BibTex RIS Cite

Serpentine Flora of Turkey

Year 2013, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 134 - 152, 15.04.2013

Abstract

This study was carried out to illustrate the importance of the edaphic and geological isolation for the floristic diversity and endemism. Some of the most important reasons for the floristic diversity of Turkey are the edaphic, geological and geomorphogical diversity and different topographical structures. The fact that there is an extensive endemism on the land developed from the gypsum and serpentine rocks with extreme conditions is explained by the ‘’geological isolation’’ and these regions are called “geologic island“ or “edaphic island”. Turkey is very rich as regards to ophiolitic rock and endemism. Except for the eastern and south eastern part of the country the ultramaphic rocks are present all over Turkey. They are frequently observed in Kütahya, Balıkesir, Antalya, Muğla, Hatay and Adana regions in Amanos Mountains, in Eastern Taurus, north and northeast of Mersin and between Niğde and Adana, in Aladağ massive and thousands of kilometer square land from Adana to Erzincan. Also they are locally present between Ankara and Çanakkale regions. In this study there were 223 taxa determined grow upon the ultramaphic serpentine rocks based on the species published in Flora of Turkey volumes I-XI and other sources and the observation made in the fields. Among these 223 taxa which prefer on the serpentine rocks 142 of them are endemic and 8 taxa are rare on the national and international scales. The distribution of the taxa according to families were found to be as follows; Asteraceae, 36 taxa; Lamiaceae, 21 taxa; Brassicaceae, 20 taxa; Liliaceae, 17 taxa; Caryophyllaceae, 16 taxa; Scrophulariaceae, 15 taxa; Poaceae, 13 taxa; Apiaceae, 11 taxa; Plumbaginaceae, 9 taxa; Fabaceae, 8 taxa; Boraginaceae, 7 taxa; Rubiaceae, 7 taxa; Crassulaceae, 6 taxa; Convolvulaceae, 6 taxa; Euphorbiaceae, 6 taxa and others 25 taxa. IUCN threatened categories of the endemic and rare taxa grown on serpentine rocks are 1 taxon EX; 20 taxa CR; 29 taxa EN; 27 taxa VU; 27 taxa LR cd ; 8 taxa LR nt ; 14 taxa LR lc ; 7 taxa DD. When we take the distribution of the serpentine rock in the country we see that the endemism is particularly located alongside the Anatolian Diagonal. One of the reasons for this endemism is found to be the geological isolation and most of the newly found taxa are distributed on the serpentine rocks and this shows the necessity of the further floristic studies of the region. As a result of the investigation of the 223 taxa which were found to adapt to serpentine extreme conditions 97 of them were regarded as the serpentinophyt which lives only on serpentine i.e an obligate and remaining 126 of them were found to be serpentinovag is capable to grow both on the serpentine and other edaphic condition i.e facultative . In order to verify these results it is necessary to investigate the genetic solutions, adaptation ways and life strategies of these taxa to these extreme conditions

