RAPD markers and morpho-physiological characterization of some Tunisian Barley ecotypes

Year 2010, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 1 - 11, 15.08.2010

Kadri Karim Abdellawi Rawda Cheikh Mhamed Hatem Ben Naceur M’barek

Abstract

The genetic variation and relationships among 12 local barleys and the varieties Martin, Rihane and Manel were evaluated using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA RAPD markers and morpho-physiological traits. To fulfil this purpose, some ecotypes were collected from different bioclimatic regions and studied at morphophysiological and molecular levels. Our results showed differences among the ecotypes studied based on the morphophysiological criteria such as heading date, density and ear length and response to saline stress. The molecular analysis showed the limits of the morpho-physiological approach. In fact, identical ecotypes were found grown in different parts of the country and the morpho-physiological differences observed could be due to adaptation to environmental conditions and acquired over time. Also, accessions that were grown mixed together in the same area and having similar physiological behaviour were found different using the RAPD markers method. This result showed an important degree of genetic variability, which indicating the Tunisian germplasm richness

Keywords

Barley , Morpho-physiological traits , RAPD markers , Genetic diversity

References

• Badr,A.,Muller K., Schafer-Pregl,R., El Rabey,H., Efegen,S., Ibrahim,H., Pozzi,C., Rohde,W.,lamini,F.,2000. On the origin and domestication history of barley Hordeum vulgare. Molecular Biology Evolution. 17. 499- 510
• Ben Naceur, M.,Rouaïssi,M., 2003. Etude de la diversité génétique chez 6 variétés de blé moyennant des marqueurs AFLP. Annales de l'INRAT (Tunisie). 76. 35 -51.
• Ben Naceur, M., Ben Salem, M., Rahmoune, C., Chorfi,A., El-Jaafari,S., Paul, R., 1998. Etude comparée du comportement de quelques variétés anciennes et quelques variétés nouvelles de blé dur Triticum durwn Desf., sous contrainte hydrique. Ann. de l'INRAT Tunisie.78. 251-277.
• Ben Naceur, M., Rahmoune, C., Sdiri, H., Meddahi, M.L., Selmi, M.,2001. Effet du stress salin sur la germination, la croissance et la production en grains de quelques variétés Maghrébines de blé. Sécheresse.12. 167-174 .
• Benlaghlid, M., Bouattoura,N., Monneveux,P., Borries, C., 1990. Les blés des oasis: Etude de la diversité génétique et de la physiologie de l'adaptation au milieu. Options Méditerranéennes. Série A.11. 171-194 .
• BenNaceur, M., Paul, R., Ben Hamadi, S.,1997. Screening of six barley varieties for drought resistance by using leaf water potential, membrane stability and phosphatasic activity parameters. Medit., 4. 51-54.
• Bettaïeb-Ben Kaab, L., Attias, J., 1992. Electrophoretic heterogeneity of the hordiens of five barley (Hordium vulgare L.) cultivars from Tunisia. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris t 314, Série III. 141-146.
• Bettaïeb-Ben Kaab, L., El Felah, M., Lauriere, M.,2005. Relationships between some hordein components and quality properties in two Tunisian barley varieties as influenced by nitrogen fertilisation. Czeh J. Plant Breed., 41. 11- 16.
• Boeuf, F, 1931. Le blé en Tunisie: La plante, le milieu physico-chimique. Ann. du Service Bota. et Agro., 188 - 200.
• Cheikh- M’hamed, H. 2004. Evaluation de la tolérance de certaines accessions d'orge vis à vis du stress salin. Mastère de l'Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie INAT, Tunisie. 160 -170.
• Chia-szu, W,. Hsiao, J.Y. 1999. Genetic differentiation of Lilium longiflorm Thunb. var. Scabrum Masam (Liliacece) in Taiwan using Randon Amplified polymorphic DNAs and morphological characters. Botanical Bulletion of Academia Sinica., 40. 65-71.
• Crochemore, M.L., Huyghe, C., Écalle, C., Julier, B. 1998. Structuration of alafalfa. genetic diversity using agonimic and morphological chatacteristics. Relationship with RAPD markers. Agronomie., 1. 79- 90.
• Delfine , S., Alvino, A., Zacchini, M., Loreto, F. 1998. Consequences of salt stress on diffusive conductances, Rubisco characteristics and anatomy of spinach leaves. Aust J Plant Physiol. 25. 395-402
• Duarte, J.M., Dos Santos, J.B., Cunh, M.L.1999. Genetic divergence among common bean cultivars from different races based on RAPD markers. Genet. Mol. Biol., 3.. 419- 426.
• El Falah, M., (1998). Evaluation de 423 écotypes d'orge collectés en Tunisie (Centre et Sud). Utilisation en amélioration variétale pour la sélection d'idiotypes adaptés à différentes régions bioclimatiques. Thèse de Doctorat de Biologie. Faculté des Sciences de Tunis., 250-270.
• El Falah, M., Bettaeib-Ben Kaab, L., Chelbi, N. 2004. Tunisian insular Barley landraces: A significant Hordeins drift. 9th International Barley Genetics Symposium Proceeding, Brno, Czech Republic, 20- 26 June. 39-42.
• El-Lklil, Y., Karrou, M., Mrabet, R., Benichou, M. 2002. Effet du stress salin sur la variation de certains métabolites chez Lycopersicon esculentum et Lycopersicon sheesmanii. Can. J. Plant Sci., 82. 177-183.
