ISSR variations of four populations of Glycyrrhiza glabra Fabaceae

Abstract

Information on patterns and structure of populations’ genetics in plants are useful in understanding breeding systems, population dynamics and designing conservation programs. Glycyrrhiza glabra L. liquorice, Fabaceae is a perennial plant and has high commercial uses for medicinal, flavouring and sweeting purposes. However, there is little information on the genetic structure of liquorice. In the current study the levels of genetic variations were investigated in four eco-geographically different populations of liquorice using Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ISSRs by randomly sampling 10 individual plants from each of population in East-Azerbaijan Province, Iran. The population genetic variation were measured based on Nei's and Shannon's information indices using Popgen, and the genetic similarity among the populations was studied by the clustering analysis of Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetical Averages UPGMA . Total genetic variation was partitioned into within and among the populations using analysis of molecular variance AMOVA by Arlequin. A total of 139 polymorphic reproducible ISSRs loci were obtained. The percentage of polymorphic ISSRs loci ranged from 35.97% to 61.15%. Consequently, the range of within-population Nei's diversity varied from 0.172 to 0.301. Partitioning of total ISSRs variation by AMOVA showed that total genetic variation was equally partitioned to within-population and among-populations, indicating that the species has intermediate breeding systems by carrying out equally self- and outcrossing. Nei’s based UPGMA dendrogram showed no ecological correlation among the populations. Moreover, the genetic similarity among populations was not correlated with the geographical distances Spearman rho correlation, N=6, P > 0.787 , while as expected, the populations size affected significantly on population genetic variation Spearman, N=4, P < 0.05 . This study emphasizes the application of conservation program in the study sites in order to prevent the potential risk of the species extinction

Keywords

• conservation programs,genetic diversity,Glycyrrhiza glabra,ISSRs,population size

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