References

  • Adıgüzel, N., Reeves, RD. 2002. ‘’A new nickel-acumulating species of Alyssum (Cruciferae) from western Turkey’’,Edinburgh Journal of Botany 59: 215-219.
  • Atalay, I., Efe, R. 2012. Ecological attributes and distribution of Anatolian black pine [Pinus nigra Arnold. subsp. pallasiana Lamb. Holmboe ] in Turkey. J. Environ. Biol. 33, 509-519 (2012)
  • Avcı, M. 2005. Diversity and endemism in Turkey’s vegetation. İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Coğrafya Bölümü Coğrafya Dergisi 13: 27-55.
  • Aytaç, Z., Aksoy, A. A new Sideritis speeies (Labiatae) from Turkey. - Fl. Medit. IO: 181- 184. 2000. - ISSN 1120- 4052.
  • Aytaç, Z., 2000. A new species of Bornmuellera Hausskn. (Brassicaceae) from south Anatolia, Turkey. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society (2000), 134: 485–490.
  • Baker, AJM., J. Proctor, and Reeves, RD. (Eds.). 1992. The Vegetation of UltramaŞc (Serpentine) Soils. Proceedings of the First International Conference on Serpentine Ecology. Intercept, Andover, Hampshire, UK. 509 pp.
  • Batianoff GN, Singh S. 2001. Central Queens- land serpentine landforms, plant ecology and endemism. S. Afr. J. Sci. 97: 495–500
  • Brady, KU., AR. Kruckeberg, HD., Bradshaw Jr. 2005. Evolutionary ecology of plant adaptation to serpentine soils. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 36: 243–266
  • Brooks, RR. 1987. Serpentine and its vegetation: a multidisciplinary ap- proach. Dioscorides Press, Portland.
  • Brown, JH. 1995. Macroecology. Univ.of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  • Davis PH.: Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean islands. 1-9. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press. UK (1965-1985)
  • Davis, PH., Tan, K., 1988. Mill R.R. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean islands. 10. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press. UK.
  • Davis MA, Boyd RS, Cane JH. 2001. Host- switching does not circumvent the Ni-based defense of the Ni hyperaccumulator Strep- tanthus polygaloides (Brassicaceae). S. Afr. J. Sci. 97: 554–5
  • Duran, A., 2009. Hesperis ozcelikii (Brassicaceae), a new species form Turkey. Ann. Bot. Fennici 46: 577-584.
  • Duran, A., Ozturk, M., Doğan, B. 2009. A New Species of the Genus Psephellus (Asteraceae) From North-East Anatolia, Turkey. Ozean Journal of Applied Sciences 2(1), 2009.
  • Duran,A., Dogan, B., Hamzaoglu, E., Aksoy, A. 2011. Scorzonera coriacea A. Duran & Aksoy (Asteraceae, Cichorieae), a new species from South Anatolia, Turkey. Conservatoire Et Jardin Botaniques De Genève, Candollea 66(2): 353-359 (2011).
  • Doğan, M., Akaydın, G. 2003. Two new species in Acanthalimon sect. Staticopsis (Plumbaginaceae) from Turkey. Ann. Bot. Fennici 40: 53-58.
  • Ekim, T., Koyuncu, M., Vural, M., Duman, H., Aytaç, Z., Adıgüzel, N. 2000. Türkiye Bitkileri Kırmızı Kitabı (Pteridophyta and Spermatophyta), Türkiye Tabiatını Koruma Derneği ve Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi yayını, Ankara
  • Erik, S., Tarikahya, B. 2004.’’Türkiye Florası Üzerine’’, Kebikeç 17:139-163.
  • Futuyma, DJ., G. Moreno. 1988. The evolution of ecological specializa- tion. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 19: 207–233.
  • Gaston, KJ., Blackburn, TM. 2000. Pattern and process in macroecology. Blackwell, Oxford.
  • Güner, A., N. Özhatay, Ekim T., Baser KHC. 2000. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean islands . 11. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press.
  • Hoşgören, MY. 2000, Jeomorfolojinin Ana Çizgileri I, Rebel yayıncılık, İstanbul.
  • Kantarcı, D., 1987. Toprak İlmi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi yayını, İstanbul
  • Karavelioğulları,F. A., Duran, A., Hamzaoğlu, E. 2004. Verbascum tuna-ekimii (Scrophulariaceae), a new species from Turkey. Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 227-231.
  • Kruckeberg, AR. 1954. The ecology of serpen- tine soils: A symposium. III. Plant species in relation to serpentine soils. Ecology 35: 267–
  • Kruckeberg, AR. 1984. California serpentines: flora, vegetation, geology, soils, and management problems. Univ. of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
  • Kruckeberg, AR., Adıgüzel, N., Reeves, RD. 1999. Glimpses of the flora and ecology of Turkish (Anatolian Species), The Karaca Arboretum Magazine 5 (2): 67-86
  • Kruckeberg, AR. 2002. Geology and plant life: the effects of land- forms and rock types on plants. University of Wash- ington Press, Seattle, WA.
  • Özhatay N, Kültür Ş., Aksoy, N. 1994. Check-List of additional taxa to the supplement Flora of Turkey. Turk J Bot. 18: 497-514.
  • Ozhatay, N., Kültür, Ş. Aksoy, N. 1999. Check-list of additional taxa to the Supplement Flora of Turkey II. Turk. J. Bot. 23: 151- 170.
  • Ozhatay, N., Kültür, Ş. 2006. Check-list of additional taxa to the Supplement Flora of Turkey III. Turk. J. Bot. 30: 281- 316.
  • Ozhatay, N., Kültür, Ş. Aslan, S. 2009. Check-list of additional taxa to the Supplement Flora of Turkey IV. Turk. J. Bot. 33: 191
  • Ozhatay, N., Kültür, Ş., Gürdal, MB. 2011. Check-list of additional taxa to the supplement Flora of Turkey V. Turkish Journal of Botany 35: 589-624.
  • Parolly, G., Tan, K. 2006. A new species of Hesperis (Brassicaceae) from SW Anatolia, Turkey. – Willdenowia 36: 851-856. – ISSN 0511-9618; 2006 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem.
  • Proctor, J., Woodell, SRJ. 1975. The ecology of serpentine soils. Advances in Ecological Research 9: 255–366.
  • Proctor, J. 1999. Toxins, nutrient shortages and droughts: the serpentine challenge. Trends Ecol. Evol. 14: 334–35
  • Rajakaruna, 2004. Rajakaruna, N. 2004. The edaphic factor in the origin of plant species. Int. Geol. Rev. 46: 471–478.
  • Reeves, RD., Baker AJM, Borhidi A., Berazaín R. 1999. Nickel hyperaccumulation in the serpentine flora of Cuba. Annals of Botany 83: 29-38.
  • Reeves RD., Kruckeberg AR, Adıgüzel N., Krımer ,U. 2001. Studies on the fl ora of serpentine and other metalliferous areas of western Turkey. South African Journal of Sciences 97: 513-517.
  • Reeves RD., N., Adıgüzel, 2004. Rare plants and nickel accu- mulators from Turkish serpentine soils, with special reference to Centaurea species. Turk. J. Bot. 28: 147-153.
  • Robinson, B., Brooks, R., Kirkman, J., Gregg, P., Alvarez, H. 1997. Edaphic influences on a New Zeland Ultramafic (serpentine) flora: a statistical approach. Plant and Soil188:11-20.
  • Stevens, G.C. 1989. The latitudinal gradient in geographial range: how so many species coexist in the tropics. American naturalist 133: 240-256
  • Vural, M., Adıgüzel, N. 1996. Türkiye Florasıyla İlgili Notlar II= Silene cserei subsp. aeoniopsis, Silene argaea ve Silene balansae (Caryophyllaceae). Ot Sistematik Botanik Dergisi.3, 2, 93-98, 1996-ISSN 1300-2953.
  • Wallace, DR.1983. The Klamath Knot: Explo- rationsofMythandEvolution. San Fran- cisco: Sierra Club Books. 149 pp.
  • Whittaker, 1954. Whittaker, RH. 1954. The ecology of serpentine soils: A symposium. I. Introduction. Ecology 35: 258–59.
  • Wörz, A., Duman, H. 2004. Eryngiumtrisectum (Apiaceae, Saniculoideae), a new species from Turkey. – Willdenowia 34: 421-425. – ISSN 0511-9618; 2004 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem.