• Erroux, J., 1958. Note sur les blés des oasis du Sahara algériens. In c Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique du Nord., 49 -56.
• Garcia-Legaz, M.F., Ortiz, J.M., Garcia-Lidon,A., Cerda,A.1993.efect of salinity on growth, ion content and CO, assimilation rate in lemon varieties on different rootstocks. Physiol. Plant., 89. 427-432.
• Gibson, S., Somerville, C., 1993. Isolating plant genes. Tibtech., 11. 306-313.
• Hamza, S., BenHamida, W., Rebat, A., Harrabi, M., 2004. SSR6-based Genetic Diversity Assessment among Tunisian Winter Barley and Relationship with Morphological Traits. Euphytica., 135. 1076 -1079.
• Hou, Y.C., Yaq, Z.H., Wei, Y.M., Zheng,Y.L., 2005.Genetic diversity in barley from west china based on RAPD and ISSR analysis. Barley Genet. Newslett., 35. 9-22.
• Jenderek, M.M., Schierenbeck, K.A., Olney, A.J. 1997. Development of Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers. Characteristic of Hibiscus rosasinensis and H . syriacus. Center for Irrigation Technology. CATI Publication 970902. 1- 8.
• Julier, B., Porcheron, A., Écalle, C. Guy, P.1995. Genetic variability for morphlogy, growth and forage yield among perennial diploid and tetraploid Luceme populations (Medicago sativa L.). Agronomie., 15 , 295/304.
• Kingsbury R.W., Epstein, E., and Pearly, R.W.1983. Physiological responses to salinity in selected unes of wheat. Plant Physiol. 74. 417-423.
• Liang, P.,Pardee,B., 1992. Differential display of eukaryotic messenger RNA by means of the polymerase chain reaction. Science,volume. 257. 967-971.
• Lutts, S., Kinet, J.M., Bouharmont, J. (1995). Changes in Plant Response to NaCI During Development of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties Differing in Salinity Resistance. J. Exp. Bot.46. 1843-1852.
• Marié, S., Bolarié, S.J., Martincic, I.P., Kozumplik, V.2004.Genetic diversity of hexaploid wheat cultivars estimated by RAPD markers, morphological traits and coefficients of parentage. Plant Breeding.4. 366-369.
• Monna, L., Miyao, A., Inoue, T., Fukuoka, S., Yamazaki, M., Zhong,H.S., Sasaki, T., Minobe,Y. 1994. Determination of RAPD Markers in Rice and their conversion into Sequence Tagged Sites (STSs) and ST S-Specific Primers Rice. GenomeResearchProgram, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, 1/2Kannondai 2-chome. Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japanllnstitute of Society for Techno-Innovation of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 446/1Ippaizuka, Kamiyokoba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. DNA Res., 1. 139- 148.
• Mwai, G.N., Onyango J.C., and Onyango, M. 2004. Effect of salinity on growth and leaf yield of spiderplant (Cleome gynandra L.). Afr.J.Food Agric.Nut.Develop., 4, 20 /25. Delfine, S., Alvino, A., Villani, M.C., Loreto, F. 1999. Restrictions to CO2 conductance and photosynthesis in spinach leaves recovering from salt stress. Plant Physiol.119. 1101- 1106.
• Nei, M., Li, W.H., 1979. Mathematical models for studying genetic variation in ternis o f restriction endonucleases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 76. 5269 - 5273.
• Nuel G, Baril, C.P., Robin, S., 2000.Varietal distinctness assisted by molecular markers: a methodological approach. Acta Hort., 546. 520-527
• Pomper, K.W., Azarenko,A.N., Bassil,N., Davis J.W., Ehlenbacher, S.A. 1998. Identification of random amplified polymoiphic DNA (RAPD) markers for selfincompatibility alleles in Corylus avellana L. Theor. Applied Genet. 97. 479- 487.
• Roldân-Ruiz, I., Van Eeuwijk, F.A., Gilliland, T.J., Dubreuil, P., Dillmann, C., Lallemand, J., De Loose, M., and Baril, C.P. 2001. A comparative study of molecular and morphological methods of describing relationships between perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) varieties Theor. Appl. Genet.103. 1138-1150.
• Sneath, P.H.A., Soka1, R.R., 1973. Numerical Taxonomy. Freeman, San Francisco. 190-201.
• Snoussi, H., Ben Slimane, H., Ruiz-Garcia, L., Martinez-Zapater, J.M., Arroyo-Garcia, R., 2004. Genetic relationship among cultivated and wild grapevine accessions from Tunisia. Genome.47. 1211-1219.
• Spooner, D.M., McLean, K . , Ramsay, G., Waugh, A., and Bryan, G.J. 2005. A single domestication for potato based on multilocus amplified fragment length polymorphism genotyping. PNAS.41. 14694 - 4699.
• Sultana, N., Armstrong
• J.A., Peter, G.W. 1999.Benzopyran derivatives from the aerial parts of Eriostemon
• rhomboideus .Phytochemistry., 52 /5, 895- 900.
• Touraine, B., Ammar, M., 1985. Etude comparée de la sensibilité aux sels d'un triticale et d'une orge. Agronomie., 5. 391- 11 395.
• Wang, Z., Li, P., Fredricksen, M. Z., Gong, C.S., Kim, C., Zhang, H.J., Bohnert, J.K., Bressan, R.A., and Hasegawa, P.M. 2004. Expressed sequence tags from Thellungiella halophila, a new model to study plant salt- tolerance. Plant Sci. 3. 61- 71.
• Webb, D.M., Knapp,S.J., 1990. DNA extraction from a previously recalcitrant plant genus. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep., 8. 18- 185.
• Yong-Cui, H., Ze-Hong Y., Yu-Ming, W., You-Liang, Zh.2005. Genetic diversity in barley from west China based on RAPD and ISSR analysis. Barley Genetics Newsletter., 35. 9 -22.