Genotypic response on stability for yield and nitrogen use efficiency in triticale X Triticosecale Wittmack under different nitrogen regimes

Year 2017, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 84 - 91, 15.04.2017

Imren Kutlu Nurdilek Gülmezoğlu

Abstract

Nitrogen N has major roles in plant physiology thus in crop yield and quality. Use of N efficiently in diverse environments has an importance for both economic and environmental friendly agricultural production. This study was carried out to evaluate the biomass and grain yield capacity of triticale X Triticosecale Wittmack genotypes and performance of nitrogen use efficiency NUE traits at different N rates and year, investigate the relative importance of genotypic variance components and heritability of yield and NUE traits, estimate the “genotype × environment” interactions and the stability of these interactions. Eleven triticale genotypes six cultivars Karma, Melez, Mikham, Presto, Samursortu, Tatlicak, and five lines TVD-3, TVD-4, KTVD-9, TVD-17, TVD-25 were grown with three N rates 40, 80 and 160 kg N ha-1 in two subsequent growing seasons. The experimental design was a split-plot design with four replicates. The calculated NUE indexes were agronomic efficiency, physiological efficiency, agrophysiological efficiency, apparent recovery efficiency and utilization efficiency for the triticale genotypes used in the experiment. It has been determined that eleven triticale genotypes differed for stability for biomass and yield, protein content and N efficiency traits examined under different environmental conditions. TVD-3, TVD-4 and TVD-17 genotypes were considered the best in terms of adaptation to all environments for NUE traits. Samursortu and TVD-25 were found to be the most stable for biomass and grain yield while any genotype was not found to be stable for protein content

Keywords

grain, genotype x environment, protein, biomass, N utilization

Farklı azot rejimlerinde tritikalenin X Triticosecale Wittmack verim ve azot kullanım etkinliğinin stabilitesine genotipik yanıt

Abstract

Azot N , bitki fizyolojisi, ürün verimi ve kalitesinde önemli rol oynar. Azotun çeşitli çevrelerde etkin bir şekilde kullanılması, hem ekonomik hem de çevre dostu tarımsal üretim için önemlidir. Bu çalışma, tritikale X Triticosecale Wittmack genotiplerinin farklı N oranları ve yıllarda, biyokütle ve tane verimi kapasitesini aynı zamanda N kullanım etkinliği NUE özelliklerini değerlendirmek, verim ve NUE özelliklerinin genotipik varyans bileşenleri ve kalıtsallığının önemini araştırmak, bu özellikler için "genotip × çevre" etkileşimleri ve bu etkileşimlerin stabilitesini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Onbir triticale genotipi altı çeşit; Karma, Melez, Mikham, Presto, Samursortu, Tatlıcık ve beş hat; TVD-3, TVD-4, KTVD-9, TVD-17, TVD-25 , üç N dozu 40, 80 ve 160 kg N ha-1 ve iki ardışık deneme sezonunda yetiştirilmiştir. Deneysel tasarım, dört tekrarlamalı bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre oluşturulmuştur. Tritikale genotiplerinin NUE indeksleri agronomik etkinlik, fizyolojik etkinlik, agro-fizyolojik etkinlik N değerlendirme etkinliği ve N kullanım hesaplanmıştır. Onbir triticale genotipinin farklı çevresel koşullar altında incelenen biyokütle, tane verimi, protein içeriği ve NUE özellikleri açısından istikrarı bakımından farklı olduğu belirlenmiştir. NUE özellikleri için tüm çevrelerde adaptasyon açısından TVD-3, TVD-4 ve TVD-17 genotipleri en iyi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Biyokütle ve tane verimi açısından Samur sortu ve TVD-25 genotiplerinin stabil oldukları belirlenirken, protein içeriği için hiçbir genotip stabil bulunmamıştır

