موقف الأمويون تجاه المقدسات المسيحية في بيت المقدس
Year 2014,
Volume: 14 , 0 - 0, 01.08.2014
Nour Abu Assab
Abstract
موقف الأمويون تجاه المقدسات المسيحية في بيت المقدس
References
- Abū Al-Robb, Hānī. 2002. Tarīkh Filistīn fī Ṣadr Al-Islām. Jordan: Dār
Al-Shurūk: Bayt Al-Maqdis li Al-Nashr wa Al-Tawzī‘.
- Aghārziān, Albert. 1998. Ahammiyyat Al-Quds bi al- Nisbah lil-
Masīḥḥyyīn. In Al-Masīhyyūn fil Ard Al-Muqaddash. Eds. Maykel
Brayer and Wiliam Tailor. Trans. Lorans Sammūr. London: Amānat
Al-Tājer Lil-Ālam Al-Islāmī.
- ‘Athaminah, Khalīl. 2000. Filisṭīn fī Khamsat Qurūn min Al-Fatḥ Al-Islāmī
Ḥattā Al-Ghazw Al-Firinjī (634-1099). Beirut: Mu'assasat Al-Dirāsāt
Al-Filisṭīniyyah.
- ‘Awaḍ, Muḥammad. 1992. Al-Raḥḥālah Al-Ūrūbbiyyūn fī Mamlakat Bayt
Al-Maqdis Al-Ṣalībbiyyah 1099- 1187 Mīlādiyyah. Cairo: Maktabat
Madbūlī.
- Al-Balādhurī, Abū Al-Ḥasan. 1983. Futūḥ Al-Buldān, ed. Raḍwān
Raḍwān. Beirut: Dār Al-Kutub Al-‘Ilmiyyah.
- Bar, Doron. 2005. Rural monasticism as a key element in the
Christianization of Byzantine Palestine. In Harvard Theological Review
98, no. 1: 49-65. http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/
pdfviewer?sid=78491bb6-2877-4bf1-8fce-469a7e1ec86a%40session
mgr10&vid=2&hid=15 (Accessed on October 27, 2011).
- Baramki, D. 1996. The Art and Architecture of Ancient Palestine A Survey of
the Archaeology of Palestine from the Earliest Times to the Ottoman Conquest.
Palestine Books, No. 23. Palestine Liberation Organization.
Research Centre: Beirut.
- Brockelmann, Carl. 1998. Tārīkh al-Shu‘ūb al-Islāmiyyah. Trans. Nabīh
Fāris and Munīr Ba‘labkī. Beirut: Dār Al-‘Ilm lilmalayīn.
- Brubaker, L. and John and Haldon. 2001. Byzantine in the Iconoclast Era
(ca 680-850): The Sources an Annotated survey. Birmingham Byzantine and
Ottoman Monographs. V. 7. eds. Anthony Bryer and John Haldon.
Centre for Byzantine, Ottoman and Modern Greek Studies.
University of Birmingham. Ashgate: England. USA.
- Al-Bukhārī, Muḥammad ibn Ismā‘īl. 2000. Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Bukhārī. Cairo:
Jam‘iyyat Al-Maknaz Al-Islāmī.
- Ekonomou, Andrew. 2007. Byzantine Rome and the Greek Popes. United
Kingdom: Lexington.
- El-Awaisi, Khalid. 2006. Mapping Islamicjerusalem; A rediscovery of
geographical boundaries. Dundee: Al-Maktoum Institute Academic
Press.
- Efthymiadis, Stepanos. 2008. The Sixty Martyrs of Jerusalem. In
Christian Muslim Realtions. A Bibliographical History. 2009. eds. David
Thomas (et al). Leiden. Boston. Brill.
- Graber, Oleg. 1996. The Shape of the Holy Early Islamic Jerusalem.
Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Griffith, Sidney. 1997. From Aramaic to Arabic: The Languages of
the Monasteries of Palestine in the Byzantine and Early Islamic
Periods. In Dumbarton Oaks Papers. V.51. Pp, 11-31.
- Gil, Moshe.1992. A History of Palestine 634-1099, trans. Ethnal Broido.
