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Variations within and among populations depending on some leaf characteristics of oriental beech Fagus orientalis Lipsky

Year 2016, Supplement 1, 1 - 9, 15.08.2016

Abstract

At the beginning of the tree breeding programs, it is started over investigations of genetic variations. Thanks to the genetic variation investigations it is proved how does the scape of variations among populations and trees in populations change according to the variations like altitude, distance from sea and rain. Oriental beech is a very important tree species in the forestry. It is aimed in this study to determine variations on the seedling which are grown from seeds picked from 11 different Oriental beech populations Sinop-Merkez, SinopAyancık, Samsun-Kunduz, Samsun-Karapınar, Karabük-Yenice, Düzce-Çiçekli, Trabzon-Maçka, Trabzon-Çaykara, Giresun-Kulakkaya, Ordu-Akkuş and Kahramanmaraş-Andırın in terms of leaf width, leaf length, leaf area, leaf vein angle and leaf moisture. By making these measurements on the seedlings belong to the all populations, variations among populations connected to these characteristics are determined. Besides, measurements on tree basis was done by using 6000 leaves in 6 populations, ten trees from per populations, 10 seedlings from per tree, 10 leaves from per seedlings and differences within populations were determined by looking these characteristics. As a result of the variance analysis which is done connected with leaf width, length, area and leaf vein angle it was determined that there are statistical differences among populations for all these characteristics. As a consequence of the variance analysis belong to the leaf measure, significance level is over 0.05. According to this result it is determined that 11 populations became homogenous depending leaf moisture. All the characters except for leaf moisture showed differences within 6 separate populations. Although populations are homogenous in terms of leaf moisture it is understood that trees within populations showed variations for these characters. According to the hierarchical cluster analysis Sinop-Merkez, Sinop-Ayancık and Karabük-Yenice populations are at the same group in terms of all leaf characters and other populations created other group

References

  • Anonymous 2014. Turkey Forests, Republic of Turkey, General Directorate of Forestry, Ankara.
  • Bayramzadeh, V., Funada, R. and Kubo, T. 2008. Relationships between vessel element anatomy and physiological as well as morphological traits of leaves in Fagus crenata seedlings originating from different provenances, Trees, 22, 217-224.
  • Chmura, D. J., Rozkowski, R. 2002. Variability of beech provenances in spring and autumn phenology, Silvae Genetica 51, 2-3.
  • Ertekin, M., Kırdar, E., Ayan, S. 2015. The Effects of Exposure, Elevation and Tree Age on Seed Characteristics of Fagus orientalis Lipsky. South-east Eur for 6 (1): 15-23. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15177/seefor.15-03
  • Hiura, T., Koyama, H. and Igarashi, T. 1996. Negative trend between seed size and adult leaf size throughout the geographical range of Fagus crenata, Ecoscience, 3, 226-228.
  • Işık, K. 1981. Domestication of plants and exotic species in terms of domestication, Symposium of Industrial Afforestation with Fast Growing Species in Turkey Kefken-İzmit, 249-254.
  • Işık, K. 1988. Importance of local races and genetic contamination problems in our forest tree species, Journal of Forest Engineering, 25, 11, 25-30.
  • Işık, K., Yıldırım, T. 1990. Strategies for Conservation of Forest Gene Resources and Some Recommendations on Cedrus libani. (in: Proc. Of International Cedar Symposium), Supported by FAO and Turkish Forest Service, 22-27 October 1990, Antalya-Turkey, 342-352.
  • Kaya, Z. 1989. Genetic Compatibility, Seed Resource and Seed Transfer, Journal of Seedling, General Directorate of Forestry, Journal of Occupational Officers Association, 17, 3-8.
  • Kaya, Z. 1990. Our Forest Genetic Resources: Our National Heritage, Journal of Seedling, General Directorate of Forestry, Journal of Occupational Officers Association, 28, 2-6.
  • Koike, T., Maruyama, Y. 1998. Comparative ecophysiology of the leaf photosynthetic traits in Japanese beech grown in provenances facing the Pacific Ocean side and the sea side of Japan. J Phytogeogr Taxon, 46, 23-28.
  • Namkoong, G. 1989. System of Gene Management. In: Breeding Tropical Trees: Population Structure and Genetic improvement Strategies in Clonal and Seedling Forestry. (Proc. IUFRO Conference, Pattaya, Tailand.) Gibson, G.I., Griffin, G.I., Griffin, A.R. and Matheson, A.C. (Editors). Oxford Forestry Institute, Oxford, U.K.
  • Robert, R., John, P. 2004. The Ecology and Silviculture of American Beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.): An Overview, Improvement and Silviculture of Beech, Proceedings from the 7th International Beech Symposium IUFRO Research Group, 10-20 May, Tehran, Iran.
  • Tengiz, E. 1986. Some Features of Oriental Beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky.) and shelter demand in seedling production, Journal of Forest Engineering, 23, 3.
  • Yahyaoğlu, Z., Genç, M. 2007. Seedling Standardization, Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Forestry, Issue No. 75, Isparta.
  • Zobel, B. and Talbert, S., 1984. Applied Forest Tree Improvement. North Carolina State University. Wiley and Sons. Inc. NY.

