Genotypic response on stability for yield and nitrogen use efficiency in triticale X Triticosecale Wittmack under different nitrogen regimes

Abstract

Nitrogen N has major roles in plant physiology thus in crop yield and quality. Use of N efficiently in diverse environments has an importance for both economic and environmental friendly agricultural production. This study was carried out to evaluate the biomass and grain yield capacity of triticale X Triticosecale Wittmack genotypes and performance of nitrogen use efficiency NUE traits at different N rates and year, investigate the relative importance of genotypic variance components and heritability of yield and NUE traits, estimate the “genotype × environment” interactions and the stability of these interactions. Eleven triticale genotypes six cultivars Karma, Melez, Mikham, Presto, Samursortu, Tatlicak, and five lines TVD-3, TVD-4, KTVD-9, TVD-17, TVD-25 were grown with three N rates 40, 80 and 160 kg N ha-1 in two subsequent growing seasons. The experimental design was a split-plot design with four replicates. The calculated NUE indexes were agronomic efficiency, physiological efficiency, agrophysiological efficiency, apparent recovery efficiency and utilization efficiency for the triticale genotypes used in the experiment. It has been determined that eleven triticale genotypes differed for stability for biomass and yield, protein content and N efficiency traits examined under different environmental conditions. TVD-3, TVD-4 and TVD-17 genotypes were considered the best in terms of adaptation to all environments for NUE traits. Samursortu and TVD-25 were found to be the most stable for biomass and grain yield while any genotype was not found to be stable for protein content

Keywords

• grain,genotype x environment,protein,biomass,N utilization

Farklı azot rejimlerinde tritikalenin X Triticosecale Wittmack verim ve azot kullanım etkinliğinin stabilitesine genotipik yanıt

Abstract

Azot N , bitki fizyolojisi, ürün verimi ve kalitesinde önemli rol oynar. Azotun çeşitli çevrelerde etkin bir şekilde kullanılması, hem ekonomik hem de çevre dostu tarımsal üretim için önemlidir. Bu çalışma, tritikale X Triticosecale Wittmack genotiplerinin farklı N oranları ve yıllarda, biyokütle ve tane verimi kapasitesini aynı zamanda N kullanım etkinliği NUE özelliklerini değerlendirmek, verim ve NUE özelliklerinin genotipik varyans bileşenleri ve kalıtsallığının önemini araştırmak, bu özellikler için "genotip × çevre" etkileşimleri ve bu etkileşimlerin stabilitesini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Onbir triticale genotipi altı çeşit; Karma, Melez, Mikham, Presto, Samursortu, Tatlıcık ve beş hat; TVD-3, TVD-4, KTVD-9, TVD-17, TVD-25 , üç N dozu 40, 80 ve 160 kg N ha-1 ve iki ardışık deneme sezonunda yetiştirilmiştir. Deneysel tasarım, dört tekrarlamalı bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre oluşturulmuştur. Tritikale genotiplerinin NUE indeksleri agronomik etkinlik, fizyolojik etkinlik, agro-fizyolojik etkinlik N değerlendirme etkinliği ve N kullanım hesaplanmıştır. Onbir triticale genotipinin farklı çevresel koşullar altında incelenen biyokütle, tane verimi, protein içeriği ve NUE özellikleri açısından istikrarı bakımından farklı olduğu belirlenmiştir. NUE özellikleri için tüm çevrelerde adaptasyon açısından TVD-3, TVD-4 ve TVD-17 genotipleri en iyi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Biyokütle ve tane verimi açısından Samur sortu ve TVD-25 genotiplerinin stabil oldukları belirlenirken, protein içeriği için hiçbir genotip stabil bulunmamıştır

Keywords

• tane,genotip x çevre,protein,biyokütle,azottan yararlanma

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