Cambridge University Press. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1291760
Accessed on 4/6/2012.
- Al-Ḥamawī, Yāqūt. 1990. Mu‘jam Al-Buldān. ed. Farīd Al-Jundī. Beirut:
Dār Al-Kutub Al-‛Ilmiyyah.
- Al-Ḥanbalī, Mujīr Al-Dīn. Nd. Al-Uns Al-Jalīl bitārīkh Al-Quds wa Al-
Khalīl. np.
- Hawting, G. R. 2000. The First Dynasty of Islam The Umayyad Caliphate
AD 661-750. London. New York: Routlege Taylor and Francis
Group.
- Hitti, Philip. 1952. The History of Syria. London: Macmillan.
Ibn Abī Shaybah, ‘Abdullah ibn Muḥammad. 1994. Al-Muṣannaf fī AlĀḥādīth
wa Al-Āthār, ed. Sa‘īd Al-Laḥḥām. Beirut: Dār Al-Fikr.
- Ibn Kathīr, Abū Al-Fidā’. 1987. Al-Bidāyah wa Al-Nihāyah. eds. ‛Alī
‛Awaḍ (et al). Beirut: Dār Al-Kutub Al-‛Ilmiyyah.
- Ibn ‘Asākir, ‘Alī ibn Al-Ḥasan. 1995. Tārīkh Madīnat Dimashq. Beirut:
Dār Al-Fikr li Al-Ṭibā‘ah wa Al-Nashr wa Al-Tawzī'.
- Janin, Hunt. 2002. Four Paths to Jerusalem Jewish, Christian, Muslim, and
Secular Pilgrimages, 1000 BCE to 2001. North Carolina: McFarland.
- Johns, Jeremy. 2003. Archaeology and the History of Early Islam: The
First Seventy Years. In Journal of the Economic and Social History
of the Orient, v.46, pp. 411-436 (26). Brill. http://www.ingenta
connect.com/content/brill/sho;jsessionid=73gsuul2tl8d0.alexandra
- Khoury, Shahadeh (et al). 2002. A Survey of The History of The Orthodox
Church of Jerusalem. Amman: Dar Al-Shorouk for Publishing and
Distribution.
- Linder, Amnon. 1996. Christian Communities in Jerusalem. In The
History of Jerusalem The Early Muslim Period 638-1099. eds. Joshua
Prawer and Haggai Ben-Shammai. New York: New York University
Press.
- Maḥmūd, Shafīq. 1989. Tārīkh Al-Quds wa Al-‘Alāqah bayna Al-
Muslimīn wAl-Masīḥyyīn fīhā ḥattā Al-Ḥurūb Al-Ṣalībiyyah. Jordan:
Maṭābi‘ Al-Imān.
- Mansour, Atallah. 2004. Narrow Gate Churches. The Christian Presence in
the Holy Land Under Muslim and Jewish Rule. California: Pasadena.
Hope Publishing House.
- Al-Maqdisī, Muḥammad. 1909. Kitāb Aḥsan Al-Taqāsīm fī Ma‘rifat Al-
Aqālīm.
- Marwan Abu Kalaf (et al). 2006. The Byzantine and the Early Islamic
Settlement of Khirbet in Shuwayka. In Webjournal on Cultural
Patrimony. v.2. www.webjournal.unior.it
- Muslim. 2000. Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim Jam‛ Jawāmi‛ Al-Aḥādṭh wa Al-Asānīd wa
Maknaz Al-Ṣiḥāḥ wa Al-Sunan wa Al-Masānīd. Cairo: Jam‛iyyat Al-
Maknaz Al-Islāmī.
- Nasr, Hossein (ed) 1977. Ismā‛īlī Contribution to Islamic Culture. Tehran:
Imperial Iranian Academy of Philosophy.
- O’Mahony, Anthony. 2003. The Christian Communities of Jerusalem and the
Holy Land: Studies in History, Religion, and Politics. Cardif: University of
Wales Press.
