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Paranın Ötesinde: Mutluluğun Sosyal Bir Analizi

Year 2022, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 374 - 389, 30.12.2022

Nazife Merve Hamzaoğlu

https://doi.org/10.14514/beykozad.1191226

Abstract

İyi oluşun temel bir göstergesi olarak mutlulukla ilgili çalışmalar ekonomi literatüründe önemli bir konu haline gelmektedirş; mutluluk ve ekonomik faktörler arasındaki ilişki sıklıkla tartışılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, sosyal refah sadece gelir ve istihdam gibi ekonomik faktörlerle değil, aynı zamanda sosyal ilişkiler, statü, sağlık ve davranışsal faktörlerle de ilgilidir. Bu çalışmada mutluluk düzeyini etkileyen sosyal faktörler ortaya konulmaktadır. Dünya Değerler Anketi verileri (2017-2021) kullanılarak, çeşitli sosyal faktörlerle olan ilişki çalışmada analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, sağlık, güvenlik, dine bağlılık, finansal tatmin, seçim özgürlüğü, çocuk sahibi olma, siyasete ilgi duyma, güvenli ve demokratik bir ortamda yaşama ve sanayide devlet mülkiyetinin artmasını desteklemenin mutluluk seviyesi üzerinde olumlu ve önemli etkileri olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, gençlerin ve kadınların daha mutlu olma eğiliminde olduğu; evlilik ve gelirin mutluluk üzerinde olumlu ve önemli etkileri olduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmaya göre daha mutlu insanlar bilgi kaynağı olarak televizyonu tercih ederken, bilgi edinmek için internet ve sosyal medyayı tercih edenler daha az mutludur. Son olarak, algılanan yolsuzluk mutlulukla negatif ilişkilidir.

Keywords

: mutluluk ekonomisi sosyal iyi oluş davranışsal ekonomi refah.

