated that in order to achieve UHC in Turkey, the quality and diversity of services included in the social security system should be increased and payment mechanisms should be improved in a way that reduces financial catastrophes.

Ethical Statement

Çalışma etik kurul onayı gerektirmemektedir.

Supporting Institution

Herhangi bir kurum tarafından destek alınmamıştır.

References

  • Aytaç, E. (2021). An Alternative Approach in Defining the Similarity of Catchments: Application of Hierarchical Clustering Method. AKU J. Sci. Eng. 21 (2021) 047101. 958-970.
  • Bholowalia, P., & Kumar, A. (2014). EBK-means: A clustering technique based on elbow method and k-means in WSN. International Journal of Computer Applications, 105(9), 17-24.
  • Cerf, M. E. (2019). Sustainable development goal integration, interdependence, and implementation: The environment–economic–health nexus and UHC. Global Challenges, 3(9), 1900021, 1-6.
  • Cetinturk, İ., & Gençturk, M. (2020). The Classification of The Health Expenditure Indicators of OECD Countries Through Clustering Analysis. Süleyman Demirel University Visionary Journal, 11(26), 228-244.
  • Civil Society Engagement Mechanism (2019). Why 5% Of GDP, Access date: 2.2,2025 from https://csemonline.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/WHY-5-of-GDP-1.pdf.
  • Civil Society Engagement Mechanism (2021). What is UHC?. Access date: 2.2,2025. https://csemonline.net/lessons/what-is-universal-health-coverage/.
  • Chapman, A. R. (2016). Assessing the UHC target in the sustainable development goals from a human rights perspective. BMC international health and human rights, 16 (33), 1-9.
  • Cuhadar, P., & Altin, M. (2023). A Study on the Socio-Economic Effects of the COVID-19 Process with Cluster Analysis. (Ed. S.Karabulut). Analysis of Economic and Financial Applications with Empirical Methods, 47-58. Bursa: Ekin Bookshop.
There are 8 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Econometric and Statistical Methods
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Nihal Kalaycı Oflaz 0000-0002-8252-5868

Publication Date October 29, 2025
Submission Date February 15, 2025
Acceptance Date October 15, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kalaycı Oflaz, N. (2025). Analysis Of Universal Health Coverage Indicators With Clustering Method, A Study On OECD Countries. Akademik İzdüşüm Dergisi, 10(2), 338-371.

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