Analysis of Land Use Detection Between 1996 and 2024 in the Central District of Adiyaman (Southeastern Türkiye)

Abstract

Land use change detection is critically important for environmental sustainability and resource management. This study investigates at the specifics of the methods used to identify changes in land use, their possible effects on ecosystems, and the causes of the decline in residential areas and rise in building on agricultural land after the February 6 earthquakes. According to the analysis results, it is seen that agricultural lands have decreased by 62.81% from 1996 to 2024. It is seen that there has been a partial increase in construction, especially after the earthquake with a magnitude of Mw 7.7 on February 6, 2023, there has been an increase in flat and bare areas and construction in these regions has increased by over 60%. According to the kappa statistics of land use maps made from satellite images of 1996, 2011 and 2024, the analysis results were calculated as 0.83, 0.82 and 0.89, respectively.

Keywords

• Land Use Change
• Satellite Images
• Geographic Information Systems
• Earthquakes.

Adıyaman (Merkez) 1996–2024 Yılları Arasındaki Arazi Kullanım Değişim Analizi (Güneydoğu Türkiye)

Abstract

Öz: Arazi kullanımı ve arazi örtüsü değişim analizi, çevresel yönetim, afet sonrası yeniden yapılanma ve risk duyarlı kentsel planlama açısından kritik kanıtlar sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, 1996, 2011 ve 2024 yıllarına ait Landsat uydu görüntüleri kullanılarak Türkiye’nin güneydoğusunda yer alan Adıyaman merkez ilçesindeki arazi kullanım değişimini değerlendirmektedir. Geometrik, radyometrik ve atmosferik ön işleme adımlarından sonra arazi kullanım sınıfları Spektral Açı Haritalama sınıflandırma yöntemiyle haritalanmış; sınıflandırma sonuçları doğruluk değerlendirmesi ve kappa istatistikleri kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, 28 yıllık dönemde peyzajda belirgin bir dönüşüm yaşandığını göstermektedir. Tarım alanları önemli ölçüde azalırken, yerleşim ve çıplak alan sınıfları kentsel büyüme, arazi bozulumu ve deprem sonrası yeniden yapılanma baskılarına bağlı olarak genişlemiştir. En güncel harita, 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş depremlerinden sonra düşük katlı konut gelişimine yönelik talebin arttığını da göstermektedir. Genel doğruluk değerleri 1996, 2011 ve 2024 yılları için sırasıyla %85.46, %87.52 ve %91.74 olarak hesaplanmış; kappa değerleri ise 0.83, 0.82 ve 0.89 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, sınıflandırma performansının güvenilir olduğunu ortaya koymakta ve afet riski taşıyan kentsel çevrelerde sürdürülebilir arazi kullanım politikalarının yönlendirilmesinde uydu tabanlı izlemenin önemini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Coğrafi bilgi sistemleri
• Arazi kullanım değişimi
• Uzaktan algılama
• Uydu görüntüleri
• Spektral açı haritalama.

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