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Pro-formlar: Zamirler Temsil İşlevinde Yalnız mı?

Year 2014, Issue: 68, 97 - 116, 01.06.2014

Abstract

Geleneksel dil bilgisinin yaklaşımına göre dilde bir şeyin ‘yerine
geçme’ işlevi sadece zamirlere mahsus bir özelliktir. Bu bakış
açısı, yerine geçme durumunu yalnız isim-zamir ikilisiyle sınırlandırmıştır.
Oysa dilde temsil, vekâlet, yerine geçme vs. olayı
daha yaygın bir kullanıma sahiptir ve isim-zamir ikilisinin dı-
şında birçok dil unsuru birbirinin yerine geçebilmektedir. Cins
isimlerin, bazı fiillerin ve sıfatların yanında bazı durumlarda deyimler,
atasözleri, hikâyeler, fabllar, anekdotlar vs. bile benzer
durumları ifade için kullanılan temsil yapılarıdır. Dilde temsil
ifade eden unsurlara pro-form adı verilir. Zamirler pro-formların
en büyükleri olsa da bunlar bu tür yapılar içerisinde yalnızca bir
türüdür. Bu yazıda dilbilgisel olarak zamir diye adlandırılmadıkları
halde zamirsellik gösteren unsurlar ele alınarak zamirlerin
temsil işlevinde yalnız olmadıkları vurgulanmaktadır. Yazı-
mızın teorik çerçevesini özellikle göstergebilim teorisi ile prototip
teorisi oluşturmaktadır.

References

  • Altınörs, Atakan (2000). Dil Felsefesi Sözlüğü. İstanbul: ParadigmaYay.
  • Bhat, D. N. S. (2004). Pronouns. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Brown, Gillian and George Yule (1986). Discourse Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Crystal, David (2008). A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
  • De Saussure, Ferdinand (1966). Course in General Linguistics. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company.
  • Demircan, Ömer (2005). “Türkçede ‘izek’leme”. Türk Dili Dergisi 19: 109.
  • Demirci, Kerim (2010). Teorik Bir Yaklaşımla Zamirler. Ankara: Grafiker Yay.
  • Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009). Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian, Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Eraslan, Kemal (1999). “Zamirler.” Türk Gramerinin Sorunları Bildiriler. Ankara: TDK Yay.
  • Halliday, M. A. K. and Ruqaiya Hasan (1976). Cohesion in English. London: Longman.
  • Hardt, Daniel (1993). Verb Phrase Ellipsis: Form, Meaning and Processing. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Pensylvania.
  • Haspelmath, Martin (2005). Indefinite Pronouns. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Johanson, Lars (2004). “Güney Sibirya Türkçesinde Adlar ve Sıfatlar”. bilig 29: 1-27.
  • Johnson, R. K. (1985). “Prototype Theory, Cognitive Linguistics and Pedagogical Grammar”. Working Papers in Linguistics and Language Training (8): 12-24.
  • Karabulut, Ferhat (2009). “Köktürkçenin Sıfat Fiilli Yapı Tipolojisi”. bilig 48: 91-118.
  • Kıran, Ayşe (1987). “Semiyoloji ve Semiyotik”. H. Ü. Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 4 (2): 47-69.
  • Kıran, Zeynel (1996). Dilbilim Akımları. Ankara: Onur Yay.
  • Kocasavaş, Yıldız (2004). Türkçede Şahıs Zamirleri. Ankara: TDK Yay.
  • Kullavanijaya, Pranee (2005). Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Ed. Philipp Strazny. New York, Oxon: Fitzroy Dearborn.
  • Martinich, A. P. (1990). The Philosophy of Language. Ed. A. P. Martinich. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Matthews, P. H. (1997). Concise Dictionary of Linguistics. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Ouhalla, Jamal (2004). Functional Categories and Parametric Variation. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Özmen, Mehmet (2010). Türk Dili Üzerine Makaleler. Ankara: Akçağ Yay.
  • Radford, Andrew (1997). Syntactic Theory and the Structure of English: A Minimalist Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Richards, Jack C. and Richard Schmidt (2002). Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics. London and New York: Longman.
  • Toklu, Osman (2003). Dilbilime Giriş. Ankara: Akçağ Yay.
  • Trask, R. L. (1996). A Dictionary of Grammatical Terms in Linguistics. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Wiseman, Boris (2007). Lévi-Strauss, Anthropology and Aesthetics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://www.etymonline.com/ [Erişim tarihi: 22.06.2010].

Pro-forms: Are Pronouns Alone in the Function of Representation?

