Eskişehir Ekolojik Koşullarında Farklı Sıra Aralıklarının Anason (Pimpinella anisum) Verimi ve Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Farklı sıra aralıklarının Pimpinella anisum L.'nin verim, verim komponentleri ve kalite özellikleri üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek için arazi çalışmaları, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi'nde 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Tarla denemelerinde kullanılan sıra aralıkları 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 ve 60 cm’dir. Bu çalışmada, farklı sıra aralıklarının anasonun bitki boyu (cm), bitki başına şemsiyeli dal sayısı, 1000 tohum ağırlığı (g), tohum verimi (t ha-1), uçucu yağ oranı (%), uçucu yağ verimi (l ha-1) ve uçucu yağ kompozisyonu belirlenmiştir. Genel olarak, artan sıra aralıkları bitki başına şemsiyeli dal sayısını artırırken, bitki boyunu azaltmıştır. En yüksek tohum ve uçucu yağ verimleri 30 cm ve 20 cm sıra aralıklarından sırasıyla 0.79 t ha-1 ve 21.08 1 ha-1 olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen uçucu yağ oranları % 2.37 ile % 3.06 arasında değişmekte olup, uçucu yağ oranlarının Avrupa farmakopesinde belirtilen % 2 sınırının üzerinde olduğu görülmüştür. Anason uçucu yağ örneklerinde 17 farklı komponent tespit edilmiş olup, ana komponentler cuminaldehit (% 33.745-37.098), p-cymene (% 14.643-16.865), γ-terpinen-7-al (% 10.590-13.407), γ-terpinen (% 9.587-11.986) ve β-pinen (% 8.606-10.461)’dir. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde, Eskişehir Ekolojik koşulları altında anason yetiştiriciliği için en uygun sıra aralığının 30 cm olduğu gözlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Anason (Pimpinella anisum L.)
• uçucu yağ kompozisyonu
• kalite
• sıra arası mesafe
• verim

Effect of Different Row Spaces on Yield and Quality of Anise (Pimpinella anisum) under Eskisehir Ecological Conditions

Abstract

To determine the effect of different row spaces on the yield, yield component and quality characteristics of Pimpinella anisum L., the field experiments were carried out in University of Eskisehir Osmangazi, Agricultural Faculty using randomized complete block design with three replications in 2017 and 2018. The row spaces used in the field experiments were 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 cm. The effect of different row spaces on plant height (cm), number of branches with umbels per plant, 1000 seed weight (g), seed yield (t ha-1), essential oil content, (%) essential oil yield (l ha-1) and essential oil composition of anise was determined in this study. Overall, increasing row spaces reduced the plant height while increasing number of branches with umbels per plant. The highest seed and essential oil yields were determined in 30 cm and 20 cm row spaces as 0.79 t ha-1 and 21.08 l ha-1, respectively. Essential oil contents obtained from the experiment varied between 2.37% and 3.06%, and it was observed that essential oil rates are above the 2% limit stated in the European pharmacopoeia. The anise essential oil samples were characterized by the occurrence of 17 various components, of which cuminaldehyde (33.745-37.098%), p-cymene (14.643-16.865%), γ-terpinene-7-al (10.590-13.407%), γ-terpinene (9.587-11.986%) and β-pinene (8.606-10.461%) were the main components. When the results obtained from the experiment were evaluated, it was observed that the most appropriate row spacing for anise cultivation under Eskisehir Ecological condition was 30 cm.

Keywords

• Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.)
• essential oil composition
• quality
• row spacing
• yield

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