References

  • Allin, P., & Hand, D. J. (2016). New statistics for old?-measuring the wellbeing of the UK. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society), 180(1), 3-43. https://doi.org/10.1111/rssa.12188
  • Baetschmann, G. (2012). Heterogeneity in the relationship between happiness and age: Evidence from the German socio-economic panel. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2142511
  • Badri, M. A., Alkhaili, M., Aldhaheri, H., Yang, G., Albahar, M., & Alrashdi, A. (2022). Exploring the Reciprocal Relationships between Happiness and Life Satisfaction of Working Adults-Evidence from Abu Dhabi. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(6), 3575. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063575
  • Beja, E. L. (2017). The U-shaped relationship between happiness and age: Evidence using world values survey data. Quality & Quantity, 52(4), 1817-1829. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-017-0570-z
  • Campbell, A. (1981). The sense of well-being in America: Recent patterns and trends. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Cetre, S., Clark, A. E., & Senik, C. (2016). Happy people have children: Choice and self-selection into parenthood. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2769188
  • Chen, W. (2011). How education enhances happiness: Comparison of mediating factors in four east Asian countries. Social Indicators Research, 106(1), 117-131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-011-9798-5
  • Clark, A. E., & Oswald, A. J. (1996). Satisfaction and comparison income. Journal of Public Economics, 61(3), 359-381. https://doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(95)01564-7
  • Diener, E., Sandvik, E., Seidlitz, L., and Diener, M. (1993). The relationship between income and subjective well-being: Relative or absolute? Social Indicators Research, 28, 195-223.
  • Diener, E., Gohm, C. L., Suh, E., & Oishi, S. (2000). Similarity of the relations between marital status and subjective well-being across cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 31(4), 419-436. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022100031004001
  • Diener, E. (2012). New findings and future directions for subjective well-being research. American Psychologist, 67(8), 590-597. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029541
  • Duignan, B. (2020). Eudaimonia. In Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/eudaimonia
  • Easterlin, R. A. (2004). The economics of happiness. Daedalus, 133(2), 26-33.
  • Easterlin, R. A., & O'Connor, K. (2020). The Easterlin paradox. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3743147
  • Graham, C. (2008). Happiness and health: Lessons—And questions—For public policy. Health Affairs, 27(1), 72-87. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.27.1.72
  • Graham, C., & Chattopadhyay, S. (2013). Gender and well-being around the world. International Journal of Happiness and Development, 1(2), 212. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijhd.2013.055648
  • Helliwell, J. F., Layard, R., Sachs, J. D., De Neve, J.-E., Aknin, L. B., & Wang, S. (Eds.). (2022). World Happiness Report 2022. New York: Sustainable Development Solutions Network.
  • Huppert, F. A. (2009). Psychological well-being: Evidence regarding its causes and consequences. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 1(2), 137-164. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-0854.2009.01008.x
  • Lewis, C. A., & Cruise, S. M. (2006). Religion and happiness: Consensus, contradictions, comments and concerns. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 9(3), 213-225. https://doi.org/10.1080/13694670600615276
  • Li, Q., & An, L. (2019). Corruption takes away happiness: Evidence from a cross-national study. Journal of Happiness Studies, 21(2), 485-504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-019-00092-z
  • Lyubomirsky, S. (2007). The how of happiness: A new approach to getting the life you want. Penguin. McMahon, D. M. (2004). From the happiness of virtue to the virtue of happiness: 400 B.C. – A.D. 1780. Daedalus, 133(2), 5-17. https://doi.org/10.1162/001152604323049343
  • Mookerjee, R., & Beron, K. (2005). Gender, religion and happiness. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 34(5), 674-685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2005.07.012
  • Ngamaba, K. H., Armitage, C., Panagioti, M., & Hodkinson, A. (2020). How closely related are financial satisfaction and subjective well-being? Systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 85, 101522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2020.101522
  • Ojeda, C. (2015). Depression and political participation*. Social Science Quarterly, 96(5), 1226-1243. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssqu.12173
  • Radcliff B. (2022). Trusting societies are overall happier – a happiness expert explains why. https://theconversation.com/. https://theconversation.com/trusting-societies-are-overall-happier-a-happiness-expert-explains-why-177803#:~:text=Trust%20is%20one%20key%20factor,share%20high%20levels%20of%20trust
  • Seabrook, E. M., Kern, M. L., & Rickard, N. S. (2016). Social Networking Sites, Depression, and Anxiety: A Systematic Review. JMIR mental health, 3(4), e50. https://doi.org/10.2196/mental.5842
  • Stack, S., & Eshleman, J. R. (1998). Marital status and happiness: A 17-Nation study. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 60(2), 527. https://doi.org/10.2307/353867
  • Stutzer, A., & Frey, B. S. (2006). Does marriage make people happy, or do happy people get married? The Journal of Socio-Economics, 35(2), 326-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2005.11.043
  • Tavits, M. (2008). Representation, corruption, and subjective well-being. Comparative Political Studies, 41(12), 1607-1630. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414007308537
  • Veenhoven, R. (1994). Correlates of happiness: 7837 findings from 603 studies in 69 nations 1911-1994, world database of happiness.
  • Ward, G. (2019). Happiness and voting behaviour. World Happiness Report 2019, 46-65.
  • World Values Survey. (n.d.). WVS database. WVS Database. https://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSContents.jsp
  • Wu, Y., & Zhu, J. (2015). When are people unhappy? Corruption experience, environment, and life satisfaction in Mainland China. Journal of Happiness Studies, 17(3), 1125-1147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-015-9635-7

BEYOND MONEY: A SOCIAL ANALYSIS OF HAPPINESS

Year 2022, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 374 - 389, 30.12.2022

Nazife Merve Hamzaoğlu

https://doi.org/10.14514/beykozad.1191226

Abstract

As a main indicator of well-being, happiness-related studies have become an essential topic in the economics literature; the relationship between happiness and economic factors is frequently discussed. However, social well-being is not only related to economic factors such as income and employment but also social relations, status, health, and behavioral factors. In this study, I reveal social factors affecting the happiness level. Using the World Values Survey data (2017-2021), I analyzed the relationship with several social factors. The results indicate that health, security, commitment to religion, financial satisfaction, freedom of choice, having children, interests in politics, living in a secure and democratic environment, and supporting the increase of government ownership in the industry have positive and significant impacts on happiness. Moreover, the econometric model shows that young people and women tend to be happier, and marriage and income have positive and significant impacts on happiness. Also, happier people prefer TV as an information resource, but those who prefer the internet and social media to obtain information are less happy. Lastly, perceived corruption is negatively correlated with happiness.