Doğu kayınında Fagus orientalis Lipsky bazı yaprak karakterlerine ait populasyonlar arası ve içi varyasyonlar

Year 2016, Supplement 1, 1 - 9, 15.08.2016

Abstract

Islah tree breeding programlarının başlangıcında tür içi genetik çeşitlilik varyasyon araştırmaları üzerinde durulmaktadır. Genetik çeşitlilik araştırmaları sayesinde, çeşitliliğin populasyonlar arası ve populasyon içi ağaçlar arası kapsamı, bunun rakım, denizden uzaklık, yağış gibi değişkenlere göre nasıl değişim gösterdiği ortaya konulmaktadır. Doğu Kayını ülkemiz ormancılığında önemli bir ağaç türüdür. Bu çalışmada, 11 farklı doğu kayını popülasyonundan Sinop-Merkez, Sinop-Ayancık, Samsun-Kunduz, Samsun-Karapınar, Karabük-Yenice, DüzceÇiçekli, Trabzon-Maçka, Trabzon-Çaykara, Giresun-Kulakkaya, Ordu-Akkuş ve Kahramanmaraş-Andırın toplanan tohumlardan yetiştirilen 2+0 yaşındaki fidanlarda yaprak eni, yaprak boyu, yaprak alanı, yaprak damar açısı ve yaprak nemi bakımından meydana gelen varyasyonları belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu ölçümler tüm populasyonlara ait fidanlarda yapılarak, bu özelliklere bağlı, populasyonlar arası varyasyonlar ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca, 6 populasyonda, her populasyondan 10 ağaç, her ağaçtan 10 fidan ve her fidandan 10 yaprakta olmak üzere toplam 6000 yaprak kullanılarak ağaç bazında ölçümler yapılmış ve bu özelliklere bağlı olarak populasyon içi farklılıklar belirlenmiştir. Yaprak eni, yaprak boyu, yaprak alanı ve yaprak damar açısına ilişkin olarak gerçekleştirilen varyans analizi sonucunda bu karakterlerin hepsi için populasyonlar arasında istatistiksel olarak farklılıklar olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yaprak nemine ait varyans analizi sonucunda ise önem düzeyi 0.05’ten büyük çıkmıştır. Bu sonuca göre çalışılan 11 populasyonun, yaprak nemine bağlı olarak homojen bir yapı gösterdikleri belirlenmiştir. 6 populasyonun her birinin kendi içerisinde ise yaprak nemi dışındaki tüm karakterlerin farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Yaprak nemi bakımından populasyonlar homojen bir yapı gösterse de, populasyonlar içerisindeki ağaçlar ise bu karakter bakımından varyasyonlar gösterdiği anlaşılmıştır. Hiyerarşik kümeleme analizi sonucu oluşan gruplandırmaya göre; ölçülen tüm yaprak karakterleri bakımından Sinop-Merkez, Sinop-Ayancık ve Karabük-Yenice populasyonları aynı grup içerisinde yer almış olup diğer populasyonlar ise diğer grubu meydana getirmiştir

