Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Farklı hasat zamanlarının biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) bitkisinin verim ve kalite özellikleri üzerine etkisi

Year 2019, Volume: 12 Issue: 3 , 7 - 13 , 15.12.2019

Nimet Katar , Duran Katar Recep Temel Serkan Karakurt İzzet Bolatkıran Emel Yıldız Amir Soltanbeigi

https://izlik.org/JA92AN72PD

Abstract

Bu araştırma, farklı hasat zamanlarının (Z1: 16 Ağustos, Z2: 29 Ağustos, Z3: 14 Eylül, Z4: 28 Eylül, Z5: 15 Ekim ve Z6: 31 Ekim) biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) bitkisinin verim ve kalite özellikleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla Eskişehir ekolojik koşullarında 2018 yılında yürütülmüştür. Deneme, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 4 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Biberiye bitkisinin drog yapraklarından su distilasyonu yöntemiyle elde edilen uçucu yağın kompozisyonu GC-MS ile analiz edilmiştir. Yürütülen çalışmada, ortalama bitki boyu (cm), yeşil herba verimi (t ha-1), kuru herba verimi (t ha-1), kuru yaprak verimi (t ha-1), uçucu yağ oranı (%) ve uçucu yağ verimi değerleri sırasıyla 61.87 cm, 15,78 t ha-1, 5.80 t ha-1, 3.55 t ha-1, % 0,69 ve 23.92 l ha-1 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Farklı zamanlarda yapılan hasatlardan elde edilen uçucu yağ örneklerinde 35 farklı komponent olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Analiz edilen uçucu yağ örneklerinde ana bileşen olarak tespit edilen camphor, 1-verbenone, α-pinene, borneol ve 1,8-cineol bileşenlerin değerleri sırasıyla %11.67-14.78, %8.47-11.77, %8.74-11.82, %8.61-11.12 ve 7.01-9.07 arasında değişmiştir.

