Changes in Crop and Irrigation Water Requirements in Niğde

An Erratum to this article was published on December 29, 2025. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/bilmes/article/1851679

Abstract

In this study, changes in crop and irrigation water requirements in Niğde were investigated. Potato, sugar beet and maize are selected for this purpose. These crops are the most grown crops in Niğde and also Niğde provides important portion of potato production of Turkey. Firstly, crop and irrigation water requirements in Niğde were calculated by using CROPWAT based on FAO Penman Monteith method. For this purpose, monthly average temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, sunshine duration and precipitation values of Niğde meteorological station between 1980 and 2017 were used. Then, Mann Kendall Rank Correlation tests were applied. A statistically significant increasing trend at 90% confidence level was determined for crop water requirement of sugar beet. Also, increasing trends were found for both crop and irrigation water requirements. Results of this study refer to climate change and show that the groundwater level in Niğde, where groundwater is used for irrigation, will drop more and more day by day and the sinkhole risk is increasing. Therefore, taking the necessary precautions as soon as possible is extremely important.

Keywords

• Crop and irrigation water requirement
• FAO Penman Monteith method
• CROPWAT
• Mann Kendall Rank Correlation Test
• trend
• Niğde

References

1. [1] Taşova, M , Ergüneş, G . (2018). Determination of Biomass Potential and Energy Values of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Wastes: Case of Tokat Province. International Scientific and Vocational Studies Journal , 2 (2) , 67-72.
2. [2] Islam, M.R., Mizan, M.H., Akter, M., Zakaria, G. (2017). Assesment of Crop and Irrigation Water Requirements for Some Selected Crops in Northwestern Bangladesh. Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, 17(3), 15-22.
3. [3] Devlet Su İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü. (01 Mayıs 2020). 2019 Faaliyet Raporu. Erişim adresi http://www.dsi.gov.tr/docs/stratejik-plan/dsi-2019-faaliyet-raporu.pdf?sfvrsn=2.
4. [4] Khavse, R., Singh, R., Manikandan, N., Chandrawanshi, S.K., Chaudhary J.L. (2014). Crop water requirement and irrigation water requirement of mustard crop at selected locations of Chhattisgarh State, Indi. Eco. Env. & Cons., 20, S209-S211.
5. [5] Gürgülü, H., Ul, M.A. (2017). İzmir’de Yetiştirilen Bazı Bitkiler İçin Bitki Su Tüketimi Değerleri ve Sulama Programları. Ege Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 54(3), 311-317.
6. [6] Saplıoğlu, K., Kilit, M., Yavuz, B.K. (2014). Trend Analysis of Streams in The Western Mediterranean Basin of Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 23(1a), 313-324.
7. [7] Fathian, F., Dehghan, Z., Eslamian, S. (2014). Analysis of water level changes in Lake Urmia based on data characteristics and non-parametric test. Int. J. Hydrology Science and Technology, 4(1), 18-38.
8. [8] Han Q., Zhang S., Huang G., Zhang R. (2016). Analysis of Long-Term Water Level Variation in Dongting Lake, China. Water, 8(306), 1-21. doi:10.3390/w8070306.

9. [9] Zeru1, G., Alamirew, T., Shishaye, H.A, Olmana, M., Tadesse, N., Reading, M.J. (2020). Groundwater level trend analysis using the statistical auto-regressive HARTT method. Hydrological Research Letters, 14(1), 17–22.
10. [10] Supit, I., van Diepenb, C.A., Boogaardb, H.L., Ludwiga, F., Baruthc, B. (2010). Trend analysis of the water requirements, consumption and deficit of field crops in Europe. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 150, 77–88.
11. [11] Paltineanu, C., Chitu, E., Mateescu, E. (2011). Changes in crop evapotranspiration and irrigation water requirements. Int. Agrophys., 25, 369-373.
12. [12] Liu, X., Hana, Z., Haoa, K., Wangb, X., Yanga, Q. (2015). Water Consumption Characteristics of Sugarcane in Dry-Hot Region under Climate Change. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 46, 1411-1416.
13. [13] Lokhande, J.N., Kale, M.U., Wadatkar, S.B. (2017). Trend of crop water requirement at Akola (Maharashtra), India. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 9(1), 441 – 444.
14. [14] Rajendran, M., Gunawardena1, E.R.N., Dayawansa1, N.D.K. (2017) Impacts of Climate Change on Irrigation Water Demand of Paddy: A Case Study from Hakwatuna Oya Irrigation Scheme in Sri Lanka. Tropical Agricultural Research, 28(4), 375 – 388.
15. [15] Wang, F., Chen, Y., Li, Z., Fang, G., Li, Y., Xia, Z. (2019). Assessment of the Irrigation Water Requirement and Water Supply Risk in the Tarim River Basin, Northwest China. Sustainability, 11(4941), 1-16. doi:10.3390/su11184941.
16. [16] Allen, R. G., Pereira, L. S., Raes, D., Smith, M. (1998). Crop evapotranspiration, Irrig. Drainage Paper No 56, Rome.
17. [17] Sneyers, R., (1990). On the Statistical Analysis of Series of Observations. World Meteorological Organization, Technical Note 143, Geneva.
18. [18] T.C. Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü ve T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı Devlet Su İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü. (16 Haziran 2020). Türkiye’de Sulanan Bitkilerin Bitki Su Tüketimi Rehberi. Erişim adresi https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/TAGEM/Belgeler/yayin/Türkiyede%20Sulanan%20Bitkilerin%20Bitki%20Su%20 Tüketimleri.pdf.
19. [19] T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı Su Yönetimi Genel Müdürlüğü Havza Yönetimi Dairesi Başkanlığı (16 Haziran 2020). Seyhan Havzası Sektörel Su Tahsis Planı. Erişim adresi https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/SYGM/Belgeler/Seyhan%20Havzası/Sektörel%20Su%20Tahsis%20Planı.pdf.