- Peri, O. 1999. Islamic Law and the Christian Holy Sites: Jerusalem and
its Vicinity in early Ottoman Times. In Islamic Law and Society. 6
(1999), pp, 97-111 http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals
/islamls6&div=8&g_sent=1&collection=journals#197
- Piccirillo, Michele. 2007. Churches in Jerusalem. In Jerusalem Before
Islam, eds. Robert Schick and Zeidan Kafafi, 189-199. England: Bar
International Series.
- Al-Ratrout, Haithem. 2004. The Architectural Development of Al-Aqsa
Mosque in the Early Islamic Period Sacred Architecture in the Shape of the
'Holy'. Dundee: Al-Maktoum Institute Academic Press.
- Rhymer, Joseph. 2003. New Illustrated Atlas of the Bible. USA: Chartwell
Books.
- Rubin, Rehav. 1999. Image and Reality Jerusalem in Maps and Views.
Jerusalem: The Hebrew University Magners Press.
- Runciman, Steven.1991. A History of the Crusade. England: Penguin
Books.
- Russel, Kenneth. 1985. The Earthquake Chronology of Palestine and
Northwest Arabia from the 2nd Through the Mid-8th Century A.D.
In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. 260, autumn, pp.
37-59. The American Schools of Oriental Research.
- Schick, Robert. 1988. Christian Life in Palestine during the Early
Islamic Period. In The Biblical Archaeologist.v. 51(4) pp.218-221+239-
240 http://www.jstor.org/stable/3210074 Accessed: 08/06/2009.
- Schick, Robert. 1991. Christianity in the Patriarchate of Jerusalem in
the Early Abbasid Period, 132-198/750-813. In Bilād al-Shām During
the Abbasid Period 132 A.H/750 A.D- 451 A.H 1059A.D. History of
Bilād al-Shām Committee, eds. Muhammad al-Bakhit and Robert
Schick. Amman.
- Schick, Robert .1995. The Christian Communities of Palestine From
Byzantine To Islamic Rule A historical and Archaeological Study. Princton:
the Darwin Press, Inc.
- Schick, Robert. 1998. Archaeological Sources for the History of
Palestine: Palestine in the Early Islamic Period: Luxuriant Legacy. In
Near Eastern Archaeology. 61 (2) http://www.jstor.org/stable/
3210639 Accessed: 08/06/2009.
- Schick, Robert. 2007. Byzantine Jerusalem. In Jerusalem before Islam. eds,
Robert Schick and Zeidan Kafafi, 169-188. England: Bar
International Series.
- Al-Shāfi‘ī, Muḥammad ibn Idrīs. 1993. Al-Umm. ed. Maḥmūd Maṭarjī.
Beirut: Dār Al-Kutub Al-‘Ilmiyyah.
- Simonsohn, U. 2010. The Christians Whose Force is Hard Non-
Ecclesiastical Judicial Authorities in the Early Islamic Period. In
Journal of Economic and Social History of the Orient, 53, 579- 620
http://docserver.ingentaconnect.com/deliver/connect/brill/002249
95/v53n4/s2.pdf?expires=1319724971&id=65183523&titleid=1343
&accname=University+of+Aberdeen&checksum=B857A3F7C6389
5A672A5A11E29AF9B03
- Simpson, J.A and E.S.C. Weiner, eds. 2004. The Oxford English
Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- Al-Ṭabarī, Muḥammad Ibn Jarīr. 1997. Tārikh Al-Ṭabarī Tārīkh Al-
Umam wa Al-Mulūk. Beirut: Dār Al-Kutub Al-‛Ilmiyyah.
- Theophanes Confessor: Byzantine and the Near Eastern History, A.D.
284-813. trans. Cyril Mango et al. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Thomas, David (et al) (eds). 2009. Christian-Muslim Relations. Leiden.
Boston. Brill.
- Wilkinson, John. 2002. Jerusalem Pilgrims before the Crusades. England.
Warminster: Airs & Phillips Ltd.
- Tritton, A.S. 2002. Caliphs and their Non-Muslim Subjects. Delhi: Idarah-i-
Adabiyat-i-Delli.
