Asphalt Binder Modification in Flexible Pavement Using Different Amounts of Crumb Rubber

Abstract

Abstract: Every year, thousands of tires made of crumb rubber are consumed as scrap. Burning this material means that more landfill space is needed, which creates a crumb rubber in PG76 performance grade and 80–100 penetration grade asphalt binder mix. Using a wet method, the asphalt binders were combined with waste crumb rubber to create a powder form 40 mesh (0.425 micron). health risk and environmental problems. The study concentrated on using crumb rubber to replace 15, 20, and 25% of the modified asphalt binder mix's total weight. The Malaysian JKR/SPJ/2008-S4 standard and the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) served as the foundation for the laboratory work. Numerous tests were carried out, including pressure aging vessel, rolling thin film oven, penetration, softening point, and viscosity testing on modified asphalt binder. The outcome demonstrates a beneficial effect, with penetration decreasing as 80–100% and PG76 blend asphalt binder are partially substituted with crumb rubber. In contrast to 80–100 asphalt binder, the PG76 asphalt binder result exhibits reduced penetration in terms of stiffness throughout both short- and long-term aging. The softening point test results indicate that replacing a portion of the asphalt binder with crumb rubber raises the temperature of the PG76 and 80-100 asphalt binder mix. This is especially true after the PG76 short-term aging test (RTFOT) at 20% replacement when the temperature reached 85°C, and after the long-term aging test (PAV), when the temperature dropped to 75°C. However, resistance to increased temperature susceptibility is indicated by the partial replacement of asphalt binder by crumb rubber. According to the results of the viscosity test, the PG76 asphalt binder is more viscous than the original PG76, and the 80-100 asphalt binder replacement is made of a crumb rubber mix. For the short-term aging (RTFOT) test, the PG76 asphalt binder suggests that a crumb rubber replacement of 20% is ideal. When compared to the RTFOT test, the viscosity decreased in the long-term aging (PAV) test.

Keywords

• Asphalt
• Crumb Rubber
• Modification

Project Number

163

Asphalt binder modification in flexible using difference amount of crumb rubber

Abstract

Abstract: Every year, thousands of tires made of crumb rubber are consumed as scrap. By burning this material, more landfill space is needed, which poses a crumb rubber in PG76 performance grade and 80–100 penetration grade asphalt binder mix. Using a wet method, the asphalt binders were combined with waste crumb rubber to create a powder form 40 mesh (0.425 micron).health risk and environmental problems. The study concentrated on using crumb rubber to replace 15, 20, and 25% of the modified asphalt binder mix's total weight. The Malaysian JKR/SPJ/2008-S4 standard and the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) served as the foundation for the laboratory work. Numerous tests were carried out, including pressure aging vessel, rolling thin film oven, penetration, softening point, and viscosity testing on modified asphalt binder. The outcome demonstrates a beneficial effect, with penetration decreasing as 80–100% and PG76 blend asphalt binder are partially substituted with crumb rubber. In contrast to 80–100 asphalt binder, the PG76 asphalt binder result exhibits reduced penetration in terms of stiffness throughout both short- and long-term aging. The softening point test results indicate that replacing a portion of the asphalt binder with crumb rubber raises the temperature of the PG76 and 80-100 asphalt binder mix. This is especially true after the PG76 short-term aging test (RTFOT) at 20% replacement when the temperature reached 85°C, and after the long-term aging test (PAV), when the temperature dropped to 75°C. However, resistance to increased temperature susceptibility is indicated by the partial replacement of asphalt binder by crumb rubber. According to the results of the viscosity test, the PG76 asphalt binder is more viscous than the original PG76 and the 80-100 asphalt binder replacement made of crumb rubber mix. For the short-term aging (RTFOT) test, the PG76 asphalt binder suggests that a crumb rubber replacement of 20% is ideal. When compared to the RTFOT test, the viscosity decreased in the long-term aging (PAV) test.

Keywords

• asphalt
• Crumb Rubber
• modification

Project Number

163

References

1. Amirkhanian S. N. (2003). Establishment of an Asphalt-Rubber Technology Service (ARTS), Proceedings of the Asphalt Rubber 2003 Conference, Brasilia, Brazil, pp 577-588.
2. American Society of Testing and Materials. (2001) D 6114 Standard Specification for Asphalt rubber Binder in Vol. 4.03, Road and Paving Materials; VehiclePavement Systems, Annual Book of ASTM Standards 2001, ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA.
3. Amirkhanian, S. and Corley, M. (2004). Utilization of Rubberized Asphalt in the United Statesan Overview. Proceedings of 04 International Symposium Advanced. Avraam I. Isayev. (2005). Recycling of Rubbers: Science and Technology of Rubber. Third Edition, Academic Press.
4. Bahia, H.U., D. Perdomo, R. Schwartz, and B. Takallou. (1997). Use of Superpave Technology for Design and Construction of Rubberized Asphalt Mixtures', Presented at the 76th Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, January.
5. Bahia, Hussain and Robert Davies (1994). Effect of Crumb Rubber Modifiers (CRM) on Performance-Related Properties of Asphalt Binders. Journal, AAPT, 1994, pp. 414-441.
6. Brûlé, B. (2007). Polymer-Modified Asphalt Cements Used in the Road Construction Industry: Basic Principles, Transportation Research Record, Volume 1535, Is.1, pp. 48-53.
7. Benazzouk A., Douzane O, Langlet T., Mezreb K., Roucoult J.M. and Quéneudec M., (2007), “Physico-mechanical properties and water absorption of cement composite containing shredded rubber wastes”, Cement and Concrete Composites, 29, 732–740. 59
8. Denning, J. H., Carswell, J. (1981). Improvements in Rolled Asphalt Surfacing by the Addition of Organic Polymers. Laboratory Report 989, Transport and Road Research Laboratory, Crowthorne.