Keywords

tane, genotip x çevre, protein, biyokütle, azottan yararlanma

References

• Abd El Mohsen, A.A., Amein, M.M. (2016). Comparing two statistical models for studying genotype x environment interaction and stability analysis in flax. International Journal Farming and Allied Sciences, 5(4), 278-289.
• Akcura, M., Kaya, Y., Taner, S. (2005). Genotype-environment interaction and phenotypic stability analysis for grain yield of durum wheat in the Central Anatolian region. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 29, 369-375.
• Akcura, M., Kaya, Y., Taner, S., Ayranci, R. (2006). Parametric stability analyses for grain yield of durum wheat. Plant Soil and Environment, 52(6), 254–261.
• Allard, R.W., Bradshaw, A.D. (1964). Implications of genotype environmental interactions in applied plant breeding. Crop Science, 4, 503-507.
• Al-Naggar, A.M.M., Shabana, R., Abd El-Aleem, M.M., El-Rashidy, Z. (2015). Effect of N-limited environment, genotype and their interaction on nitrogen use efficiency traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) F1 and F2 diallel crosses. Applied Science Reports, 12(1), 9-19.
• Anbessa, Y., Juskiw, P., Good, A., Nyachiro, J., Helm, J. (2009). Genetic Variability in nitrogen use efficiency of spring barley. Crop Science, 49, 1259–1269.
• Baker, R. J. (1988). Tests for crossover genotype-environment interactions. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 68, 405-410.
• Barraclough, P. B., Howarth, J. R., Jones, J., Lopez-Bellido, R., Parmar, S., Shepherd, C.E., Hawkesford, M. J. (2010). Nitrogen efficiency of wheat: genotypic and environmental variation and prospects for improvement. European Journal of Agronomy, 33, 1–11.
• Bouwman, A.F., Van Vuuren, D.P., Derwent, R.G., Posch, M. (2002). A global analysis of acidification and eutrophication of terrestrial ecosystems. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 141, 349–382.
• Demir, I., Turgut, İ. (1999). General Plant Breeding, Publications of Ege University Agricultural Faculty, 496, 138 p.
• Eberhart, S.A. Russell, W.A. (1966). Stability parameters for comparing varieties. Crop Science, 6, 36-40.
• Fageria, N.K., Baligar, V.C. (2001). Lowland rice response to nitrogen fertilization. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 32, 1405-1429.
• Gaju, O., Allard, V., Martre, P., Snape, J. W., Heumez, E., LeGouis, J., Moreau, D., Bogard, M., Griffiths, S., Orford, S., Hubbart, S., Foulkes, M. J. (2011). Identification of traits to improve the nitrogen-use efficiency of wheat genotypes. Field Crops Research, 123, 139–152.
• Hebert, Y., Plomion, C., Harzic, N. (1995). Genotypic×environment interaction for root traits in maize as analysed with factorial regression models. Euphytica, 81, 85-92.
• Hitz, K. (2015). Breeding for nitrogen use efficiency in soft red winter wheat. Theses and Dissertations-Plant and Soil Sciences Paper 62, 168 p.
• Katar, D., Arslan, Y., Kodaş, R., Subaşı, İ., Katar, N. (2016). Determining of performances on different characteristics in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) genotypes under organic and conventional production systems. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 9(1): 172-181.
• Lemes da Silva, C., Benin, G., Bornhofen, E., Todeschini, M. H., Dallo, S. C., Sassi, L. H. S. (2014). Characterization of Brazilian wheat cultivars in terms of nitrogen use efficiency. Bragantia, 73(2), 87-96.
• Lindsay, W.L., Norvell, W.A. (1978). Development of a DTPA soil Test for Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu. - Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc., 42, 421-428.
• Mohammadi, M., Karimizadeh, R. Sabaghnia, N, Shefazadeh, M.K. (2012). Genotype × environment interaction and yield stability analysis of new improved bread wheat genotypes. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 17(1), 67-73.
• Naghavi, A., Sofalian, O., Asghari, A., Sedghi, M. (2010). Relation between freezing tolerance and seed storageproteins in winter bread wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.). Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 15, 154–158.
• Pregitzer, C.C. (2010). Plant genotype and environment interact to influence soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics. Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 44 p.
• Rowell, D.R. (1996). Soil Science: Methods and Applications. Harlow, Longman.
• Sadras, V.O., Slafer G.A. (2012). Environmental modulation of yield components in cereals: heritability’s reveal a hierarchy of phenotypic plasticities. Field Crops Research, 127, 215–224.
• SAS Institute (1999). SAS/STAT Users Guide. 8. Version. SAS Institute Inc. Cary. NC.
• Sayar, M.S., Anlarsal, A.E, Başbağ, M. (2013). Genotype–environment interactions and stability analysis for dry-matter yield and seed yield in hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz.). Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 18(2), 238-246.
• Singh, U. Ladha, J.K., Castillo, E.G., Punzalan, G., Tirol-Padre, A., Duquez M. (1998). Genotypic variation in nitrogen use efficiency in medium- and long-duration rice. Field Crops Research, 58, 35-53.
• Todeschini, M. H., Milioli, A. S., Trevizan, D. M., Bornhofen, E., Finatto, T., Storck, L., Benin, G. (2016). Nitrogen use efficiency in modern wheat cultivars. Bragantia, 75(3), 351-361.
• Vitousek, P.M., Aber, J.D., Howarth, R.W., Likens, G.E., Matson, P.A., Schindler, D.W., Schlesinger, W.H., Tilman, D. (1997). Human Alteration of the global nitrogen cycle: sources and consequences. Ecological Applications, 7, 737–750.
• Yi, K., Ting-Xuan L., Xi-Zhou, Z., Hai-Ying, Y. (2011). Variation of nitrogen use efficiency of triticale in genotype and its evaluation. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 17(4), 845-851.