References

  • Anonymous 2014. Turkey Forests, Republic of Turkey, General Directorate of Forestry, Ankara.
  • Bayramzadeh, V., Funada, R. and Kubo, T. 2008. Relationships between vessel element anatomy and physiological as well as morphological traits of leaves in Fagus crenata seedlings originating from different provenances, Trees, 22, 217-224.
  • Chmura, D. J., Rozkowski, R. 2002. Variability of beech provenances in spring and autumn phenology, Silvae Genetica 51, 2-3.
  • Ertekin, M., Kırdar, E., Ayan, S. 2015. The Effects of Exposure, Elevation and Tree Age on Seed Characteristics of Fagus orientalis Lipsky. South-east Eur for 6 (1): 15-23. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15177/seefor.15-03
  • Hiura, T., Koyama, H. and Igarashi, T. 1996. Negative trend between seed size and adult leaf size throughout the geographical range of Fagus crenata, Ecoscience, 3, 226-228.
  • Işık, K. 1981. Domestication of plants and exotic species in terms of domestication, Symposium of Industrial Afforestation with Fast Growing Species in Turkey Kefken-İzmit, 249-254.
  • Işık, K. 1988. Importance of local races and genetic contamination problems in our forest tree species, Journal of Forest Engineering, 25, 11, 25-30.
  • Işık, K., Yıldırım, T. 1990. Strategies for Conservation of Forest Gene Resources and Some Recommendations on Cedrus libani. (in: Proc. Of International Cedar Symposium), Supported by FAO and Turkish Forest Service, 22-27 October 1990, Antalya-Turkey, 342-352.
  • Kaya, Z. 1989. Genetic Compatibility, Seed Resource and Seed Transfer, Journal of Seedling, General Directorate of Forestry, Journal of Occupational Officers Association, 17, 3-8.
  • Kaya, Z. 1990. Our Forest Genetic Resources: Our National Heritage, Journal of Seedling, General Directorate of Forestry, Journal of Occupational Officers Association, 28, 2-6.
  • Koike, T., Maruyama, Y. 1998. Comparative ecophysiology of the leaf photosynthetic traits in Japanese beech grown in provenances facing the Pacific Ocean side and the sea side of Japan. J Phytogeogr Taxon, 46, 23-28.
  • Namkoong, G. 1989. System of Gene Management. In: Breeding Tropical Trees: Population Structure and Genetic improvement Strategies in Clonal and Seedling Forestry. (Proc. IUFRO Conference, Pattaya, Tailand.) Gibson, G.I., Griffin, G.I., Griffin, A.R. and Matheson, A.C. (Editors). Oxford Forestry Institute, Oxford, U.K.
  • Robert, R., John, P. 2004. The Ecology and Silviculture of American Beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.): An Overview, Improvement and Silviculture of Beech, Proceedings from the 7th International Beech Symposium IUFRO Research Group, 10-20 May, Tehran, Iran.
  • Tengiz, E. 1986. Some Features of Oriental Beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky.) and shelter demand in seedling production, Journal of Forest Engineering, 23, 3.
  • Yahyaoğlu, Z., Genç, M. 2007. Seedling Standardization, Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Forestry, Issue No. 75, Isparta.
  • Zobel, B. and Talbert, S., 1984. Applied Forest Tree Improvement. North Carolina State University. Wiley and Sons. Inc. NY.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Deniz Güney This is me

Hülya Turna This is me

İbrahim Turna This is me

Şemsettin Kulaç This is me

Fahrettin Atar This is me

Ertuğrul Fılız This is me

Publication Date August 15, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Supplement 1

Cite

APA Güney, D., Turna, H., Turna, İ., Kulaç, Ş., et al. (2016). Variations within and among populations depending on some leaf characteristics of oriental beech Fagus orientalis Lipsky. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 9(2), 1-9.

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