Türkiye serpantin florası

Year 2013, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 134 - 152, 15.04.2013

Abstract

Bu çalışma, edafik ve jeolojik izolasyonun floristik çeşitlilik ve endemizm açısından öneminin ortaya konulması amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Türkiye’nin floristik çeşitliliğinin önemli nedenlerinden birkaçı edafik, jeolojik ve jeomorfolojik çeşitlilik ve farklı topoğrafik yapılardır. Ekstrem ekolojik şartlar içeren Jips, Serpantin gibi kayaçlardan gelişen topraklarda endemizmin yoğun olması “jeolojik izolasyon” ile açıklanmakta, bu bölgeler “jeolojik ada” ya da “edafik ada” olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Türkiye’de ofiolitik kayaçlar endemizm bakımından oldukça zengindir. Ultramafik kayaçlar yurdumuzun doğu ve güneydoğu illeri hariç bir çok yerinde yayılmaktadır. Kütahya ve Balıkesir çevrelerinde, Antalya ve Muğla civarında, Hatay ve Adana civarında Amanos dağlarında, Doğu Toroslarda Mersin’in kuzeyi ve kuzeydoğusunda, Niğde ve Adana arasında Aladağ masifi içinde, Adana’dan-Erzincan’a kadar yüzlerce kilometrelik hat boyunca uzanır. Ayrıca Ankara ve Çanakkale çevrelerinde de lokal de olsa rastlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye Florası I-XI ciltler ve daha sonra yayımlanan türler ve arazi gözlemlerine dayalı olarak yurdumuzda önemli bir yayılışa sahip ultramafik kayaçlardan serpantin üzerinde uzmanlaşan 223 takson tespit edilmiştir. Serpantin kayaçlar üzerinde uzmanlaştığı tespit edilen 223 taksondan 142’si endemik, 8 takson ise ulusal ya da küresel ölçekte nadir taksonlardır. Taksonların familyalara göre dağılımı; Asteraceae, 36; Lamiaceae, 21; Brassicaceae, 20; Liliaceae, 17; Caryophyllaceae, 16; Scrophulariaceae, 15; Poaceae, 13; Apiaceae, 11; Plumbaginaceae, 9; Fabaceae, 8; Boraginaceae, 7; Rubiaceae, 7; Crassulaceae, 6; Convolvulaceae, 6; Euphorbiaceae, 6; diğerleri, 25 olarak saptanmıştır. Serpantin üzerinde gelişen endemik ve nadir taksonların bilinen IUCN tehlike kategorileri, 1 takson EX; 20 takson CR; 29 takson EN; 27 takson VU; 27 takson LR cd ; 8 takson LR nt ; 14 takson LR lc ; 7 takson DD’dir. Yurdumuzda serpantin kayaçların yayılış alanları dikkate alındığında özellikle “Anadolu Diyagonali” üzerinde yoğunlaştığı, diyagonal üzerindeki endemizmin bir diğer nedeninin jeolojik izolasyon olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Yeni tespit edilen taksonların büyük çoğunluğunun serpantin kayaçlar üzerinde yayılıyor olması, bu alanlarda detaylı floristik araştırmaların gereğini ortaya koymaktadır. Serpantin sistemlere uyum sağladığı tespit edilen 223 taksonun yayılış alanları incelenmiş ve 97 taksonun Serpantinofit zorunlu serpantin bitkisi=obligat olarak adlandırılabilecegi, geri kalan 126 taksonun ise serpantinovag hem serpantin üzerinde hem de serpantin dışındaki farklı edafik koşullarda gelişebilen=fakültatif olarak değerlendirilebileceği kanaatine varılmıştır. Bu taksonların habitata uyum için geliştirdikleri genetik çözümler ile uyumsal açılımları ve yaşam stratejileri ile ilgili araştırmalarla bu sonuçlar kesinlik kazanabilecektir