Keywords

Biberiye Rosmarinus officinalis farklı hasat zamanları uçucu yağ

References

  • Hussain, A.,I., Anwar, F., Chatha, S., A., S., Jabbar, A., Mahboob, S., Nigam, P.,S. (2010). Rosmarinus officinalis Essential Oil: Antiproliferative, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 41, 1070-1078, ISSN 1517-8382.
  • Hassan, F.A.S., Bazaid, S., Ali, E.F. (2013). Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Growth, Yield and Volatile Oil Contenton Rosmarinus officinalis L. Plant. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies, 1(3), 12-21, ISSN: 2320-3862.
  • Borras-Linares, I., Stojanović, Z., Quirantes-Piné, R., Arráez-Román, D., Švarc-Gajić, J., Fernández-Gutiérrez, A., Segura-Carretero, A. (2014). Rosmarinus officinalis Leaves as a Natural Source of Bioactive Compounds. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 15, 20585-20606; doi:10.3390/ijms151120585.
  • Angioni, A., Bara, A., Cereti, E., Barile, D., Coïsson, J. D., Arlorio, M., Dessi, S., Coroneo, V., Cabras, P. (2004). Chemical Composition, Plant Genetic Differences, Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activity İnvestigation of the Essential Oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L., Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52(11), 3530-3535.
  • Yıldırım, K.D. (2018). The Effect of Seasonal Variation on Rosmarinus officinalis (L.) Essential Oil Composition. Uluslararası Tarım ve Yaban Hayatı Bilimleri Dergisi (UTYHBD), 4(1), 33-38, DOI: 10.24180/ijaws.381564.
  • Malayoğlu, H.B. (2010). Biberiyenin (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Antioksidan Etkisi. Hayvansal Üretim, 51(2), 59-67.
  • Miguel, M.G., Guerrero, C., Rodrigues, H., Brito, J. (2007, February 23-25). Essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis L., effect of harvesting dates, growing media and fertilizers. In: Proceedings of the 3rd IASME/WSEAS International Conference on Energy, Environment, Ecosystems and Sustainable Development, Agios Nikolaos, Greece, July, pp. 24–26.
  • Baytop, T. (1984). Türkiye’de bitkilerle tedavi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları Yayın No:3255, Ecz. Fak. Yayın No:40, İstanbul.
  • Kırpık, M. (1998). Farklı Kökenli Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Biberiye) Bitkilerinin Verim ve Uçucu Yağları Üzerinde Araştırmalar. Ç.Ü. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Tarla Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Bai, N., He, K., Roller, M., Lai, C.S., Shao, X., Pan, M.H. (2010). Flavonoids and phenolic compounds from Rosmarinus officinalis L. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58, 5363-5367.
  • Gülbaba, A.G., Kürkçüoğlu, M., Özkurt, N., Başer, K.H.C. (2002). Mersin ve Adana Yöresindeki Doğal Biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Populasyonlarının Tespiti ve Uçucu Yağ Verim ve Bileşimlerinin Belirlenmesi. Orman Bakanlığı Yayın No: 193, DOA Yayın No: 25, Teknik Bülten No: 16, ISSN: 1300-7912.
  • Santonyo, S., Cavero, S., Janime, L., Ibenaz, E., Senorans, F.J., Reglero, G. (2005). Activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil obtained via supercritical fluid extraction. Journal of Food Protection, 68(4), 790-795.
  • Faheem, M., Alı, M., Ullah, N., Alam, M., Ullah, H., Khan, W.U., Anwar, M. (2016). Antitumour activity of essential oil of rosemary by potato disc method. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 9(1), 44-48.
  • Hendel, N., Larous, L. and Belbey, L. (2016). Antioxidant activity of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and its in vitro inhibitory effect on Penicillium digitatum. International Food Research Journal, 23(4), 1725-1732.
  • Hamidpour, R., Hamidpour S., Elias G. (2017). Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary): A Novel Therapeutic Agent for Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Anticancer, Antidiabetic, Antidepressant, Neuroprotective, Anti- Inflammatory, and Anti-Obesity Treatment. Rafie Hamidpour. Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research, 1(4), 1098-1103, DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000371.
  • Kırıcı, S., Inan, M. (2002). Effect of Different Harvesting Time on the Essential Oil Content of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) in the Çukurova Conditions. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Agricultural and Quality Aspects of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Ed. M. Özgüven) May 29- June 01-2001 Adana.
  • Baytop, T. (1999). Türkiye’de Bitkiler ile Tedavi (2.Baskı). Nobel Yayınları, Sayfa: 166 ISBN: 975-420-021-1. Ankara.
  • De Mastro, G., Ruta, C., Mincione, A., Poiana, M. (2004). Bio-morphological and Chemical Characterization of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Biotypes. Proc. XXVI IHC – Future for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Eds. L.E. Craker et al. Acta Hort. 629, ISHS 2004, Publication supported by Can. Int. Dev. Agency (CIDA), 471-482.
  • Satyal, P., Jones, T. H., Lopez, E. M., McFeeters, R. L., Ali, N. A. A., Mansi, I., Al-kaf, A. G., Setzer, W. N. (2017). Chemotypic Characterization and Biological Activity of Rosmarinus officinalis, Foods, 6, 20, DOI: 10.3390/foods6030020.
  • Jan, A.,K., Rehman, N., Mehmood, N., Rauf, A., Farooq, U., Khan, A., Khan, H. (2017). Chemical Composition and Biological Profile of Essential Oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Science, Technology and Development, 36(1), 1-5.
  • Baydar, H. (2005). Tıbbi, Aromatik ve Keyf Bitkileri Bilimi ve Teknolojisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Yayınları, Yayın No: 51, ISBN: 975-7929-79-4. ISPARTA.
  • Düzgüneş, O., Kesici, T., Kavuncu, O., Gürbüz, F. (1987). Araştırma ve Deneme Metotları. Ankara Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, Ankara, 381s.
  • Abdelmajeed, N. A., Danial, E. N., Ayad, H. S. (2013). The effect of environmental stress on qualitative and quantitative essential oil of aromatic and medicinal plants. Archives Des Sciences, 66(4),100-116.
  • Ebrahimghochi, E., Mohsenabadi, G., Majidian, M. (2018). Effect of Planting Date and Intercropping with Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum L.) on Yield and Essential Oil Content of Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 21(3), 759-768, DOI: 10.1080/0972060X.2018.1465857.
  • Grausgruber-Groger, S., Schmiderer, C., Steinborn, R., Novak, J. (2012). Seasonal influence on gene expression of monoterpene syntheses in Salvia officinalis (Lamiaceae). Journal of Plant Physiology, 169, 353-359.
  • Madandoust, M., Fooladchang, M. (2018). Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Essential Oil Content and its Compositions in Anethum graveolens L., Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 21(5), 1266-1271, DOI: 10.1080/0972060X.2018.1544934.
  • Said-Al Ahl, H.A.H., Sabra, A.S., Gendy, A.S.H., Astatkie, T. (2018). Essential Oil Content and Concentration of Constituents of Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis L.) at Different Harvest Dates, Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 21(5), 1410-1417, DOI: 10.1080/0972060X. 2018.1553636.
  • Villers, C. J. (2007). The effect of Phosphorus on the growth, plant mineral content and essential oil composition of Buchu (Agathosma betulina). Thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Agricultural Science at Stellenbosch Universty.
  • Ennajar, M., Bouajila, J., Lebrihi, A., Mathieu, F., Savagnac, A., Abderraba, M., Raiesf, A., Romdhane, M. (2010). The influence of organ, season and drying method on chemical composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Juniperus phoenicea L. essential oils. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 90, 462-470.
  • Katar, D., Olgun, M., Katar, N. and Aydın, D. (2019). Determination of Relationship between Yield Components in Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Genotypes. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University, 36(3), 177-186. DOI:10.13002/jafag4542.
  • Aydın, D., Katar, N., Katar, D. ve Olgun, M. (2019). Farklı Kurutma Sıcaklıklarının Anadolu Adaçayının (Salvia fruticosa Mill. =Salvia triloba L.) Uçucu Yağ Oranı ve Bileşenleri Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi. Uluslararası Tarım ve Yaban Hayatı Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1), 103-109. DOI: 10.24180/ijaws.450195