- Tsafrir and Foerster. 1992. The Dating of the "Earthquake of the
Sabbatical Year" of 749 C.E. in Palestine. In Bulletin of the School of
Oriental and African Studies (55):231-35. Quoted in Schick,
Robert.1998. Archaeological Sources for the History of Palestine:
Palestine in the Early Islamic Period: Luxuriant Legacy. In Near
Eastern Archaeology. 61:2.
- Vasiliev, A. 1956. The Iconoclastic Edict of the Caliph Yazid II A.D.
721. In Dumbarton Oaks Papers (9): 23-47 http://www.jstor.org/
stable/1291091 Accessed on 12/8/2009.
- Wilken, Robert. 1988. Loving the Jerusalem Below: The Monks of
Palestine. In Jerusalem Its Sanctity and Centrality to Judaism, Christianity
and Islam. ed. Lee Levine. New York: Continuum.
- William of Tyre. 2003. History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea (Tārīkh Al-
Ḥurūb Al-Ṣalībiyyah Al-A‘māl Al-Munjazah fīmā Warā'a Al-Biḥār).
trans. Suheil Zakkār. Beirut: Dār Al-Fikr.
Emevilerin Beytülmakdis’teki Hristiyan Mukaddesatlarına Yönelik Tutumu
Year 2014,
Volume: 14 , 0 - 0, 01.08.2014
Nour Abu Assab
Abstract
Emevilerin Beytülmakdis’teki Hristiyan Mukaddesatlarına Yönelik Tutumu
References
- Abū Al-Robb, Hānī. 2002. Tarīkh Filistīn fī Ṣadr Al-Islām. Jordan: Dār
Al-Shurūk: Bayt Al-Maqdis li Al-Nashr wa Al-Tawzī‘.
- Aghārziān, Albert. 1998. Ahammiyyat Al-Quds bi al- Nisbah lil-
Masīḥḥyyīn. In Al-Masīhyyūn fil Ard Al-Muqaddash. Eds. Maykel
Brayer and Wiliam Tailor. Trans. Lorans Sammūr. London: Amānat
Al-Tājer Lil-Ālam Al-Islāmī.
- ‘Athaminah, Khalīl. 2000. Filisṭīn fī Khamsat Qurūn min Al-Fatḥ Al-Islāmī
Ḥattā Al-Ghazw Al-Firinjī (634-1099). Beirut: Mu'assasat Al-Dirāsāt
Al-Filisṭīniyyah.
- ‘Awaḍ, Muḥammad. 1992. Al-Raḥḥālah Al-Ūrūbbiyyūn fī Mamlakat Bayt
Al-Maqdis Al-Ṣalībbiyyah 1099- 1187 Mīlādiyyah. Cairo: Maktabat
Madbūlī.
- Al-Balādhurī, Abū Al-Ḥasan. 1983. Futūḥ Al-Buldān, ed. Raḍwān
Raḍwān. Beirut: Dār Al-Kutub Al-‘Ilmiyyah.
- Bar, Doron. 2005. Rural monasticism as a key element in the
Christianization of Byzantine Palestine. In Harvard Theological Review
98, no. 1: 49-65. http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/
pdfviewer?sid=78491bb6-2877-4bf1-8fce-469a7e1ec86a%40session
mgr10&vid=2&hid=15 (Accessed on October 27, 2011).
- Baramki, D. 1996. The Art and Architecture of Ancient Palestine A Survey of
the Archaeology of Palestine from the Earliest Times to the Ottoman Conquest.
Palestine Books, No. 23. Palestine Liberation Organization.
Research Centre: Beirut.
- Brockelmann, Carl. 1998. Tārīkh al-Shu‘ūb al-Islāmiyyah. Trans. Nabīh
Fāris and Munīr Ba‘labkī. Beirut: Dār Al-‘Ilm lilmalayīn.
- Brubaker, L. and John and Haldon. 2001. Byzantine in the Iconoclast Era
(ca 680-850): The Sources an Annotated survey. Birmingham Byzantine and
Ottoman Monographs. V. 7. eds. Anthony Bryer and John Haldon.
Centre for Byzantine, Ottoman and Modern Greek Studies.
University of Birmingham. Ashgate: England. USA.