References

  • Adıgüzel, N., Reeves, RD. 2002. ‘’A new nickel-acumulating species of Alyssum (Cruciferae) from western Turkey’’,Edinburgh Journal of Botany 59: 215-219.
  • Atalay, I., Efe, R. 2012. Ecological attributes and distribution of Anatolian black pine [Pinus nigra Arnold. subsp. pallasiana Lamb. Holmboe ] in Turkey. J. Environ. Biol. 33, 509-519 (2012)
  • Avcı, M. 2005. Diversity and endemism in Turkey’s vegetation. İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Coğrafya Bölümü Coğrafya Dergisi 13: 27-55.
  • Aytaç, Z., Aksoy, A. A new Sideritis speeies (Labiatae) from Turkey. - Fl. Medit. IO: 181- 184. 2000. - ISSN 1120- 4052.
  • Aytaç, Z., 2000. A new species of Bornmuellera Hausskn. (Brassicaceae) from south Anatolia, Turkey. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society (2000), 134: 485–490.
  • Baker, AJM., J. Proctor, and Reeves, RD. (Eds.). 1992. The Vegetation of UltramaŞc (Serpentine) Soils. Proceedings of the First International Conference on Serpentine Ecology. Intercept, Andover, Hampshire, UK. 509 pp.
  • Batianoff GN, Singh S. 2001. Central Queens- land serpentine landforms, plant ecology and endemism. S. Afr. J. Sci. 97: 495–500
  • Brady, KU., AR. Kruckeberg, HD., Bradshaw Jr. 2005. Evolutionary ecology of plant adaptation to serpentine soils. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 36: 243–266
  • Brooks, RR. 1987. Serpentine and its vegetation: a multidisciplinary ap- proach. Dioscorides Press, Portland.
  • Brown, JH. 1995. Macroecology. Univ.of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  • Davis PH.: Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean islands. 1-9. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press. UK (1965-1985)
  • Davis, PH., Tan, K., 1988. Mill R.R. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean islands. 10. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press. UK.
  • Davis MA, Boyd RS, Cane JH. 2001. Host- switching does not circumvent the Ni-based defense of the Ni hyperaccumulator Strep- tanthus polygaloides (Brassicaceae). S. Afr. J. Sci. 97: 554–5
  • Duran, A., 2009. Hesperis ozcelikii (Brassicaceae), a new species form Turkey. Ann. Bot. Fennici 46: 577-584.
  • Duran, A., Ozturk, M., Doğan, B. 2009. A New Species of the Genus Psephellus (Asteraceae) From North-East Anatolia, Turkey. Ozean Journal of Applied Sciences 2(1), 2009.
  • Duran,A., Dogan, B., Hamzaoglu, E., Aksoy, A. 2011. Scorzonera coriacea A. Duran & Aksoy (Asteraceae, Cichorieae), a new species from South Anatolia, Turkey. Conservatoire Et Jardin Botaniques De Genève, Candollea 66(2): 353-359 (2011).
  • Doğan, M., Akaydın, G. 2003. Two new species in Acanthalimon sect. Staticopsis (Plumbaginaceae) from Turkey. Ann. Bot. Fennici 40: 53-58.
  • Ekim, T., Koyuncu, M., Vural, M., Duman, H., Aytaç, Z., Adıgüzel, N. 2000. Türkiye Bitkileri Kırmızı Kitabı (Pteridophyta and Spermatophyta), Türkiye Tabiatını Koruma Derneği ve Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi yayını, Ankara
  • Erik, S., Tarikahya, B. 2004.’’Türkiye Florası Üzerine’’, Kebikeç 17:139-163.
  • Futuyma, DJ., G. Moreno. 1988. The evolution of ecological specializa- tion. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 19: 207–233.
  • Gaston, KJ., Blackburn, TM. 2000. Pattern and process in macroecology. Blackwell, Oxford.
  • Güner, A., N. Özhatay, Ekim T., Baser KHC. 2000. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean islands . 11. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press.
  • Hoşgören, MY. 2000, Jeomorfolojinin Ana Çizgileri I, Rebel yayıncılık, İstanbul.