The effect of different harvest dates on the yield and quality properties of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) plant

Year 2019, Volume: 12 Issue: 3 , 7 - 13 , 15.12.2019

Nimet Katar , Duran Katar Recep Temel Serkan Karakurt İzzet Bolatkıran Emel Yıldız Amir Soltanbeigi

https://izlik.org/JA92AN72PD

Abstract

The purpose of this research carried out in 2018 under Eskişehir ecological conditions was to determine the effect of six different harvest dates (T1: 16 August, T2: 29 August, T3: 14 September, T4: 28 September, T5: 15 October and T6: 31 October) on the yield and quality properties rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). The experiment was established according to a randomized complete-block design with four replications. The composition of the essential oil obtained by the hydro-distillation from the dry leaves of the rosemary plant was analyzed by GC-MS. In the experiment carried out, the mean values of plant height (cm), fresh herb yield (t ha-1), dry herb yield (t ha-1), dry leaf yield (t ha-1), essential oil ratio (%), essential oil yield were determined as 61.87 cm, 15.78 t ha-1, 5.80 t ha-1, 3.55 t ha-1, 0.69% and 23.92 l ha-1, respectively. In the essential oil samples obtained from the harvests made at different dates, 35 different components were identified. The values of the camphor, 1-verbenone, α-pinene, borneol and 1,8-cineol components determined as the main component in the analyzed essential oil samples ranged from 11.67 to 14.78%, from 8.47 to 11.77%, from 8.74 to 11.82%, from 8.61 to 11.12% and from 7.01 to 9.07%, respectively.