9. Edil T.B. (2004), “A review of mechanical and chemical properties of shredded tires and soil mixtures”, in Geotechnical Special Publication No. 127, Eds A.H.
10. Aydilek and J.Wartman, Recycled Materials in Geotechnics, pp. 1–21, ASCE, Reston, VA, USA.
11. Federal Highway Administration. (1998). User Guidelines for Waste and By-Product Materials in Pavement Construction. US Department of Transportation.
12. Glover, C. J., and Bullin. J. A. (1997). Physical Properties of Asphalt-Rubber Binder. Petroleum Science and Technology, Vol, Issue 3-4.
13. Harvey, J., Bejarano, M., Popescu, L. (2000). Accelerated Pavement Testing of Rutting and Cracking Performance of Asphalt –Rubber and Conventional Asphalt Concrete Overlay Strategies. Conference on Asphalt Rubber, Vilamoura, Portugal.
14. Huang B., Mohammed, L.N. Graves,P.S., and Abadie, C. (2002). Louisiana Experience with Crumb Rubber-Modified Hot-Mix Asphalt Pavement. Transportation Research Record, No: 1789, Washington, D.C.
15. Hunt, E.A. (2002). Crumb Rubber Modified Asphalt Concrete in Oregon. Final Report SPR 355, Oregon Department of Transportation.
16. Heitzman, M. (1991). Design and Construction of Asphalt Paving Materials with Crumb Rubber Modifier. Transportation Research Record 1339, TRB, Washington, D.C., pp. 1-8.
17. Heitzman, M.A. (1992). State of the Practice for the Design and Construction of Asphalt Paving Materials with Crumb Rubber Additive. Report No. FHWASA-92-022, Office of Engineering, Pavement Division, Federal Highways Administration.
18. Huang, Yue, Roger N. Bird, and Oliver Heidrich. (2007). A Review of the Use of Recycled Solid Waste Materials in Asphalt Pavements. Resources, Conservation and Recycling (Elsevier) Vol. 52, no. Issue 1 pp58-73.
19. Liu S, Cao W, Fang J, Shang S (2009). Variance Analysis and Performance Evaluation of Different Crumb Rubber Modified (CRM). Asphalt. Constr. Build. Mater. 23: 2701-2708. 60
20. Maupin, B.D. (1992). Virginia’s Experimentation with Asphalt Rubber Concrete. Transportation Research Record, No: 1339, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
21. Maupin, B.D. (1996). Hot Mix Asphalt Rubber Application in Virginia. Transportation Research Record, No: 1530, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C
22. Mark, J. E., Erman, B, and Eirich, F. R. (2005). The Science and Technology of Rubber 3rd Edition. Elsevier Academic Press, Burlington, MA.
23. Mohamed, A. A. (2007). A Study on the Physical and Mechanical Properties Of Asphaltic Concrete Incorporating Crumb Rubber Produced Through Dry Process [TA443. A7 A136 2007 f rb], Universiti Sains Malaysia.
24. Magar, N. R. (2014). A Study on the Performance of Crumb Rubber Modified Bitumen by Varying the Sizes of Crumb Rubber.
25. Nuha S. Mashaan (2011) Effect of Crumb Rubber Concentration on the Physical and Rheological Properties of Rubberised Bitumen Binder’s. Vol. 6(4), pp. 684- 690
26. Read, J., Whiteoak, D., & Shell Bitumen. (2003). The Shell Bitumen Handbook (5th ed.). London: Thomas Telford.
27. Ruth, B.E., and Roque, R. Crumb Rubber Modifier (CRM) in Asphalt Pavements, Proceedings of the Transportation Congress, 768-785. 1995.
28. Snyder, R.H. (1998). Scrap Tires: Disposal and Reuse. Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., Warrendale, PA.
29. Souza and Weissman (1994). Using a Binder with 15% Rubber Content (size of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6mm) in Dense- graded Bitumen.
30. Shatanawi, Khaldoun M, Szabolcs Biro, Andras Geiger, and Serji N Amirkhanian. (2012). Effects of Furfural Activated Crumb Rubber on the Properties of Rubberized Asphalt. Construction and Building Materials. Vol. 28, no. Issue 1 p96-103.
31. Takallou H.B., Takallou M.B. (1991). Recycling Tires in Rubber Asphalt Paving Yields Cost, Disposal Benefits, Elastomerics, Vol 123, P: 19-24.
32. Takallou, H.B. (1988). Development of Improved Mix and Construction Guidelines for Rubber Modified Asphalt Pavements. Transport Research Record 1171, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. Whiteoak, D. (1991). The Shell Bitumen Handbook. Shell Bitumen, UK 80/11Surrey.