Alanya Kalesi duvarlarının vasküler bitki çeşitliliği ve ekolojik etkileri

Abstract

Tarihi yapılar geçmişin yaşayan aynaları olduklarından, onları korumak ve gelecek nesillere aktarmak çok önemlidir. Bu çalışmada 2015-2017 tarihleri arasında Alanya Kalesi duvarları üzerinde yayılış gösteren bitkiler belirlenerek, bu bitkilerin tarihi yapılara verdikleri zararlar ve bu zararları önlemek için alınması gereken tedbirler üzerinde durulmuştur. Alanya Kalesi duvarlarında 35 familyaya ait 5 eğrelti, bir açık tohumlu ve 88 kapalı tohumlu olmak üzere toplam 94 bitki taksonu belirlenmiştir. Conyza canadensis, Inula heterolepis, Phagnalon graecum, Arabis verna, Mercurialis annua, Fumaria parviflora, Cymbalaria microcalyx, Galium canum subsp. antalyense, Parietaria judaica, Hyoscyamus aureus, Poa bulbosa Alanya Kalesi duvarlarının dominant bitki türlerdir. Bu bitkilerin kale duvarları üzerine taşınım yolları ve bitkilerle mücadele yöntemleri detaylı şekilde tartışılmıştır. Tarihi yapılarda doğal olarak yetişen ve bu yapılara zarar veren bitkilerle mücadelede en etkili yöntemin mekanik mücadele olduğu anlaşılmıştır.

Keywords

• Alanya
• biyoçeşitlilik
• duvar florası
• kentsel ekosistemler
• mekanik mücadele

Vascular plant diversity of the Alanya Castle walls and their ecological effects

Abstract

Since historical buildings are living mirrors of the past, it is very important to preserve and transfer them to future generations. In this study, plants growing on the walls of Alanya Castle were identified and the damages that these plants gave to the historical construction and the precautions to be taken to prevent these damages were emphasized. A total of 94 plant taxa, including five pteridophytes, one gymnosperm and 88 angiosperms, belonging to 35 families were identified on the walls of Alanya Castle. Conyza canadensis, Inula heterolepis, Phagnalon graecum, Arabis verna, Mercurialis annua, Fumaria parviflora, Cymbalaria microcalyx, Galium canum subsp. antalyense, Parietaria judaica, Hyoscyamus aureus, Poa bulbosa were the dominant plant species of Alanya Castle walls. Possible seed dispersion of these plants on the castle walls and the methods for controlling them are discussed in detail. We conclude that the most effective method of combating plants that grow naturally on historical buildings and give damage to these buildings is mechanical excavation.

Keywords

• Alanya
• biodiversity
• mechanical excavation
• urban ecosystems
• wall flora

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