  • Kantarcı, D., 1987. Toprak İlmi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi yayını, İstanbul
  • Karavelioğulları,F. A., Duran, A., Hamzaoğlu, E. 2004. Verbascum tuna-ekimii (Scrophulariaceae), a new species from Turkey. Ann. Bot. Fennici 41: 227-231.
  • Kruckeberg, AR. 1954. The ecology of serpen- tine soils: A symposium. III. Plant species in relation to serpentine soils. Ecology 35: 267–
  • Kruckeberg, AR. 1984. California serpentines: flora, vegetation, geology, soils, and management problems. Univ. of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
  • Kruckeberg, AR., Adıgüzel, N., Reeves, RD. 1999. Glimpses of the flora and ecology of Turkish (Anatolian Species), The Karaca Arboretum Magazine 5 (2): 67-86
  • Kruckeberg, AR. 2002. Geology and plant life: the effects of land- forms and rock types on plants. University of Wash- ington Press, Seattle, WA.
  • Özhatay N, Kültür Ş., Aksoy, N. 1994. Check-List of additional taxa to the supplement Flora of Turkey. Turk J Bot. 18: 497-514.
  • Ozhatay, N., Kültür, Ş. Aksoy, N. 1999. Check-list of additional taxa to the Supplement Flora of Turkey II. Turk. J. Bot. 23: 151- 170.
  • Ozhatay, N., Kültür, Ş. 2006. Check-list of additional taxa to the Supplement Flora of Turkey III. Turk. J. Bot. 30: 281- 316.
  • Ozhatay, N., Kültür, Ş. Aslan, S. 2009. Check-list of additional taxa to the Supplement Flora of Turkey IV. Turk. J. Bot. 33: 191
  • Ozhatay, N., Kültür, Ş., Gürdal, MB. 2011. Check-list of additional taxa to the supplement Flora of Turkey V. Turkish Journal of Botany 35: 589-624.
  • Parolly, G., Tan, K. 2006. A new species of Hesperis (Brassicaceae) from SW Anatolia, Turkey. – Willdenowia 36: 851-856. – ISSN 0511-9618; 2006 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem.
  • Proctor, J., Woodell, SRJ. 1975. The ecology of serpentine soils. Advances in Ecological Research 9: 255–366.
  • Proctor, J. 1999. Toxins, nutrient shortages and droughts: the serpentine challenge. Trends Ecol. Evol. 14: 334–35
  • Rajakaruna, 2004. Rajakaruna, N. 2004. The edaphic factor in the origin of plant species. Int. Geol. Rev. 46: 471–478.
  • Reeves, RD., Baker AJM, Borhidi A., Berazaín R. 1999. Nickel hyperaccumulation in the serpentine flora of Cuba. Annals of Botany 83: 29-38.
  • Reeves RD., Kruckeberg AR, Adıgüzel N., Krımer ,U. 2001. Studies on the fl ora of serpentine and other metalliferous areas of western Turkey. South African Journal of Sciences 97: 513-517.
  • Reeves RD., N., Adıgüzel, 2004. Rare plants and nickel accu- mulators from Turkish serpentine soils, with special reference to Centaurea species. Turk. J. Bot. 28: 147-153.
  • Robinson, B., Brooks, R., Kirkman, J., Gregg, P., Alvarez, H. 1997. Edaphic influences on a New Zeland Ultramafic (serpentine) flora: a statistical approach. Plant and Soil188:11-20.
  • Stevens, G.C. 1989. The latitudinal gradient in geographial range: how so many species coexist in the tropics. American naturalist 133: 240-256
  • Vural, M., Adıgüzel, N. 1996. Türkiye Florasıyla İlgili Notlar II= Silene cserei subsp. aeoniopsis, Silene argaea ve Silene balansae (Caryophyllaceae). Ot Sistematik Botanik Dergisi.3, 2, 93-98, 1996-ISSN 1300-2953.
  • Wallace, DR.1983. The Klamath Knot: Explo- rationsofMythandEvolution. San Fran- cisco: Sierra Club Books. 149 pp.
  • Whittaker, 1954. Whittaker, RH. 1954. The ecology of serpentine soils: A symposium. I. Introduction. Ecology 35: 258–59.
  • Wörz, A., Duman, H. 2004. Eryngiumtrisectum (Apiaceae, Saniculoideae), a new species from Turkey. – Willdenowia 34: 421-425. – ISSN 0511-9618; 2004 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Latif Kurt This is me

