The study of salt tolerance of Iranian barley Hordeum vulgare L. genotypes in seedling growth stages

Abstract

This study was carried out in factorial experiment design on the basis of completely randomized design in 3 replications. Salinity treatments involved in 5 levels: S0=control, S1=37/5, S2=75, S3=150, S4=225 mmol/l from calcium chloride and sodium chloride with 2:1 ratio Ca:Na and other factors were 4 barley genotypes. The effects of salinity treatments were studied by sampling on dry weight of shoot, dry weight of roots, shoot length, leaf area and fresh weight of root and shoot. There were significant differences among genotype×stress interaction for all characters. The results showed that leaf area, dry weight of shoot, dry weight of root, shoot length, fresh weight of steam and fresh weight of root decreased in all barley varieties with increasing in salt level. However SINA and GORGAN 4 varieties in all levels of salinity have the highest tolerance at all salinity levels and ZAR and TORSH were the lowest tolerance

Keywords

• Barley, Salinity Tolerance, Seedling Growth, Hordeum vulgare.

References

1. Ahmad A.N., Intshar U.H.J, Shamshad A et al. 2003. Effects of Na, SO4 and NaCl salinity levels on different yield parameters of barley genotypes. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. 5: 2, 157-159.
2. Ashraf M.Y, Khan M.A, and Ahsan S.A. 1990. Effect of salinity (NaCl) and polyethyleneglycol (PEG) on germination, seedling growth and water uptake of sorghum. Pak. J. Agric., Agril. Engg., Vet. Sci. 6: 33-36
3. Ashraf, M and Mcneilly T. 1992. The potential for exploiting variations in salt tolerance in pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke), Plant Breeding. 108: 234-240,.
4. Ashraf, M. and Haris P.J.C. 2004. Potential biochemical indicators of discrimination in salinity tolerance in plants. Plant Science. 166: 3-16.
5. Aslam, M.P, Qureshi, R.H, and Ahmed, N. 1993. A rapid screening technique for salt tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Plant and soil. 150 : 99-107.
6. Babu, S., Sheeba, A., Yogameenakshi, P. et al. 2007. Effect of salt stress in the selection of salt tolerance hybrids in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under in-vitro and in-vivo conditions. Asian J. of Plant Sciences: 6 (1): 137-142.
7. Bishnoi, N.R., Siddiqui, S., Kumar, S. 1987.Effect of salinity, salinization and desalinization on the various aspects of dry matter production at vegetative stage in pea and gram. Frontier Botany, 1: 1-11.
8. Colmer, T.D, Flowers, T.J., and Munns, R. 2006. Use of wild relatives to improve salt tolerance in wheat. Journal of Experimental Botany. 57: 1059-1078.

9. Dua, R.P. 1998. Salinity tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietimum L.) . Indian. J. Pl. Physiol. 3:102-106.
10. Hoagland, D.R. and Arnon, D.I. 1938. The water–culture method for growing plants without soil Colif. Agr. Expt.Sta. Cir. 347. Berkeley, Calif.
11. Jeschenke, W.D. 1984. K+-Na+ exchange at cellular membranes, intracellular compartmentation of cations, and salt tolerance. In: Salinity Tolerance in Plants, Strategies for Crop Improvement (Eds: R. C. Staples and G. H. Teonniessen). A. Wiley - Interscience Publication. John Wiley and Sons. Toronto. Singapore. PP: 37-66.
12. Khan, M.Y. and Naqvi, S.S.M. 1993. Influence of salinity on protein, RNA and alpha amino nitrogen of wheat seedling. In: Current development in salinity and drought tolerance of plants. Naqvi, S. S. M., M. R. Ansari, T. J. Flower and A. R. Azmi: editors, PP: 89-93
13. Kingsburg, R.W. and Epstein, E. 1984.Selection for salt tolerant spring wheat. Crop Science. 24: 310-315.
14. Larik, A.S. and Al-saheal, Y.A. 1986. Effect of salt stress on germination and seedling growth of wheat , triticale and barley. J. Collage of Sci. 17 : 37-44
15. Mass, E.V., Hoffman, GJ. 1977. Crop salt tolerance current assessment. ASCEJ. Irri. Drainage Div. 103: 115- 135.
16. Naseer, S., Nisar, A. and Ashraf, M. 2007. Effect of salt stress on germination and seedling growth of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 4 (3); 359-360.
17. Richards, L.A. 1954. Origin and nature of saline and alkali soils. In: Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. Agricultural Handbook No: 60. USDA, Washington, D.C., USA. PP: 1-6..
18. Singh, R.A.N.K., Hoque, M.S. 2007. Changes in growth and metabolic activity in seedling of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) genotypes during salt stress. Indian J. Pl. Physiol., 6: 406-410.
19. Waisel, Y. 1972. Biology of halophytes. Academic press Inc., New York. PP:395.