- Al-Bukhārī, Muḥammad ibn Ismā‘īl. 2000. Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Bukhārī. Cairo:
Jam‘iyyat Al-Maknaz Al-Islāmī.
- Ekonomou, Andrew. 2007. Byzantine Rome and the Greek Popes. United
Kingdom: Lexington.
- El-Awaisi, Khalid. 2006. Mapping Islamicjerusalem; A rediscovery of
geographical boundaries. Dundee: Al-Maktoum Institute Academic
Press.
- Efthymiadis, Stepanos. 2008. The Sixty Martyrs of Jerusalem. In
Christian Muslim Realtions. A Bibliographical History. 2009. eds. David
Thomas (et al). Leiden. Boston. Brill.
- Graber, Oleg. 1996. The Shape of the Holy Early Islamic Jerusalem.
Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Griffith, Sidney. 1997. From Aramaic to Arabic: The Languages of
the Monasteries of Palestine in the Byzantine and Early Islamic
Periods. In Dumbarton Oaks Papers. V.51. Pp, 11-31.
- Gil, Moshe.1992. A History of Palestine 634-1099, trans. Ethnal Broido.
Cambridge University Press. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1291760
Accessed on 4/6/2012.
- Al-Ḥamawī, Yāqūt. 1990. Mu‘jam Al-Buldān. ed. Farīd Al-Jundī. Beirut:
Dār Al-Kutub Al-‛Ilmiyyah.
- Al-Ḥanbalī, Mujīr Al-Dīn. Nd. Al-Uns Al-Jalīl bitārīkh Al-Quds wa Al-
Khalīl. np.
- Hawting, G. R. 2000. The First Dynasty of Islam The Umayyad Caliphate
AD 661-750. London. New York: Routlege Taylor and Francis
Group.
- Hitti, Philip. 1952. The History of Syria. London: Macmillan.
Ibn Abī Shaybah, ‘Abdullah ibn Muḥammad. 1994. Al-Muṣannaf fī AlĀḥādīth
wa Al-Āthār, ed. Sa‘īd Al-Laḥḥām. Beirut: Dār Al-Fikr.
- Ibn Kathīr, Abū Al-Fidā’. 1987. Al-Bidāyah wa Al-Nihāyah. eds. ‛Alī
‛Awaḍ (et al). Beirut: Dār Al-Kutub Al-‛Ilmiyyah.
- Ibn ‘Asākir, ‘Alī ibn Al-Ḥasan. 1995. Tārīkh Madīnat Dimashq. Beirut:
Dār Al-Fikr li Al-Ṭibā‘ah wa Al-Nashr wa Al-Tawzī'.
- Janin, Hunt. 2002. Four Paths to Jerusalem Jewish, Christian, Muslim, and
Secular Pilgrimages, 1000 BCE to 2001. North Carolina: McFarland.
- Johns, Jeremy. 2003. Archaeology and the History of Early Islam: The
First Seventy Years. In Journal of the Economic and Social History
of the Orient, v.46, pp. 411-436 (26). Brill. http://www.ingenta
connect.com/content/brill/sho;jsessionid=73gsuul2tl8d0.alexandra
- Khoury, Shahadeh (et al). 2002. A Survey of The History of The Orthodox
Church of Jerusalem. Amman: Dar Al-Shorouk for Publishing and
Distribution.
- Linder, Amnon. 1996. Christian Communities in Jerusalem. In The
History of Jerusalem The Early Muslim Period 638-1099. eds. Joshua
Prawer and Haggai Ben-Shammai. New York: New York University
Press.
- Maḥmūd, Shafīq. 1989. Tārīkh Al-Quds wa Al-‘Alāqah bayna Al-
Muslimīn wAl-Masīḥyyīn fīhā ḥattā Al-Ḥurūb Al-Ṣalībiyyah. Jordan:
Maṭābi‘ Al-Imān.
- Mansour, Atallah. 2004. Narrow Gate Churches. The Christian Presence in
the Holy Land Under Muslim and Jewish Rule. California: Pasadena.
Hope Publishing House.