Keywords

Rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis different harvest dates essential oil

References

  • Hussain, A.,I., Anwar, F., Chatha, S., A., S., Jabbar, A., Mahboob, S., Nigam, P.,S. (2010). Rosmarinus officinalis Essential Oil: Antiproliferative, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 41, 1070-1078, ISSN 1517-8382.
  • Hassan, F.A.S., Bazaid, S., Ali, E.F. (2013). Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Growth, Yield and Volatile Oil Contenton Rosmarinus officinalis L. Plant. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies, 1(3), 12-21, ISSN: 2320-3862.
  • Borras-Linares, I., Stojanović, Z., Quirantes-Piné, R., Arráez-Román, D., Švarc-Gajić, J., Fernández-Gutiérrez, A., Segura-Carretero, A. (2014). Rosmarinus officinalis Leaves as a Natural Source of Bioactive Compounds. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 15, 20585-20606; doi:10.3390/ijms151120585.
  • Angioni, A., Bara, A., Cereti, E., Barile, D., Coïsson, J. D., Arlorio, M., Dessi, S., Coroneo, V., Cabras, P. (2004). Chemical Composition, Plant Genetic Differences, Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activity İnvestigation of the Essential Oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L., Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52(11), 3530-3535.
  • Yıldırım, K.D. (2018). The Effect of Seasonal Variation on Rosmarinus officinalis (L.) Essential Oil Composition. Uluslararası Tarım ve Yaban Hayatı Bilimleri Dergisi (UTYHBD), 4(1), 33-38, DOI: 10.24180/ijaws.381564.
  • Malayoğlu, H.B. (2010). Biberiyenin (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Antioksidan Etkisi. Hayvansal Üretim, 51(2), 59-67.
  • Miguel, M.G., Guerrero, C., Rodrigues, H., Brito, J. (2007, February 23-25). Essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis L., effect of harvesting dates, growing media and fertilizers. In: Proceedings of the 3rd IASME/WSEAS International Conference on Energy, Environment, Ecosystems and Sustainable Development, Agios Nikolaos, Greece, July, pp. 24–26.
  • Baytop, T. (1984). Türkiye’de bitkilerle tedavi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları Yayın No:3255, Ecz. Fak. Yayın No:40, İstanbul.
  • Kırpık, M. (1998). Farklı Kökenli Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Biberiye) Bitkilerinin Verim ve Uçucu Yağları Üzerinde Araştırmalar. Ç.Ü. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Tarla Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Bai, N., He, K., Roller, M., Lai, C.S., Shao, X., Pan, M.H. (2010). Flavonoids and phenolic compounds from Rosmarinus officinalis L. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58, 5363-5367.
  • Gülbaba, A.G., Kürkçüoğlu, M., Özkurt, N., Başer, K.H.C. (2002). Mersin ve Adana Yöresindeki Doğal Biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Populasyonlarının Tespiti ve Uçucu Yağ Verim ve Bileşimlerinin Belirlenmesi. Orman Bakanlığı Yayın No: 193, DOA Yayın No: 25, Teknik Bülten No: 16, ISSN: 1300-7912.
  • Santonyo, S., Cavero, S., Janime, L., Ibenaz, E., Senorans, F.J., Reglero, G. (2005). Activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil obtained via supercritical fluid extraction. Journal of Food Protection, 68(4), 790-795.
  • Faheem, M., Alı, M., Ullah, N., Alam, M., Ullah, H., Khan, W.U., Anwar, M. (2016). Antitumour activity of essential oil of rosemary by potato disc method. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 9(1), 44-48.
  • Hendel, N., Larous, L. and Belbey, L. (2016). Antioxidant activity of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and its in vitro inhibitory effect on Penicillium digitatum. International Food Research Journal, 23(4), 1725-1732.
  • Hamidpour, R., Hamidpour S., Elias G. (2017). Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary): A Novel Therapeutic Agent for Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Anticancer, Antidiabetic, Antidepressant, Neuroprotective, Anti- Inflammatory, and Anti-Obesity Treatment. Rafie Hamidpour. Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research, 1(4), 1098-1103, DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000371.
