The pollination and reproduction success of Salvia sclarea

Year 2017, Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 130 - 135, 15.04.2017

Serdar Gökhan Şenol Volkan Eroğlu Ozan Şentürk Fidan Kaçmaz Ayşe Betül Avcı

Abstract

In this study, the pollinators of Salvia sclarea Lamiaceae and their behaviors, pollen viability, stigma receptivity, pollination biology and reproduction success were investigated. On observation, 8 insect taxa: Xylocopa violacea, Vespula germanica, Megachile pilidens, Sphex spirifex, Anthocopa bidentata bidentata, Apis mellifera, Anthophora sp., Sphaerophoria sp. were reported to pollinate the plant for different reasons. Stigma receptivity begins from the bud phase of the flower protogyny when the anthers open at the same level as the stigma, it surpasses the anthers and comes out of the upper lip of the corolla and activates the allogamy mechanism. In the bagging experiments which consisted 100 flowers 1.95 ± 1.69 ovules per flower were calculated to be fertilized while in the control group it was 3.92 ± 0.34 ovules . According to ISI index ISI = 0,497 the plant was identified to be semi-incompatible. This species is cultivated for its medical and aromatic significance. To ensure seed production in this species, its autogamy is replaced by the allogamy mechanism. This is important in terms of the species productivity and seed output. In addition, S. sclarea fields are considered to contribute positively to honey production as they are pollinated by bees

Keywords

Salvia, pollination, Xylocopa

Salvia sclarea'nın tozlaşması ve üreme başarısı

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Salvia sclarea Lamiaceae 'nın tozlaştırıcı böcekleri ve davranışları, polen canlılığı, stigma aktivasyonu, üretilen toplam polen ve ovül miktarı verileri üzerinden tozlaşma biyolojisi ve üreme başarısı araştırılmıştır. Gözlemler sonucu, 8 böcek taksonunun Xylocopa violacea,Vespula germanica, Megachile pilidens, Sphex spirifex, Anthocopa bidentata bidentata, Apis mellifera, Anthophora sp., Sphaerophoria sp. bitkiyi çeşitli amaçlarla ziyaret ettiği belirlenmiştir. Canlılık testlerinde tomurcuk safhasından itibaren stigmanın aktif olduğu protoginik , anterlerin ise stigmayla aynı seviyeye geldikten sonra açıldığı, stigmanın anter seviyesini geçerek korolla üst dudağından dışarı çıktığı ve yabancı dölleklik mekanizmasını etkin hale getirdiği belirlenmiştir. Kapatma denemelerinde, yüz çiçekte çiçek başına ortalama 1.95 ± 1.69 , kontrol grubunda ise 3.92 ± 0.34 ovülün döllendiği, bu nedenle ISI ISI=0,497 indeksine göre, bitkinin kısmen kendine döllek olduğu saptanmıştır. Doğal bir bitki olmasına rağmen tıbbi ve aromatik öneminden dolayı büyük oranda kültüre alınarak yetiştirilen bu tür, yabancı tozlaşma mekanizmasının yanı sıra kendine dölleklik mekanizmasını da yaklaşık olarak yarı yarıya çalıştırarak tohum üretimini garantiye almaktadır. Bu durum kültüre edilen türün verimliliği ve tohum eldesi açısından önemlidir. Ayrıca arı gruplarıyla tozlaşması sebebiyle bu tarz kültür alanlarının arıcılıkta, bal üretimine olumlu katkısı olacağı düşünülmektedir

Keywords

Salvia, tozlaşma, Xylocopa

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