Keywords

happiness economics social well-being behavioral economics

References

  • Allin, P., & Hand, D. J. (2016). New statistics for old?-measuring the wellbeing of the UK. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society), 180(1), 3-43. https://doi.org/10.1111/rssa.12188
  • Baetschmann, G. (2012). Heterogeneity in the relationship between happiness and age: Evidence from the German socio-economic panel. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2142511
  • Badri, M. A., Alkhaili, M., Aldhaheri, H., Yang, G., Albahar, M., & Alrashdi, A. (2022). Exploring the Reciprocal Relationships between Happiness and Life Satisfaction of Working Adults-Evidence from Abu Dhabi. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(6), 3575. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063575
  • Beja, E. L. (2017). The U-shaped relationship between happiness and age: Evidence using world values survey data. Quality & Quantity, 52(4), 1817-1829. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-017-0570-z
  • Campbell, A. (1981). The sense of well-being in America: Recent patterns and trends. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Cetre, S., Clark, A. E., & Senik, C. (2016). Happy people have children: Choice and self-selection into parenthood. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2769188
  • Chen, W. (2011). How education enhances happiness: Comparison of mediating factors in four east Asian countries. Social Indicators Research, 106(1), 117-131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-011-9798-5
  • Clark, A. E., & Oswald, A. J. (1996). Satisfaction and comparison income. Journal of Public Economics, 61(3), 359-381. https://doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(95)01564-7
  • Diener, E., Sandvik, E., Seidlitz, L., and Diener, M. (1993). The relationship between income and subjective well-being: Relative or absolute? Social Indicators Research, 28, 195-223.
  • Diener, E., Gohm, C. L., Suh, E., & Oishi, S. (2000). Similarity of the relations between marital status and subjective well-being across cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 31(4), 419-436. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022100031004001
  • Diener, E. (2012). New findings and future directions for subjective well-being research. American Psychologist, 67(8), 590-597. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029541
  • Duignan, B. (2020). Eudaimonia. In Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/eudaimonia
  • Easterlin, R. A. (2004). The economics of happiness. Daedalus, 133(2), 26-33.
  • Easterlin, R. A., & O'Connor, K. (2020). The Easterlin paradox. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3743147
  • Graham, C. (2008). Happiness and health: Lessons—And questions—For public policy. Health Affairs, 27(1), 72-87. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.27.1.72
  • Graham, C., & Chattopadhyay, S. (2013). Gender and well-being around the world. International Journal of Happiness and Development, 1(2), 212. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijhd.2013.055648
  • Helliwell, J. F., Layard, R., Sachs, J. D., De Neve, J.-E., Aknin, L. B., & Wang, S. (Eds.). (2022). World Happiness Report 2022. New York: Sustainable Development Solutions Network.
  • Huppert, F. A. (2009). Psychological well-being: Evidence regarding its causes and consequences. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 1(2), 137-164. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-0854.2009.01008.x
  • Lewis, C. A., & Cruise, S. M. (2006). Religion and happiness: Consensus, contradictions, comments and concerns. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 9(3), 213-225. https://doi.org/10.1080/13694670600615276
  • Li, Q., & An, L. (2019). Corruption takes away happiness: Evidence from a cross-national study. Journal of Happiness Studies, 21(2), 485-504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-019-00092-z
  • Lyubomirsky, S. (2007). The how of happiness: A new approach to getting the life you want. Penguin. McMahon, D. M. (2004). From the happiness of virtue to the virtue of happiness: 400 B.C. – A.D. 1780. Daedalus, 133(2), 5-17. https://doi.org/10.1162/001152604323049343
  • Mookerjee, R., & Beron, K. (2005). Gender, religion and happiness. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 34(5), 674-685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2005.07.012
  • Ngamaba, K. H., Armitage, C., Panagioti, M., & Hodkinson, A. (2020). How closely related are financial satisfaction and subjective well-being? Systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 85, 101522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2020.101522
  • Ojeda, C. (2015). Depression and political participation*. Social Science Quarterly, 96(5), 1226-1243. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssqu.12173
  • Radcliff B. (2022). Trusting societies are overall happier – a happiness expert explains why. https://theconversation.com/. https://theconversation.com/trusting-societies-are-overall-happier-a-happiness-expert-explains-why-177803#:~:text=Trust%20is%20one%20key%20factor,share%20high%20levels%20of%20trust
  • Seabrook, E. M., Kern, M. L., & Rickard, N. S. (2016). Social Networking Sites, Depression, and Anxiety: A Systematic Review. JMIR mental health, 3(4), e50. https://doi.org/10.2196/mental.5842
  • Stack, S., & Eshleman, J. R. (1998). Marital status and happiness: A 17-Nation study. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 60(2), 527. https://doi.org/10.2307/353867
  • Stutzer, A., & Frey, B. S. (2006). Does marriage make people happy, or do happy people get married? The Journal of Socio-Economics, 35(2), 326-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2005.11.043
  • Tavits, M. (2008). Representation, corruption, and subjective well-being. Comparative Political Studies, 41(12), 1607-1630. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414007308537
  • Veenhoven, R. (1994). Correlates of happiness: 7837 findings from 603 studies in 69 nations 1911-1994, world database of happiness.
  • Ward, G. (2019). Happiness and voting behaviour. World Happiness Report 2019, 46-65.
  • World Values Survey. (n.d.). WVS database. WVS Database. https://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSContents.jsp
  • Wu, Y., & Zhu, J. (2015). When are people unhappy? Corruption experience, environment, and life satisfaction in Mainland China. Journal of Happiness Studies, 17(3), 1125-1147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-015-9635-7
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nazife Merve Hamzaoğlu 0000-0001-6240-7613