  • Kırıcı, S., Inan, M. (2002). Effect of Different Harvesting Time on the Essential Oil Content of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) in the Çukurova Conditions. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Agricultural and Quality Aspects of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Ed. M. Özgüven) May 29- June 01-2001 Adana.
  • Baytop, T. (1999). Türkiye’de Bitkiler ile Tedavi (2.Baskı). Nobel Yayınları, Sayfa: 166 ISBN: 975-420-021-1. Ankara.
  • De Mastro, G., Ruta, C., Mincione, A., Poiana, M. (2004). Bio-morphological and Chemical Characterization of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Biotypes. Proc. XXVI IHC – Future for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Eds. L.E. Craker et al. Acta Hort. 629, ISHS 2004, Publication supported by Can. Int. Dev. Agency (CIDA), 471-482.
  • Satyal, P., Jones, T. H., Lopez, E. M., McFeeters, R. L., Ali, N. A. A., Mansi, I., Al-kaf, A. G., Setzer, W. N. (2017). Chemotypic Characterization and Biological Activity of Rosmarinus officinalis, Foods, 6, 20, DOI: 10.3390/foods6030020.
  • Jan, A.,K., Rehman, N., Mehmood, N., Rauf, A., Farooq, U., Khan, A., Khan, H. (2017). Chemical Composition and Biological Profile of Essential Oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Science, Technology and Development, 36(1), 1-5.
  • Baydar, H. (2005). Tıbbi, Aromatik ve Keyf Bitkileri Bilimi ve Teknolojisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Yayınları, Yayın No: 51, ISBN: 975-7929-79-4. ISPARTA.
  • Düzgüneş, O., Kesici, T., Kavuncu, O., Gürbüz, F. (1987). Araştırma ve Deneme Metotları. Ankara Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, Ankara, 381s.
  • Abdelmajeed, N. A., Danial, E. N., Ayad, H. S. (2013). The effect of environmental stress on qualitative and quantitative essential oil of aromatic and medicinal plants. Archives Des Sciences, 66(4),100-116.
  • Ebrahimghochi, E., Mohsenabadi, G., Majidian, M. (2018). Effect of Planting Date and Intercropping with Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum L.) on Yield and Essential Oil Content of Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 21(3), 759-768, DOI: 10.1080/0972060X.2018.1465857.
  • Grausgruber-Groger, S., Schmiderer, C., Steinborn, R., Novak, J. (2012). Seasonal influence on gene expression of monoterpene syntheses in Salvia officinalis (Lamiaceae). Journal of Plant Physiology, 169, 353-359.
  • Madandoust, M., Fooladchang, M. (2018). Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Essential Oil Content and its Compositions in Anethum graveolens L., Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 21(5), 1266-1271, DOI: 10.1080/0972060X.2018.1544934.
  • Said-Al Ahl, H.A.H., Sabra, A.S., Gendy, A.S.H., Astatkie, T. (2018). Essential Oil Content and Concentration of Constituents of Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis L.) at Different Harvest Dates, Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 21(5), 1410-1417, DOI: 10.1080/0972060X. 2018.1553636.
  • Villers, C. J. (2007). The effect of Phosphorus on the growth, plant mineral content and essential oil composition of Buchu (Agathosma betulina). Thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Agricultural Science at Stellenbosch Universty.
  • Ennajar, M., Bouajila, J., Lebrihi, A., Mathieu, F., Savagnac, A., Abderraba, M., Raiesf, A., Romdhane, M. (2010). The influence of organ, season and drying method on chemical composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Juniperus phoenicea L. essential oils. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 90, 462-470.
  • Katar, D., Olgun, M., Katar, N. and Aydın, D. (2019). Determination of Relationship between Yield Components in Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Genotypes. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University, 36(3), 177-186. DOI:10.13002/jafag4542.
  • Aydın, D., Katar, N., Katar, D. ve Olgun, M. (2019). Farklı Kurutma Sıcaklıklarının Anadolu Adaçayının (Salvia fruticosa Mill. =Salvia triloba L.) Uçucu Yağ Oranı ve Bileşenleri Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi. Uluslararası Tarım ve Yaban Hayatı Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1), 103-109. DOI: 10.24180/ijaws.450195
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Conservation and Biodiversity
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Nimet Katar

