Genetic variability, heritability and correlation analysis among morphological and yield traits in wheat advanced lines.

Abstract

The present research was carried out with the objectives to estimate genetic variability, heritability and correlation studies in bread wheat ‘ Triticum aestivum L. ’ Sixty three wheat advanced lines along with a check cultivar Pirsabak-13 were grown in simple partially balanced square lattice 8 8 design with two replication during 2015-16 at Cereal Crops Research Institute CCRI , Pirsabak Nowshera, Pakistan. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for majority of traits. Mean days to 50% heading ranged from 115.0 to 130.5, days to 90% maturity ranged from 166.0 to 174.5, plant height ranged from 91.0 to 125.5 cm, spike length ranged from 9.2 to 13.1 cm, number of spikelets spike-1 ranged from 17.0 to 24.0, number of grains spike-1 ranged from 50.5 to 70.0, 1000-grain weight ranged from 32.0 to 48.3 g and grain yield ranged from 2516.5 to 5155.0 kg ha-1. Genetic variances were greater than environmental variances for all the traits except spike length. Regarding genotypic GCV and phenotypic coefficients of variation PCV , values ranged from 1.60 to 15.74% and 1.74 to 19.91% for tested traits. Minimum values of GCV and PCV were recorded for days to 90% maturity however; it was high for grain yield. Magnitude of broad-sense heritability was low 0.26 for spike length to high 0.89 for days 50% heading . Rest of the traits also showed high broad-sense heritability. In case of genetic advance, the highest genetic advance was recorded in grain yield 673.96 kg ha-1 followed by plant height 10.89 cm , days to 50% heading 7.43 , 1000-grain weight 6.01 g , grain spike-1 5.19 , days to 90% maturity 3.49 , number of spikelets spike-1 1.74 and spike length 0.51cm .Days to heading exhibited highly significant negative inter-relationship with yield contributing traits i.e. 1000-grain weight and grain yield. This means that earliness in wheat may have effect on yield as the plant may not have sufficient time to gain proper expression. Grain yield manifested highly significant positive association with 1000-grain weight.Overall, the MPT-51 and MPT-10 advanced lines showed best performance and these lines could be used in future breeding programs to enhance the grain yield in bread wheat genotypes

Keywords

• bread wheat,correlation,genetic advance,genetic variability and heritability

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