- Al-Maqdisī, Muḥammad. 1909. Kitāb Aḥsan Al-Taqāsīm fī Ma‘rifat Al-
Aqālīm.
- Marwan Abu Kalaf (et al). 2006. The Byzantine and the Early Islamic
Settlement of Khirbet in Shuwayka. In Webjournal on Cultural
Patrimony. v.2. www.webjournal.unior.it
- Muslim. 2000. Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim Jam‛ Jawāmi‛ Al-Aḥādṭh wa Al-Asānīd wa
Maknaz Al-Ṣiḥāḥ wa Al-Sunan wa Al-Masānīd. Cairo: Jam‛iyyat Al-
Maknaz Al-Islāmī.
- Nasr, Hossein (ed) 1977. Ismā‛īlī Contribution to Islamic Culture. Tehran:
Imperial Iranian Academy of Philosophy.
- O’Mahony, Anthony. 2003. The Christian Communities of Jerusalem and the
Holy Land: Studies in History, Religion, and Politics. Cardif: University of
Wales Press.
- Peri, O. 1999. Islamic Law and the Christian Holy Sites: Jerusalem and
its Vicinity in early Ottoman Times. In Islamic Law and Society. 6
(1999), pp, 97-111 http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals
/islamls6&div=8&g_sent=1&collection=journals#197
- Piccirillo, Michele. 2007. Churches in Jerusalem. In Jerusalem Before
Islam, eds. Robert Schick and Zeidan Kafafi, 189-199. England: Bar
International Series.
- Al-Ratrout, Haithem. 2004. The Architectural Development of Al-Aqsa
Mosque in the Early Islamic Period Sacred Architecture in the Shape of the
'Holy'. Dundee: Al-Maktoum Institute Academic Press.
- Rhymer, Joseph. 2003. New Illustrated Atlas of the Bible. USA: Chartwell
Books.
- Rubin, Rehav. 1999. Image and Reality Jerusalem in Maps and Views.
Jerusalem: The Hebrew University Magners Press.
- Runciman, Steven.1991. A History of the Crusade. England: Penguin
Books.
- Russel, Kenneth. 1985. The Earthquake Chronology of Palestine and
Northwest Arabia from the 2nd Through the Mid-8th Century A.D.
In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. 260, autumn, pp.
37-59. The American Schools of Oriental Research.
- Schick, Robert. 1988. Christian Life in Palestine during the Early
Islamic Period. In The Biblical Archaeologist.v. 51(4) pp.218-221+239-
240 http://www.jstor.org/stable/3210074 Accessed: 08/06/2009.
- Schick, Robert. 1991. Christianity in the Patriarchate of Jerusalem in
the Early Abbasid Period, 132-198/750-813. In Bilād al-Shām During
the Abbasid Period 132 A.H/750 A.D- 451 A.H 1059A.D. History of
Bilād al-Shām Committee, eds. Muhammad al-Bakhit and Robert
Schick. Amman.
- Schick, Robert .1995. The Christian Communities of Palestine From
Byzantine To Islamic Rule A historical and Archaeological Study. Princton:
the Darwin Press, Inc.
- Schick, Robert. 1998. Archaeological Sources for the History of
Palestine: Palestine in the Early Islamic Period: Luxuriant Legacy. In
Near Eastern Archaeology. 61 (2) http://www.jstor.org/stable/
3210639 Accessed: 08/06/2009.
- Schick, Robert. 2007. Byzantine Jerusalem. In Jerusalem before Islam. eds,
Robert Schick and Zeidan Kafafi, 169-188. England: Bar
International Series.
- Al-Shāfi‘ī, Muḥammad ibn Idrīs. 1993. Al-Umm. ed. Maḥmūd Maṭarjī.
Beirut: Dār Al-Kutub Al-‘Ilmiyyah.