Duran Katar This is me

Recep Temel This is me

Serkan Karakurt This is me

İzzet Bolatkıran This is me

Emel Yıldız This is me

Amir Soltanbeigi This is me

Submission Date December 31, 2018
Acceptance Date December 15, 2019
Publication Date December 15, 2019
IZ https://izlik.org/JA92AN72PD
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 12 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Katar, N., Katar, D., Temel, R., Karakurt, S., Bolatkıran, İ., Yıldız, E., & Soltanbeigi, A. (2019). The effect of different harvest dates on the yield and quality properties of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) plant. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 12(3), 7-13. https://izlik.org/JA92AN72PD

❖  Indexes
Additional Web of Science Indexes: Zoological Record, TR Dizin, Medical Reads (RRS), CrossRef;10.46309/biodicon.

❖  Libraries
Aberystwyth University; All libraries; Bath University; Birmingham University; Cardiff University; City University London; CONSER (Not UK Holdings); Edinburgh University; Essex University;Eskisehir Technical University Library, Exeter University; EZB Electronic Journals Library; Feng Chia University Library; GAZİ Gazi University Library; Glasgow University; HEC-National Digital Library; Hull University; Imperial College London; Kaohsiung Medical University Library; ANKOS; Anadolu University Library; Lancaster University; Libros PDF; Liverpool University; London Metropolitan University; London School of Economics and Political Science; Manchester University; National Cheng Kung University Library; National ILAN University Library; Nottingham University; Open University; Oxford University; Queen Mary, University of London; Robert Gordon University; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sheffield Hallam University; Sheffield University; Shih Hsin University Library; Smithsonian Institution Libraries; Southampton University; Stirling University; Strathclyde University; Sussex University; The National Agricultural Library (NAL); The Ohio Library and Information NetWork; Trinity College Dublin; University of Washington Libraries; Vaughan Memorial Library; York University.

❖ Articles published in the journal “Biological Diversity and Conservation” are freely accessible. No article processing charge (APC) is charged.

❖ Additional Web of Science Indexes: Zoological Record
❖ This journal is a member of CrossRef;10.46309/biodicon.
❖ For published articles and full details about the journal, please visit http://www.biodicon.com; https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/yayin/biodicon.


❖  Correspondence Address:: Prof. Ersin YÜCEL, Sazova Mahallesi, Ziraat Caddesi, No.277 F Blok, 26005 Tepebaşı-Eskişehir/Türkiye
❖ E-mail: biodicon@gmail.com;
❖ Web Address: http://www.biodicon.com;  https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/biodicon
❖ Biological Diversity and Conservation
❖ ISSN 1308-5301 Print; ISSN 1308-8084 Online
❖ Publication Start Date 2008
❖ © Copyright by Biological Diversity and Conservation/Biyolojik Çeşitlilik ve Koruma;  Available online at www.biodicon.com. All rights reserved.
. ❖ Publisher: ERSİN YÜCEL (https://www.ersinyucel.com.tr)
❖ This Journal is published three times a year. It is printed in Eskişehir, Türkiye.
❖ The authors are solely responsible for the articles published in this Journal .
❖ Editör-in Chief  : Prof.Dr. Ersin YÜCEL, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8274-7578