Toxicological effects of the entomopathogenic Purpureocillium lilacinus on the model organism, Galleria mellonella

Abstract

The toxicological effects of entomopathogenic fungus Purpureocillium lilacinum Thom Luangsa-ard, Houbraken, Hywel-Jones and Samson on the Galleria mellonella L. Lepidoptera: Pyralidae larvae which have great importance in biological, physiological and biochemical studies as a model insect were investigated. For this purpose, larvae were injected with median lethal concentration LC50 2.82 x 103 conidia/ml suspension. Hemolymph samples were collected after injection at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Total protein analysis and specific enzyme activities of CAT and GST in the hemolymph were analyzed spectrophotometrically. Total protein amount in the hemolymph of the infected larvae decreased at all times when compared with control groups. Furthermore, the activity of GST in the hemolymph of the infected larvae increased at all times compared with untreated larvae, but the activity of CAT was similar with activity of untreated larvae. Consequently, increasing the activity of GST showed that entomopathogen organisms are effective on the antioxidant defense system of insects as a source of free radical. CAT activity in the absence of any change showed inactivation of CAT out of increased superoxide radicals based pathogenicity. Therefore, we suggest that the variance in the activity of CAT and GST in larvae may indicate a physiological adaptability to compensate for pathogen-induced stress

Keywords

• Galleria mellonella,Purpureocillium lilacinus,entomopathogen fungus,catalase,glutathione S-transferase

Entomopatojenik Purpureocillium lilacinus’un model organizma, Galleria mellonella üzerindeki toksikolojik etkileri

Abstract

Biyolojik, fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal araştırmalarda model organizma olarak büyük öneme sahip olan Galleria mellonella L. Lepidoptera: Pyralidae larvaları üzerinde entomopatojenik fungus Purpureocillium lilacinum Thom Luangsa-ard, Houbraken, Hywel-Jones ve Samson’un toksikolojik etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla ortalama letal konsantrasyon LC50 olan 2.82 x 103 spor/ml süspansiyonu kullanılarak son evre larvalara enjeksiyon yapıldı. Enjeksiyondan 24, 48, 72 ve 96 saat sonra larvalardan hemolenf alındı. Hemolenf örneklerinde toplam protein miktarı, katalaz CAT ve glutatyon S-transferaz GST aktiviteleri spektrofotometrik olarak analiz edildi. P. lilacinus ile enfekte olan larvaların toplam protein miktarı tüm saatlerde kontrol grupları ile karşılaştırıldığında azalış göstermektedir. Ayrıca fungal enfeksiyona bağlı olarak GST enzim aktivitesi zamanla artış gösterirken, CAT enzim aktivitesinde herhangi bir değişiklik olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, larval GST aktivitesinde görülen artışın patojenite kaynaklı oksidatif stresin telafi edilebilmesi için fizyolojik bir uyum olabileceğine, CAT aktivitesinde hiçbir değişimin olmaması ise patojenite kaynaklı artan süperoksit radikallerinin enzimin inaktivasyonuna neden olabileceğine işaret etmektedir. Bu nedenle, CAT ve GST aktivitesinde görülen bu değişikliklerin nedeninin patojen kaynaklı strese karşı oluşan fizyolojik onarım mekanizmalarıyla ilişkili olduğunu düşünmekteyiz

Keywords

• Galleria mellonella,Purpureocillium lilacinus,entomopatojen fungus,katalaz,glutatyaon-Stranferaz

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