MARDİN VE HAÇLILARLA MÜCADELEDKİ ROLÜ

Year 2020, Volume: 20 Issue: 3, 389 - 410, 31.12.2020

Hüseyin Ali

https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.808094

Cited By: 1

Abstract

The city of Mardin and its Artuqids leaders contributed immensely to the fight of the crusaders especially in Helep, Antakya and Bayt al-Maqdis during the reign of Sakman Ibn Artuq and his brother Najm al-Din El-Ghazi and Husam al-Din Timortash, followed by his son Najm al-Din Albi. A new stage of fighting the armies of the crusaders developed in the reign of Husam al-Din Timortash as Mardin advanced from self-defence to the stage of attack, particularly when Husam al-Din lead an army aiming at liberating Bayt al-Maqdis and al-Aqsa Mosque, regrettably the mission failed and many of the people of Mardin were martyred during this attempt. Mardin and its rulers assisted the Zengids in their numerous campaigns against the crusaders, which led to the fall of Al-Ruha (Urfa) and its return to Muslim hands. Indeed the Artuqids have played a vital role in the battlefield alongside the troops of Salah al-Din at the horns of Hattin in 583AH/1187CE and this leads to the defeat of the crusaders and expelling most of their forces to the costal towns and the liberation of Bayt al-Maqdis.

Keywords

HAÇLILAR, MARDİN, KÜDÜS, Hıttin Muharebesi, ARTUKLULAR

Mardin and its Role in Combating the Crusaders

Abstract

The city of Mardin and its Artuqid rulers contributed immensely to combatting the crusaders, particularly in Aleppo, Antakya and Bayt al-Maqdis. This commenced from the reign of Sakman ibn Artuq, and then his brother Najm al-Din El-Ghazi, followed by Husam al-Din Timortash, and then his son Najm al-Din Albi. A new stage of fighting the crusaders developed in the reign of Husam al-Din Timortash, as Mardin advanced from a defensive to offensive attack, particularly when Husam al-Din led an army aimed at liberating Bayt al-Maqdis and al-Aqsa Mosque. Although he reached the Holy City, regrettably the mission failed and many of the people of Mardin were martyred during this attempt. Mardin and its rulers assisted the Zengids in their numerous campaigns against the crusaders, which led to the fall of Al-Ruha (Urfa) and its return to Muslim hands. Indeed, the Artuqids have played a vital role in the battlefield alongside the troops of Salah al-Din at the horns of Hattin in 583AH/1187CE, leading to the defeat of the crusaders, the expelling of most of their forces from the coastal towns, and ultimately, the liberation of Bayt al-Maqdis.

Keywords

Crusaders, Mardin, al-Quds, Battle of Hattin, Artuqids, Bayt al-Maqdis

مدينة ماردين ودورها في مواجهة الصليبيين

Abstract

كان لمدينة ماردين وحكامها الأراتقة دور كبير في مواجهة الصليبيين وخاصة في حلب وأنطاكيا وبيت المقدس منذ عهد سقمان بن أرتق وثم أخوه نجم الدين إيلغازي وثم ابنه حسام الدين تيمورتاش وثم ابنه نجم الدين ألبي. فقد بدأت مرحلة جديدة من الجهاد ضد الصليبيين في عهد حسام الدين تيمورتاش حين تحولت ماردين من موقف الدفاع عن الممتلكات الإسلامية إلى مرحلة الهجوم حتى قاد حسام الدين جيشاً لتحرير بيت المقدس ومسجده الأقصى ولكن لم يوفق في غايته وسقط أبناء ماردين شهداء في طريق تحرير بيت المقدس. قامت ماردين وحكامها بمساندة الزنكيين في حملاتهم ضد الصليبيين ونتج عن ذلك سقوط الرُّها وعودتها لأيدي المسلمين. وقد توّج الأراتقة دورهم في مواجهة الغزو الصليبي بانضمام جيشهم لجيوش صلاح الدين الأيوبي في معركة حطين عام 583هـ/1187م وقد نتج عن ذلك هزيمة للصليبيين وطردهم من معظم مدن الساحل واستعادة بيت المقدس.

Keywords

الصليبيين, ماردين, معركة حطين, الأراتقة, بيت المقدس

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