- Simonsohn, U. 2010. The Christians Whose Force is Hard Non-
Ecclesiastical Judicial Authorities in the Early Islamic Period. In
Journal of Economic and Social History of the Orient, 53, 579- 620
http://docserver.ingentaconnect.com/deliver/connect/brill/002249
95/v53n4/s2.pdf?expires=1319724971&id=65183523&titleid=1343
&accname=University+of+Aberdeen&checksum=B857A3F7C6389
5A672A5A11E29AF9B03
- Simpson, J.A and E.S.C. Weiner, eds. 2004. The Oxford English
Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- Al-Ṭabarī, Muḥammad Ibn Jarīr. 1997. Tārikh Al-Ṭabarī Tārīkh Al-
Umam wa Al-Mulūk. Beirut: Dār Al-Kutub Al-‛Ilmiyyah.
- Theophanes Confessor: Byzantine and the Near Eastern History, A.D.
284-813. trans. Cyril Mango et al. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Thomas, David (et al) (eds). 2009. Christian-Muslim Relations. Leiden.
Boston. Brill.
- Wilkinson, John. 2002. Jerusalem Pilgrims before the Crusades. England.
Warminster: Airs & Phillips Ltd.
- Tritton, A.S. 2002. Caliphs and their Non-Muslim Subjects. Delhi: Idarah-i-
Adabiyat-i-Delli.
- Tsafrir and Foerster. 1992. The Dating of the "Earthquake of the
Sabbatical Year" of 749 C.E. in Palestine. In Bulletin of the School of
Oriental and African Studies (55):231-35. Quoted in Schick,
Robert.1998. Archaeological Sources for the History of Palestine:
Palestine in the Early Islamic Period: Luxuriant Legacy. In Near
Eastern Archaeology. 61:2.
- Vasiliev, A. 1956. The Iconoclastic Edict of the Caliph Yazid II A.D.
721. In Dumbarton Oaks Papers (9): 23-47 http://www.jstor.org/
stable/1291091 Accessed on 12/8/2009.
- Wilken, Robert. 1988. Loving the Jerusalem Below: The Monks of
Palestine. In Jerusalem Its Sanctity and Centrality to Judaism, Christianity
and Islam. ed. Lee Levine. New York: Continuum.
- William of Tyre. 2003. History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea (Tārīkh Al-
Ḥurūb Al-Ṣalībiyyah Al-A‘māl Al-Munjazah fīmā Warā'a Al-Biḥār).
trans. Suheil Zakkār. Beirut: Dār Al-Fikr.
THE UMAYYADS' ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE CHRISTIAN SACRED SITES IN ISLAMICJERUSALEM
Year 2014,
Volume: 14 , 0 - 0, 01.08.2014
Nour Abu Assab
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the Umayyads' attitude
towards Christian sacred places in Islamicjerusalem under the
Umayyad rule. The paper tries to explore the Umayyads' way in
dealing with the Christian sanctuaries in terms of the interaction of
the formal figures with the venerated Christian sanctuaries,
investigating whether the Umayyad’s allowed the building, the
rebuilding and the renovation of new churches or not. It will also try
to examine how the Muslims dealt with the presentations related to
the Christian sacred sites such as the feasts' parades and the
displaying of crosses. In the same regard, this paper investigates how
active the pilgrimage sites were, through eye-witness and pilgrims
accounts. In order to achieve the previous goals, the researcher will
survey the historical accounts with the support of the archaeological
evidence in an attempt to identify the attitude held generally.
References
- Abū Al-Robb, Hānī. 2002. Tarīkh Filistīn fī Ṣadr Al-Islām. Jordan: Dār
Al-Shurūk: Bayt Al-Maqdis li Al-Nashr wa Al-Tawzī‘.
- Aghārziān, Albert. 1998. Ahammiyyat Al-Quds bi al- Nisbah lil-
Masīḥḥyyīn. In Al-Masīhyyūn fil Ard Al-Muqaddash. Eds. Maykel
Brayer and Wiliam Tailor. Trans. Lorans Sammūr. London: Amānat
Al-Tājer Lil-Ālam Al-Islāmī.
- ‘Athaminah, Khalīl. 2000. Filisṭīn fī Khamsat Qurūn min Al-Fatḥ Al-Islāmī
Ḥattā Al-Ghazw Al-Firinjī (634-1099). Beirut: Mu'assasat Al-Dirāsāt
Al-Filisṭīniyyah.
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