Determinants of Carbon Dioxide Emissions in the Organization of Turkic States: An Environmental Sustainability Perspective

Year 2026, Issue: 117 , 71 - 100 , 30.04.2026

Ayşegül Baykul , Selen Işık Maden

https://doi.org/10.12995/bilig.7368

https://izlik.org/JA52CP52WK

Abstract

The ongoing climate crisis is one of the most severe threats to ecological, economic, and social development, affecting millions worldwide. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is essential to limit the effects of the global climate crisis. This study aims to assess environmental sustainability by analyzing the impact of key determinants of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Türkiye, the member states of the Organization of Turkic States. According to the results of the autoregressive distributed lag bounds test (ARDL), based on data covering the period 1997–2019, economic growth, energy use in agricultural productivity, and industrialization increase CO₂ emissions, whereas forest area reduces CO₂ emissions in the long run. The findings were evaluated for the aforementioned countries, and corresponding policy implications were presented.

Keywords

Organization of Turkic States , carbon dioxide emission , environment , renewable energy , sustainability

Çevresel Sürdürülebilirlik Açısından Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı Ülkelerinde Karbondioksit Emisyonlarını Etkileyen Faktörlerin Değerlendirilmesi

https://izlik.org/JA52CP52WK

Abstract

Devam eden iklim krizi dünya çapında milyonlarca insanı olumsuz etkileyen ekolojik, ekonomik ve sosyal kalkınmaya yönelik en ciddi tehditlerden biridir. Küresel iklim krizinin etkilerini sınırlamak için sera gazı emisyonlarının azaltılması önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türk Devletleri Teşkilatına üye ülkeler olan Azerbaycan, Kırgızistan, Kazakistan, Özbekistan ve Türkiye’nin CO2 (Karbondioksit) emisyonlarını belirleyen değişkenlerin etkisi araştırılarak, çevresel sürdürülebilirliğin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. 1997-2019 dönemi verileri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen çalışmada ARDL (Gecikmesi Dağıtılmış Otoregresif Sınır Testi) sonuçlarına göre, ekonomik büyüme ve tarımsal verimliliğin CO2 emisyonlarını artırırken; yenilenebilir enerji kullanımı, sanayileşme ve orman alanlarının uzun dönemde CO2 emisyonlarını azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular söz konusu ülkeler için tartışılarak politika çıkarımlarında bulunulmuştur.

Keywords

ürk Devletleri Teşkilatı , karbondioksit emisyonu , çevre , yenilenebilir enerji , sürdürülebilirlik

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