Publication Date December 30, 2022
Submission Date October 19, 2022
Acceptance Date December 14, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Hamzaoğlu, N. M. (2022). BEYOND MONEY: A SOCIAL ANALYSIS OF HAPPINESS. Beykoz Akademi Dergisi, 10(2), 374-389. https://doi.org/10.14514/beykozad.1191226
AMA Hamzaoğlu NM. BEYOND MONEY: A SOCIAL ANALYSIS OF HAPPINESS. Beykoz Akademi Dergisi. December 2022;10(2):374-389. doi:10.14514/beykozad.1191226
Chicago Hamzaoğlu, Nazife Merve. “BEYOND MONEY: A SOCIAL ANALYSIS OF HAPPINESS”. Beykoz Akademi Dergisi 10, no. 2 (December 2022): 374-89. https://doi.org/10.14514/beykozad.1191226.
EndNote Hamzaoğlu NM (December 1, 2022) BEYOND MONEY: A SOCIAL ANALYSIS OF HAPPINESS. Beykoz Akademi Dergisi 10 2 374–389.
IEEE N. M. Hamzaoğlu, “BEYOND MONEY: A SOCIAL ANALYSIS OF HAPPINESS”, Beykoz Akademi Dergisi, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 374–389, 2022, doi: 10.14514/beykozad.1191226.
ISNAD Hamzaoğlu, Nazife Merve. “BEYOND MONEY: A SOCIAL ANALYSIS OF HAPPINESS”. Beykoz Akademi Dergisi 10/2 (December 2022), 374-389. https://doi.org/10.14514/beykozad.1191226.
JAMA Hamzaoğlu NM. BEYOND MONEY: A SOCIAL ANALYSIS OF HAPPINESS. Beykoz Akademi Dergisi. 2022;10:374–389.
MLA Hamzaoğlu, Nazife Merve. “BEYOND MONEY: A SOCIAL ANALYSIS OF HAPPINESS”. Beykoz Akademi Dergisi, vol. 10, no. 2, 2022, pp. 374-89, doi:10.14514/beykozad.1191226.
Vancouver Hamzaoğlu NM. BEYOND MONEY: A SOCIAL ANALYSIS OF HAPPINESS. Beykoz Akademi Dergisi. 2022;10(2):374-89.
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