Masif ahşap malzemenin CNC ile işlenmesinde bakı ve işleme parametrelerinin etkisi

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 14 - 22, 31.12.2025

İsmail İlşekerci , Sait Dündar Sofuoğlu

https://doi.org/10.30516/bilgesci.1641807

Abstract

Ağaç malzemeler kendine has olumlu özelliklerinden dolayı tarih boyunca pek çok ihtiyaca çözüm olmuştur. Ağaç malzemelerin kullanım yerine uygun olarak seçilmesi ve en uygun koşullarda işlenmesi doğal kaynakların yüksek verimlilikle değerlendirilmesini sağlayacaktır. Ağaç malzemenin kullanım yerinin belirlenmesinde yetiştiği yerin, ve yetiştiği yerin özelliklerinin elde edilen tomruğun ve kerestenin özelliklerine etkisinin olduğu beklenmektedir. Bu çalışmada kuzey bakı ve güney bakı da yetişen karaçam (Pinus nigra Arnold) ve doğu kayını (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) ağaç türlerinin çeşitli işleme koşullarında yüzey pürüzlülük (Ra) değerleri belirlenmiştir. Numuneler Scilled 2040 CNC 3 axis milling machine kullanılarak 1000, 1500 ve 2000 mm /min 3 farklı ilerleme hızında, 12000, 15000 ve 18000 rpm devri sayısında 12 mm çapında HSS kesici kullanılarak kanal açılmıştır. Elde edilen yüzeylerde Ra yüzey pürüzlülük parametresi belirlenmiş ve elde edilen veriler değerlendirilmiştir. Genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde, her iki ağaç türü için en düşük Ra değeri 18000 rpm’de karaçam için 1000 mm/dak, kayın için 1000 veya 1500 mm/dak ilerleme hızında güney bakıdan elde edilen numunelerde elde edilmiştir. Her iki ağaç türü için devir sayısının artması ile birlikte Ra değerinde doğrusal düşme meydana gelmiştir. 18000 rpm’de en düşük Ra değerleri elde edilmiştir. Genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde her iki ağaç türü için Güney bakıdan elde edilen numuneler daha düzgün yüzeyler vermiştir.

Keywords

CNC, ahşap işleme, bakı, yüzey pürüzlülüğü

The effect of the Aspect and machining parameters on CNC machining of solid wood material

Abstract

The selection of wood materials in accordance with the place of use and their processing under the most appropriate conditions will ensure the utilisation of natural resources with high efficiency. In the utilisation of wood material, it is known that the characteristics of the place where it grows and the place where it grows affect the properties of the log and timber obtained. In this study, the surface roughness (Ra) values of larch (Pinus nigra Arnold) and eastern beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) wood species growing in northern and southern aspects were determined under various machining parameters. The specimens were grooved using a Scilled 2040 CNC 3-axis milling machine at 3 different feeds of 1000 mm/min, 1500 mm/min and 2000 mm/min, 12000 rpm, 15000 rpm and 18000 rpm, using a 12 mm diameter HSS (High-speed steel) cutter. The surface roughness parameter Ra was determined on the surfaces obtained, and the data obtained was evaluated. When evaluated in general, the lowest Ra value for both wood species was obtained at 18000 rpm at 1000 mm/min for larch and 1000 mm/min or 1500 mm/min for beech at a feed of 1000 mm/min or 1500 mm/min for the specimens obtained from the southern aspect. A linear decrease in Ra value occurred for both wood species with the increased number of revolutions. The lowest Ra values were obtained at 18000 rpm. Generally, the samples obtained from the southern aspect direction gave smoother surfaces for both wood species.

Keywords

CNC, wood machining, aspect, surface roughness

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