Year 2014, Issue: 68, 97 - 116, 01.06.2014

Abstract

Traditionally, in language the characteristic of ‘standing for’ something is attributed to pronouns only. This linguistic approach confines the status of substitution to the nounpronoun dichotomy. However, when examined closely, in language substitution, representation, reference etc. have more common applications than conventionally believed, and other than the noun-pronoun dichotomy, there are a number of other language units that can substitute each other. Along with common nouns, some verbs, adjectives and on some occasions even sayings, proverbs, stories, anecdotes, fables etc. can be used with the function of representation. These types of expressions that stand for other language units are called pro-forms. Though pronouns are the largest ones, they make just one sub-division among a larger group of pro-forms. Even though they are not grammatically marked as pronouns, they all show pronoun-like characteristics. Accordingly, this study aims to show that pronouns are not unaccompanied in the function of representation. This study is mainly based on the semiotic theory and to a certain extent the prototype theory

References

  • Altınörs, Atakan (2000). Dil Felsefesi Sözlüğü. İstanbul: ParadigmaYay.
  • Bhat, D. N. S. (2004). Pronouns. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Brown, Gillian and George Yule (1986). Discourse Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Crystal, David (2008). A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
  • De Saussure, Ferdinand (1966). Course in General Linguistics. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company.
  • Demircan, Ömer (2005). “Türkçede ‘izek’leme”. Türk Dili Dergisi 19: 109.
  • Demirci, Kerim (2010). Teorik Bir Yaklaşımla Zamirler. Ankara: Grafiker Yay.
  • Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009). Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian, Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Eraslan, Kemal (1999). “Zamirler.” Türk Gramerinin Sorunları Bildiriler. Ankara: TDK Yay.
  • Halliday, M. A. K. and Ruqaiya Hasan (1976). Cohesion in English. London: Longman.
  • Hardt, Daniel (1993). Verb Phrase Ellipsis: Form, Meaning and Processing. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Pensylvania.
  • Haspelmath, Martin (2005). Indefinite Pronouns. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Johanson, Lars (2004). “Güney Sibirya Türkçesinde Adlar ve Sıfatlar”. bilig 29: 1-27.
  • Johnson, R. K. (1985). “Prototype Theory, Cognitive Linguistics and Pedagogical Grammar”. Working Papers in Linguistics and Language Training (8): 12-24.
  • Karabulut, Ferhat (2009). “Köktürkçenin Sıfat Fiilli Yapı Tipolojisi”. bilig 48: 91-118.
  • Kıran, Ayşe (1987). “Semiyoloji ve Semiyotik”. H. Ü. Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 4 (2): 47-69.
  • Kıran, Zeynel (1996). Dilbilim Akımları. Ankara: Onur Yay.
  • Kocasavaş, Yıldız (2004). Türkçede Şahıs Zamirleri. Ankara: TDK Yay.
  • Kullavanijaya, Pranee (2005). Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Ed. Philipp Strazny. New York, Oxon: Fitzroy Dearborn.
  • Martinich, A. P. (1990). The Philosophy of Language. Ed. A. P. Martinich. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Matthews, P. H. (1997). Concise Dictionary of Linguistics. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Ouhalla, Jamal (2004). Functional Categories and Parametric Variation. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Özmen, Mehmet (2010). Türk Dili Üzerine Makaleler. Ankara: Akçağ Yay.
  • Radford, Andrew (1997). Syntactic Theory and the Structure of English: A Minimalist Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Richards, Jack C. and Richard Schmidt (2002). Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics. London and New York: Longman.
  • Toklu, Osman (2003). Dilbilime Giriş. Ankara: Akçağ Yay.
  • Trask, R. L. (1996). A Dictionary of Grammatical Terms in Linguistics. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Wiseman, Boris (2007). Lévi-Strauss, Anthropology and Aesthetics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://www.etymonline.com/ [Erişim tarihi: 22.06.2010].
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA27RP56JB
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Kerim Demirci This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Issue: 68

Cite

APA Demirci, K. (2014). Pro-forms: Are Pronouns Alone in the Function of Representation?. Bilig(68), 97-116.
AMA Demirci K. Pro-forms: Are Pronouns Alone in the Function of Representation?. Bilig. June 2014;(68):97-116.
Chicago Demirci, Kerim. “Pro-Forms: Are Pronouns Alone in the Function of Representation?”. Bilig, no. 68 (June 2014): 97-116.
EndNote Demirci K (June 1, 2014) Pro-forms: Are Pronouns Alone in the Function of Representation?. Bilig 68 97–116.
IEEE K. Demirci, “Pro-forms: Are Pronouns Alone in the Function of Representation?”, Bilig, no. 68, pp. 97–116, June 2014.
ISNAD Demirci, Kerim. “Pro-Forms: Are Pronouns Alone in the Function of Representation?”. Bilig 68 (June 2014), 97-116.
JAMA Demirci K. Pro-forms: Are Pronouns Alone in the Function of Representation?. Bilig. 2014;:97–116.
MLA Demirci, Kerim. “Pro-Forms: Are Pronouns Alone in the Function of Representation?”. Bilig, no. 68, 2014, pp. 97-116.
Vancouver Demirci K. Pro-forms: Are Pronouns Alone in the Function of Representation?. Bilig. 2014(68):97-116.

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