Ülkemizde tarımsal üretimde kimyasal gübre kullanımı hızla artmaktadır. Bu nedenle araştırmamızda günümüzde yaygın olarak kullanılan kimyasal ve biyolojik bitki gübrelerinin Allium cepa meristematik kök hücrelerindeki mitoz ve kromozomlar üzerine olan etkisini incelemek, aralarındaki farklılıkları göstermek amaçlanmıştır. Gübre çeşitlerinin bitkilerde, uzunluk, klorofil A, klorofil B ve vitamin C’ye olan etkileri ve sebze, meyve üretiminde kullanılan gübrelerin, bitkilerde ortaya çıkarabileceği durum ortaya konmuştur. Deney için ilk olarak kullanılacak toprak ve uygulanacak gübre miktarları belirlenerek hassas terazide tartıldı. Deney bitiminde, soğanların yaprak boyları cetvel ile ölçüldü. Klorofil A, klorofil B ve C vitamini miktarlarını belirlemek için, yeşil yapraklardan homojenat elde edildi. Klorofil A ve klorofil B miktarları spektrofotometrik olarak belirlendi. C vitamini miktarlarını belirlemek için titrasyon işlemi yapıldı. Bitkinin meristematik kök uçlarındaki hücrelerde mitotik indeks ve kromozom durumlarını incelemek için Feulgen boyası uygulandı. Hazırlanan preparatlar araştırma mikroskobunda incelendi. Kimyasal gübre çeşitlerinden sodyum fosfat potasyum, biyolojik gübre çeşitlerinden güvercin gübresi uygulaması yapılan grupta kromozomal anomalilere rastlandı. Amonyum sülfat AS ve amonyum nitrat AN uygulanan gruplarda mitotik indeksin düştüğü belirlendi. Biyolojik gübrelerden leonardit bitkilerde mitotik indeksi artırdı ve kromozomlar üzerinde olumsuz etkisi gözlenmedi. İncelenen parametreler göz önüne alınarak sonuçlarımız değerlendirildiğinde; bitkilerin kromozomları üzerinde olumsuz değişiklik yapmaması nedeniyle, kimyasal gübrelerden üre, biyolojik gübrelerden de leonarditin üretimde kullanımlarının daha sağlıklı olabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır
purposes of the study were to investigate the effects of widely used chemical and biological plant fertilizers on mitosis and chromosomes in meristematic stem cells of Allium cepa and to determine differences among these fertilizers. In addition, this study has been demonstrated the effects of fertilizer types on chlorophyll A, chlorophyll B, vitamin C and the length of plants. Initially, soil and fertilizers amounts were determined and weighed on precision scales for experiment. At the end of the experiment, leaves length of onions were measured by scale. Homogenate of the green leaves was obtained to determine the amount of chlorophyll A, chlorophyll B and vitamin C. Chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B levels were determined by spectrophotometry. Titration was performed for determining the amount of vitamin C. To examine mitotic index and chromosomal condition in the plant meristematic root tip, Feulgen dye was applied. The preparations were examined under the microscope. Chromosomes abnormalities found in chemical fertilizer sodium phosphate potassium group and biological fertilizer pigeon manure. Mitotic index was decreased with application of ammonium sulfate AS and ammonium nitrate. Biological fertilizer leonardite increased mitotic index in plants and adverse effect weren’t observed on the chromosome. According to the obtained results; we were concluded that the use of chemical fertilizer urea and biological fertilizer leonardite could be healthier in agriculture because of lack of adverse changes in the plant chromosome
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Conservation and Biodiversity |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | August 15, 2015 |
| Submission Date | May 12, 2014 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2015 Volume: 8 Issue: 2 |
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❖ Correspondence Address:: Prof. Ersin YÜCEL, Sazova Mahallesi, Ziraat Caddesi, No.277 F Blok, 26005 Tepebaşı-Eskişehir/Türkiye
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❖ Biological Diversity and Conservation
❖ ISSN 1308-5301 Print; ISSN 1308-8084 Online
❖ Publication Start Date 2008
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❖ Editör : Prof.Dr. Ersin YÜCEL, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8274-7578