Eskişehir Ekolojik Koşullarında Farklı Sıra Aralıklarının Anason (Pimpinella anisum) Verimi ve Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi

Year 2020, , 314 - 321, 15.12.2020

Nimet Katar , Duran Katar

https://doi.org/10.46309/biodicon.2020.769561

Cited By: 4

Abstract

Farklı sıra aralıklarının Pimpinella anisum L.'nin verim, verim komponentleri ve kalite özellikleri üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek için arazi çalışmaları, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi'nde 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Tarla denemelerinde kullanılan sıra aralıkları 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 ve 60 cm’dir. Bu çalışmada, farklı sıra aralıklarının anasonun bitki boyu (cm), bitki başına şemsiyeli dal sayısı, 1000 tohum ağırlığı (g), tohum verimi (t ha-1), uçucu yağ oranı (%), uçucu yağ verimi (l ha-1) ve uçucu yağ kompozisyonu belirlenmiştir. Genel olarak, artan sıra aralıkları bitki başına şemsiyeli dal sayısını artırırken, bitki boyunu azaltmıştır. En yüksek tohum ve uçucu yağ verimleri 30 cm ve 20 cm sıra aralıklarından sırasıyla 0.79 t ha-1 ve 21.08 1 ha-1 olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen uçucu yağ oranları % 2.37 ile % 3.06 arasında değişmekte olup, uçucu yağ oranlarının Avrupa farmakopesinde belirtilen % 2 sınırının üzerinde olduğu görülmüştür. Anason uçucu yağ örneklerinde 17 farklı komponent tespit edilmiş olup, ana komponentler cuminaldehit (% 33.745-37.098), p-cymene (% 14.643-16.865), γ-terpinen-7-al (% 10.590-13.407), γ-terpinen (% 9.587-11.986) ve β-pinen (% 8.606-10.461)’dir. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde, Eskişehir Ekolojik koşulları altında anason yetiştiriciliği için en uygun sıra aralığının 30 cm olduğu gözlenmiştir.

Keywords

Anason (Pimpinella anisum L.), uçucu yağ kompozisyonu, kalite, sıra arası mesafe, verim

Effect of Different Row Spaces on Yield and Quality of Anise (Pimpinella anisum) under Eskisehir Ecological Conditions

Abstract

To determine the effect of different row spaces on the yield, yield component and quality characteristics of Pimpinella anisum L., the field experiments were carried out in University of Eskisehir Osmangazi, Agricultural Faculty using randomized complete block design with three replications in 2017 and 2018. The row spaces used in the field experiments were 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 cm. The effect of different row spaces on plant height (cm), number of branches with umbels per plant, 1000 seed weight (g), seed yield (t ha-1), essential oil content, (%) essential oil yield (l ha-1) and essential oil composition of anise was determined in this study. Overall, increasing row spaces reduced the plant height while increasing number of branches with umbels per plant. The highest seed and essential oil yields were determined in 30 cm and 20 cm row spaces as 0.79 t ha-1 and 21.08 l ha-1, respectively. Essential oil contents obtained from the experiment varied between 2.37% and 3.06%, and it was observed that essential oil rates are above the 2% limit stated in the European pharmacopoeia. The anise essential oil samples were characterized by the occurrence of 17 various components, of which cuminaldehyde (33.745-37.098%), p-cymene (14.643-16.865%), γ-terpinene-7-al (10.590-13.407%), γ-terpinene (9.587-11.986%) and β-pinene (8.606-10.461%) were the main components. When the results obtained from the experiment were evaluated, it was observed that the most appropriate row spacing for anise cultivation under Eskisehir Ecological condition was 30 cm.

Keywords

Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), essential oil composition, quality, row spacing, yield

