Investigation of cytotoxic effects of pyridine in root meristem cells of onion Allium cepa

Year 2011, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 92 - 98, 15.08.2011

Hülya Sivas Sevim Gökbayrak

Abstract

Pyridine as a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic substance and its derivatives exist in both surface and ground water because of its use in a variety of food, medicinal and chemical industrial products. In the present work, cytotoxic effect of pyridine has been investigated for the first time in a plant, on root-tip growth and the meristem cells of onion Allium cepa L. . Different concentrations of pyridine significantly affected the growth and morphology of onion roots causing shorter, thicker and gelatin like structures compared to the control. An increase in the pyridine doses caused an increase in mitosis abnormalities in the squashes prepared from the cells of root-tip meristem whereas the mitotic index was diminished. Mitosis abnormalities have been observed generally as anaphase bridges, stickiness, anaphasetelophase aberrations and c-metaphase. As a result, pyridine at low doses has been significantly cytotoxic on the meristem cells of onion root-tip. Thus, we suggest that toxic effects of pyridine may be investigated and the mechanisms may be evaluated in different systems for human health

Keywords

Pyridine , Cytotoxic Effect , Allium cepa , Onion

Piridinin sitotoksik etkilerinin soğan Allium cepa kök meristem hücrelerinde araştırılması

Abstract

Azot-içeren heterosiklik bir madde olan piridin ve türevleri besin, tıbbi olarak ya da kimya sanayi gibi endüstriyel aktiviteler sonucu oluşmakta ve hem yüzey hem de yer altı sularında yaygın olarak bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, piridinin soğan Allium cepa L. köklenmesi ve kök-ucu meristem hücreleri üzerindeki genotoksik etkisi ilk kez araştırılmıştır. Farklı dozlardaki piridin soğan köklerinin büyümesini ve morfolojisini doza bağlı olarak önemli derecede etkilemiş, kontrole göre daha kısa, kalın ve jelimsi yapılar olarak gelişmesine neden olmuştur. Kök ucu meristem hücrelerinden hazırlanan ezme-preparatlarda, piridin dozlarındaki artış mitotik indeksin düşmesine neden olurken, mitoz anomalilerinde artışa neden olduğu gözlenmiştir. Mitoz anomalileri genellikle anafaz köprüsü, yapışkanlık, bozulmuş anafaz-telofaz ve c-metafaz oluşması şeklinde gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, düşük dozlardaki piridin soğan kök-ucu meristem hücreleri üzerinde önemli derecede sitotoksik olmuştur. Bundan dolayı, insanların sıklıkla maruz kaldığı piridinin toksik etkisi farklı sistemlerde de araştırılmalı ve etki mekanizması aydınlatılmalıdır

Keywords

Piridin , Sitotoksik Etki , Allium cepa , Soğan

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