Beste Gizem Ozbey This is me

Fatma Kurt This is me

Ebru Ozdenız This is me

Ayşenur Bolukbası This is me

Publication Date April 15, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kurt, L., Ozbey, B. G., Kurt, F., Ozdenız, E., et al. (2013). Türkiye serpantin florası. Biyolojik Çeşitlilik Ve Koruma, 6(1), 134-152.

❖  Abstracted-Indexed in
Web of Science {Zoological Records Indexed] Clavariate Analytic, Medical Reads (RRS), CrossRef;10.46309/biodicon.

❖ Libraries
Aberystwyth University; All libraries; Bath University; Birmingham University; Cardiff University; City University London; CONSER (Not UK Holdings); Edinburgh University; Essex University; Exeter University; Eskişehir Technical University Library; EZB Electronic Journals Library; Feng Chia University Library; GAZİ Gazi University Library; Glasgow University; HEC-National Digital Library; Hull University; Imperial College London; Kaohsinug Medical University Library; ANKOS; Anadolu University Library; Lancaster University; Libros PDF; Liverpool University; London Metropolitan University; London School of Economics and Political Science; Manchester University; National Cheng Kung University Library; National ILAN University Library; Nottingham University; Open University; Oxford University; Queen Mary,University of London;Robert Gordon University; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sheffield Hallam University; Sheffield University; Shih Hsin University Library; Smithsonian Institution Libraries; Southampton University; Stirling University; Strathclyde University; Sussex University; The National Agricultural Library (NAL); The Ohio Library and Information NetWork; Trinity College Dublin; University of Washington Libraries; Vaughan Memorial Library; York University..

❖ The article processing is free.

❖ Web of Science-Clarivate Analytics, Zoological Record
❖ This journal is a CrossRef;10.46309/biodicon. member

❖ Please visit ” http:// www.biodicon.com“ ; "https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/biodicon"   for instructions about articles and all of the details about journal


❖  Correspondance Adres: Prof. Ersin YÜCEL, Sazova Mahallesi, Ziraat Caddesi, No.277 F Blok, 26005 Tepebaşı-Eskişehir/Türkiye
E-posta / E-mail: biodicon@gmail.com;
Web Address: http://www.biodicon.com;   https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/biodicon
❖ Biological Diversity and Conservation/ Biyolojik Çeşitlilik ve Koruma
❖ ISSN 1308-5301 Print; ISSN 1308-8084 Online
❖ Start Date Published 2008
© Copyright by Biological Diversity and Conservation/Biyolojik Çeşitlilik ve Koruma-Available online at www.biodicon.com/All rights reserved
Publisher : ERSİN YÜCEL (https://www.ersinyucel.com.tr/)
❖ This journal is published three numbers in a year. Printed in Eskişehir/Türkiye.
❖ All sorts of responsibilities of the articles published in this journal are belonging to the authors
Editör / Editor-In-Chief : Prof.Dr. Ersin YÜCEL, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8274-7578