References

• [1] Albulushi, S.M.A., Al Saidi, H., Amaresh, N. and Mullaicharam, A.R. (2014). Study of physicochemical properties, antibacterial and gc-ms analysis of essential oil of the Aniseed (Pimpinella anisum Linn.) in Oman. Research and Revıews: Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2(4), 24-33.
• [2] Karac, T. and Efe, L. (2017). Pharmacological properties of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) plant and its use for therapeutic purposes. 12. Field Crops Congress, Proceeding Electronic Book, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. pp: 354, poster. (in Turkish)
• [3] Salim, E.A., Yagi S. and Elyass H.M.M. (2016). Histology, phytochemistry and bacterial activity of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) seed and essential oil. J. Bacteriol Mycol Open Access, 3(4), doi:10.15406/jbmoa.2016.03.
• [4] Hassan, O.M. and Elhassan, I.A. (2017). Characterization of essential oils from fruits of Umbelliferous crop cultivated in Sudan I. Pimpinella anisum L (Anise) and Anethum graveolens L. (Dill). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 6(1), 109-112.
• [5] Shojaii, A. and Fard, M.A. (2012). Review of pharmacological properties and chemical constituents of Pimpinella anisum. International Scholarly Research Network ISRN Pharmaceutics ID 510795 p:1-8. doi:10.5402/2012/510795.
• [6] Khalid, A.K. (2015). Quality and quantity of Pimpinella anisum L. essential oil treated with macro and micronutrients under desert conditions. International Food Research Journal, 22(6), 2396-2402.
• [7] Dutta, S., Munda, S., Devi, N. and Lal, M. (2018). Compositional variability in leaves and inflorescence essential oils of Cymbopogon khasianus (Hack.) stapf ex bor collected from meghalaya: A Biodiversity hotspot. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 21(3), 640-657. doi: 10.1080/0972060X.2018.1486233.
• [8] Benbelaid, F., Abdouna, M.A., Khadir, A. and Bendahou, M. (2013). Drying effect on yield and antimicrobial activity of essential oils. Int. J. Med. Arom. Plants, 3(1), 93-101.
• [9] Nurzyńska-Wierdak, R, Bogucka-Kocka, A. and Szymczak, G. (2014). Volatile constituents of Melissa officinalis L. leaves depending on plant age. Nat. Prod. Comm., 9(5), 703-706. [10] Aćimović, M.G., Dolijanović, Ž.K., Oljača, S.I., Kovačević, D.D. and Oljača, M.V. (2015). Effect of organic and mineral fertilizers on essential oil content in caraway, anise and coriander fruits. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 14(1), 95-103.
• [11] Arslan, N., Gurbuz, B. and Gumuscu, A. (1999). A Research On Yield And Yield Components Of Different Originated Anise ( Pimpinella anisum L.). Journal of Field Crops Central Research Institute, 8, 1-2. (in Turkish)
• [12] Stainier, C. (1975). Role and functions of the European Pharmacopoeia. Ann Ist Super Sanita, 11(3-4), 211-219.
• [13] Baloch, M.S., Shah, I.T.H., Nadim, M.A., Khan, M.I. and Khakwani, A.A. (2010). Effect of seeding density and planting time on growth and yield attributes of wheat. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 20(4), 239-240.
• [14] Kara, N., Katar, D. and Baydar, H. (2015). Yield and quality of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) populations: The effect of ecological conditions, Turk J. Field Crops, 20(1), 9-14. doi: 10.17557/.23190.
• [15] Bieńkowski, T., Żuk-Gołaszewska, K., Kurowski, T. and Gołaszewski, J. (2016). Agrotechnical indicators for Trigonella foenum-Gracum L. production in the environmental conditions of Northeastern Europe. Turk J. Field Crops, 21(1), 16-28. doi: 10.17557/tjfc.37573.
• [16] Katar, N., Katar, D., Temel, R., Karakurt, S., Bolatkıran, İ., Yıldız, E. and Soltanbeigi, A. (2019). The effect of different harvest dates on the yield and quality properties of rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis L. plant. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 12(3), 7-13. doi: 10.5505/biodicon.2019.29292.
• [17] Goksoy, A.T., Sincik, M., Erdogmus, M., Ergin, M., Aytac, S., Gumuscu, G., Gunduz, O., Keles, R., Bayram, G. and Senyigit, E. (2019). The parametric and non-parametric stability analyses for ınterpreting genotype by environment interaction of some soybean genotypes. Turk J. Field Crops, 24(1), 28-38. doi:10.17 557/tjfc.562637.
• [18] Sonmez, C. (2019). Effect of different harvest times on some yield and essential oil characteristics in Origanum onites L. Turk J. Field Crops, 24(1), 106-110. doi: 10.17557/tjfc.571844.
• [19] Kevseroglu, K. (2014). Plant Ecology Textbook. Samsun, Turkey. Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Agriculture Publications Samsun. (in Turkish).
• [20] Antal, T., Kerekes, B. and Sikoly, L. (2012). Effect of vacum freeze-dryıng on qualıty of lemon balm leaves (Melissa officinalis L.). Analele Universităţii din Oradea, Fascicula Protecţia Mediului, 19, 1-10.
• [21] Aydın, D. and Katar, D. (2016). Effects of Different Row Spacings on The Yield and Quality in Different Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Cultivars. III. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Symposium, Antalya, Turkey. S: 66-74. (In Turkish)
• [22] Turhan, H. 2006. Lemon balm (Chapter 23, p:390-399). in K.V. Peter (ed.) Handbook of herbs and spices. Volume 3. Woodhead Publishing ISBN-10: 1-84569-171-7 (e-book). Woodhead Publishing Limited Cambridge, England.
• [23] El Rasheed, A.S., Abu-Bakr, A.A.G., Hassan, E.K. and Gaffar, M.E. (2016). Evaporation of Spearmint (Mentha spicata var. viridis L.) herb oil during one year of storage under semi-arid condition. Agri Res & Tech: Open Access Journal, 2(4), 555-594. doi: 10.19080/ARTOAJ.2016.02.555594.
• [24] Shahhoseini, R, Azizi, M., Asili, J., Moshtaghi, N. and Samiei, L. (2019). Comprehensive assessment of phytochemical potential of Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, essential oil and parthenolide. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 22(3), 614-629. doi:10.1080/0972060X.2019.1 632228.
• [25] Hasimi, N., Tolan, V., Kizil, S. and Kilinc, E. (2014). Determination of Essential Oil Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties of Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) and Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) Seeds. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 20, 19-26. (in Turkish)
• [26] Kara, N. (2015). Yield, quality, and growing degree days of Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) under different agronomic practices. Turk J. Agric. For., 39, doi:10.3906/tar-1411-143.